Review On Effects Of Cattle Manure Ash On Properties Of Fresh And Hardened Concrete

Abstract

The consumption of cement in concrete industries has been increasing day by bay to fulfill the pressing
needs of infrastructure due to growing population, industrialization and urbanization. The production of cement
poses environmental problems due to emission of gaseous pollutants. Combustion is an attractive method for cattle
manure waste disposal since it produces heat and electrical energy and minimizes groundwater and air pollution by
consumption of the waste. A major problem arising from the combustion of cattle manure waste is the significant
resultant quantity of cattle manure ash (CMA). In this paper, we study the strength, workability and water
permeability of concrete when CMA is used as a partial replacement in cement. CMA was replaced by 5%, 10% and
15% by volume of cement in concrete. CMA were tested, which were generated after combustion at 500 °C. The
strength of concrete that contained CMA was determined using cubic samples (150 mm edge) at 7, 14 and 28 days.
The workability was measured from the slump when the concrete was mixed manually or mechanically. The water
permeability, including percentage, velocity and coefficient of water absorption of concrete, was deter- mined at 7 and
28 days using an improved initial surface absorption test.