Published Volumes & Issues
Browse all published issues of International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science. Click any issue card to view its papers inline.
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-8EE427
A REVIEW ON A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF TYPICAL R.C. BUILDING USING IS1893:2002 AND IS-1893:2016
Yash Mehta , Dimple Desai, Bijal Chaudhri · Psot graduate Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, IN
Structures” have been published by bureau of Indian standards. In reinforced concrete building, frames
are considered as main structural elements, which resist shear, moment, and torsion effectively. The frames
are subjected to various loads, where lateral loads are always predominant. The study focuses on the
comparison of various clauses of new IS 1893 (part 1) : 2016 with respect to old IS 1893 (part 1) : 2002.
The study helps in understanding main contributing factors, which lead to poor performance of structure
during the earthquake. So as to achieve their safe behaviour under earthquake in future. An attempt is
made to compare both standards using structural software.
Keywords: Earthquake resistant design ,IS 1893, comparison, structural software, lateral load
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-4BA04F
DEVELOPMENT OF CEMENT BASED EPOXY RESIN USED AS ANTICORROSIVE REINFORCEMENT COATING: A REVIEW
Jigar J. Ganvit , Gunvant Solanki, Maulik Kakadiya · M.Tech student, Department of Civil Engineering, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India, IN
reinforcement coatings used so far to protect the steel embedded in concrete against corrosion. Epoxy resin
has good adhesive properties and cement is used as binding agent. Reinforced concrete is one of the most
versatile construction material which used for the construction of several strategic structures like longspan highway bridges, pavements, off-shore structures, multi-storied framed structures and many other
mega- industrial structures. Engineers still believe that once the reinforced concrete structures are
designed and built, it will remain durable and maintenance free and they can fulfil the intended purpose
and function for the whole of its designed life, but the microstructural properties and permeability of
concrete to various aggressive ions are responsible for corrosion of reinforcement in concrete. The present
work involves the development of cement based epoxy resin reinforcement coatings.
Keywords: Epoxy resin, Epoxy resin curing agent, Cement, Solvent, Anti corrosive coating
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-C894BA
AERODYNAMIC MODIFICATION AND SHAPE OPTIMIZATION ON HIGH-RISE BUILDING TO WIND-INDUCED LOAD (REVIEW
Kajol S. Mevawala , Hitesh K. Dhameliya, Krutarth S. Patel · P.G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, IN
rather than normal. Predominantly, shape and orientation of the building are determined on the premises
of architectural and empirical deliberations, but the wind-induced excitations are stimulated by irregularity
of the building shapes can not be neglected also. To protect the functional necessity of high-rise flexible
buildings and to mitigate the excitations, miscellaneous methods are accessible. Between these methods,
aerodynamic modifications techniques are very influence which affect the structure of tall-buildings
significantly and have obtained a lot of awareness in recent years. For investigations of the effects of
building modification on reduction of wind load on high-rise buildings. A benchmark models can be tested
by pressure measurements. Based on the preliminary results, mean wind pressure co-efficient, base
moment co-efficient and local wind force co-efficient of the modified models are discussed to provide
comprehensive evaluations of the effects through aerodynamic modification. This paper aims a review on
various aerodynamic modification techniques applied to high-rise buildings.
Keywords: Wind load, Effects on high-rise building, Aerodynamic modification, Shape optimization, Response of building
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-91D802
REVIEW ON: PILE RAFT FOUNDATION SOIL STRUCTURE INTERSECTION EFFECT ON MULTISTOREY RC SHEAR WALL BUILDING
Sahil Jogani , Asst. Prof. Anuj K. Chandiwala, Asst. Prof. Bansari Mor · P.G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, IN
foundation allows the load to be shared between the raft and piles. In which the total load coming from the
superstructure is partly shared by the raft through contact with soil and the remaining load is shared by
piles through skin friction. For most piled raft foundation the purpose of the raft can increase the bearing
capacity & pile can reduce settlement, handle large eccentric loading. For the literature study we
concluded that piled raft foundation concept has significant advantages in comparison to conventional
foundation for the available soil strata. It is observed that stiffer the soil more will be the load shared by the
raft. In under lying soft sub soil profile to minimize the differential and overall settlement in piled raft
foundation due consideration must be given consolidation characteristics of the founding stratum .With
the increase in raft thickness the positive and negative bending moment of raft increases. It can be
concluded that pile dimension, raft dimension, different suitable method of pile group arrangement could
be incorporated in tentative design to make a most cost effective and efficient foundation system for a
prototype foundation system. Increasing number of piles decreases the total and ultimate settlement and
increases the total load carrying capacity up to certain limit that depend upon loading condition As the
position of shear wall changes the effect of shear force, bending moment and settlement changes.
