Design of a Solar Tracker System for Panels

Abstract

Solar energy is fast becoming a very important means of renewable energy resource. By using solar
tracking system, it is possible to generate more energy from solar panels since the solar panel can maintain a
perpendicular profile to the rays of the sun. Even though the initial cost of setting up the tracking system is
considerably high, there are some cheaper methods that can be used to generate more energy. This paper presents the
design and construction of a solar tracking system that has a single axis of freedom. Light Dependent Resistors
(LDRs) are used for sunlight detection. The control circuit is based on an ATMega328P microcontroller. It is
programmed to detect sunlight through the LDRs before actuating the servo to position the solar panel. The solar
panels have been positioned to a particular place where it is able to receive maximum light. As compared to other
motors, the servo motors are able to maintain their torque at high speed, more efficient with efficiencies in the range
of 80-90%. Servos can supply around twice their rated torque for short periods. Performance and characteristics of
solar panels are analysed through experimental set up