ENHANCEMENT OF SOIL PROPERTIES BY USING BONE ASH & SODIUM CHLORIDE

Abstract

As per agricultural purposes, soil can be defined as the uppermost layer of earth’s surface on which many types of plant grow, we also cultivate these crops. A black or dark brown material typically consisting of a mixture of organic remains, clay and rock particles are called soil. The lower portion of earth’s crust which supports the foundations and carries various loads is called hard rock or strata. As far as engineering purposes is concerned, soil may be defined as the mixture of minerals, aggregates, organic matter etc. It may be loose or cohesive. Soil stabilization is the technique of varying the properties of soil by changing the gradation through mixing with chemicals to increase its strength & durability. Generally, various soil failures occurs due to poor shear strength. Hence to overcome such type of failures, cattle bone ash & sodium chloride are used as stabilizer to improve the shear strength of soils. The important tests which are performed are Standard Proctor Test (S.P.T) and Direct Shear Test (D.S.T). The Standard Proctor Test (S.P.T) is performed so as to obtain a graph between Optimum Moisture Content (O.M.C) and Maximum Dry Density (M.D.D). After getting the Maximum Dry Density (M.D.D), Direct Shear Test & Permeability Test are performed to get the required strength so as to bear various loads.