Keywords: Pile Raft foundation, Vertical settlement, Different pile length & diameter
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-9BEEF7
A REVIEW ON COMPARATIVE STUDY OF BRIDGE SUPER STRUCTURE WITH REFERENCE TO IRC AND AASHTO STANDARDS
Anisha Chauhan , Dimple Desai, Bijal Chaudhri · P.G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, IN
State Method. The design of various components of bridges is now done in most countries almost
invariably with the use of computers. Designers are going in for longer and longer spans and adopt
different forms and geometry in alignment. In recent years, single or multi-cell reinforced concrete box
Girder Bridge have been proposed and widely used as economic aesthetic solution for the over crossings,
under crossings, grade separation structures and viaducts found in modern highway system. The very large
Torsional rigidity of the box girder‘s closed cellular section provides structures beneath is more
aesthetically pleasing than open-web type system. In India, IRC had published IRC: 112 – 2011 that
combines the provision for the both RCC & Prestress Concrete Structures. The present paper focus on
comparative design of a box Girder bridge under IRC: 112 – 2011 and AASHTO LRFD Bridge Design
Specification. This paper addresses the differences in calculation procedure, and the resulting design. This
review paper consists of evaluate the Limit State Method of IRC: 112 and AASHTO-LRFD Bridge Design
Specification. The main aim is to study the similarities and differences between the design procedures of
IRC: 112 and AASHTO-LRFD. For that the past papers related to comparison of bridge super structure
design with reference to IRC and AASHTO standards.
Keywords: IRC: 112-2011, AASHTO- LRFD, Box girder, Bridge super structure
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-F08A6A
A REVIEW ON DYNAMIC BEHAVIOUR OF RC STRUCTURE WITH LOAD TRANSFER PLATE
Ashika S. Patel , Yati R. Tank, Gunvant R. Solanki · M.Tech Students, Department of Civil Engineering, Chhotubhai Gopalbhai Patel Institute of Technology, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India, IN
constructed at an increasing rate. The building which has car parking or commercial area at lower level
and apartment and office area at upper level often lead to situation where different grid arrangement in the
same building this requires the use of transfer system such as transfer plate, transfer beam or transfer
girder. Transfer floor is a floor system which supports a vertical as well as lateral load resisting system and
transfer it’s loading to different underneath system. Transfer floor distribute the load from closely spaced
column to column with long span. In the present study an attempt has been made to study the various
research papers related to transfer plate. Also, the paper introducing behaviour of high rise building with
transfer plate system under wind and seismic loading have been studied.
Keywords: Transfer plate, Structural behaviour, Seismic, Wind, Software, Finite element
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-277A8A
REVIEW ON: SEISMIC SOIL-STRUCTURE INTERACTION OF PILE RAFT FOUNDATION IN MULTI-STORY MRF BUILDING
Milan Savaliya , Ass. Prof. Anuj K. Chandiwala, Ass. Prof. Bansri Mor · P.G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, IN
structures. In piled raft foundation the raft and piles both contribute in load sharing. The raft carry load through
contact with soil and provide a reasonable measure of stiffness and load resistance while piles carry load through
skin friction and the provided to reduce the vertical settlements as well as the differential settlements in raft. Soilstructure interaction (SSI) is process in which the response of the soil influences the motion of the structure and the
motion of the structure influences the response of the soil. In general, structure and piled raft under seismic load are
designed considering fixed base condition. However, soil flexibility may result significant changes in the response of
soil-pile raft-structure system. The responses of the superstructure considered include the displacement at top of the
frame and moments in the columns. The effect of soil-structure interaction is found to be quite significant for the type
of foundation.
Keywords: Seismic soil structure interaction, pile raft foundation, Moment resisting framed building
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-AA41AF
A REVIEW ON COMPRESSIVE AND TENSILE STRENGTH OF RECYCLE CONCRETE AGGREGATE
Krushal Koshiya , Jasmin Gadhiya, Hardik Patel · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India, IN
many other developing countries & it is likely to increase in future. On other hand, In past year about 30 million
tonnes of concrete waste is produced out of which 60% is utilised in landfilling and remaining 40% remains as waste
only which causes lot of social, economical and environmental problem, Thus the idea of using recycle concrete
aggregate (RCA) in a production of new concrete is an effective alternative of reducing the concrete waste. It can lead
to the considerable saving in natural resources. It is obtained by crushing of demolished concrete and screening and
removing other contaminants. Recycle concrete aggregate is used in sub-base of roads, back-filling works and also
used in construction of Bungalows & low-rise building. The rate of recycle aggregate is about 550-600 Rs/ton which
is less than the rate of natural aggregate i.e. 750-850 Rs/ton. There is about 15-18% reduction in compressive
strength, about 20-24% increase in the water absorption capacity, about 30-32% reduction in the tensile strength
when natural aggregate is fully replaced by recycle aggregate in concrete at 28 days. The partial replacement of
natural aggregate with recycle aggregate is mostly in the ratio of 0%,25%,50% & 100% having an water-cement ratio
in the range of 0.50 - 0.65.This paper represents the research work done in the development of recycle concrete
aggregate(RCA). It’s mechanical behaviour, properties, effectiveness and it’s application.
Keywords: recycled aggregate, compressive strength, tensile strength, recycled aggregate concrete, natural aggregate
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-10FC9B
ANALYZING AND VALIDATING OF CRITICAL FACTORS AFFECTING TIME OVERRUN AND COST OVERRUN OF PROJECT
Roshni Surti , Jaypalsinh Barad, Priyank Hirpara, Naznin Dhanani, Saurabh Jain · Civil Uka tarsadia university, IN
growth of the country directly or indirectly. Hence it is necessary to identify cause of delay and variation in
cost and time due to delay. The objective of the study is to validate the critical factors and also find out time
overrun and cost overrun of the project through case study. We found out the top 10 critical factors
affecting delay in construction of the residential building with the help of Relative Important Index(RII)
method. Then these factors were validated by case study. Then for the same site time overrun and cost
overrun is calculated with the help of Primavera P6 software. The validation of the critical factor is about
70%. Total time overrun is 27 months. Total cost overrun in direct cost is 3,51.014 Rs. and total cost,
overrun in indirect cost is 27,93,000 Rs. It was analyzed that total cost overrun in indirect cost is much
higher then cost overrun in direct cost. We carried out some recommendation to minimize the effect of
delay in construction of residential building.
Keywords: Delay, Residential building, Validation, Time overrun, Cost overrun
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-D7AA71
Comparative Study of RC Column and Composite column under seismic load
Dhruvit H Chevli , Grishma Thaker, Abhishek Raturi · Post graduate student, Department Of civil engineering, CGPIT Uka tarsadia University, IN
more essential in the society. The RCC Structure is no longer suitable because of increased dead load, span
rejection, and less stiffness.The structural engineers are trying to use different materials for a most
efficient design solution. Composite members are structural members composed of steel and concrete. It
combines the advantages of both steel and concrete. In recent years, composite columns are gaining
popularity over conventional reinforced concrete (RC) columns for high-rise construction, and also,
relatively a new concept for the industrial construction. Steel-concrete composite elements are used widely
in modern building construction. This paper contains review analysis for RCC as well as composite
building regarding seismic performance. Effect of each building is studied with respect to time period, base
shear, story drift, resisting force, fire effective performances. The developments related to seismic design
motivate the review of composite column behavior and current design provisions.
Keywords: comparison, RC column, composite column, seismic analysis
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-825296
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE BY COCONUT SHELL : REVIEW
Rajan Baldha , Dimple Desai, Minu Tressa · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India, IN
consisting of a mixture of cement, aggregates, water and admixtures. Traditionally aggregates have been readily
available at economic prices and of qualities, but the use of natural aggregate in highly increasing rate leads to a
question about the preservation of natural aggregates sources. In light of this, few studies identified that coconut
shells, the agricultural by product can also be used as aggregate in concrete as India occupies premier position in the
world for the production of coconut. Limited research has been conducted on mechanical properties of concrete with
coconut shells as aggregate replacement. However, further research is needed for better understanding of the
behaviour of coconut shells as aggregate in concrete. The aim of this work is to examine the strengths of coconut
shell concretes at different coconut shells (CS) replacements with constant w/c ratio. Utilising coconut shell as
aggregate in concrete production not only solves the problem of disposing this solid waste but also helps conserve
natural resources. The other benefit of using CS is that it makes the concrete light weight as compared to ordinary
concrete. It has been observed from the previous research data that the overall strength decreased with CS
replacement increased when compared to ordinary concrete, but after all the CS concrete resulted in acceptable
strength required for structural concrete.
Keywords: Coconut Shell, Concrete, Coarse Aggregate, strength Properties, waste disposal, Natural Resources
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-25B586
REVIEW ON BOND STRENGTH AND DUREBILITY OF RECYCLED CONCRET AGGERGATE
Sunit Dhameliya , Jasmine Gadiya, Maulik Kakadiya · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India, IN
from crushed concrete rubbles in building industry. Large quantity of concrete waste have been produced
by construction & demolition industries in India and many other developing countries & it is likely to
increase in future. On other hand, In past year about 30 million tons of concrete waste is produced out of
which major quantity of recycled aggregate at present is used in lower end applications, however in some
developed economies; it is also used in structural concrete, due to its quality which is certified and bears
Confirmite Europeenne (CE) certificate. Thus the idea of using recycle concrete aggregate (RCA) in a
production of new concrete is an effective alternative of reducing the concrete waste. The quality of
recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) produced depends on the quality of recycled aggregate obtained from
old concrete. Recycled concrete aggregate shows inferior physical properties than the natural coarse
aggregate. However, treatment of recycled concrete aggregate by acid, thermal and mechanical means
improve the physical properties of RCA significantly. The compressive strength of concrete made with
untreated RCA is 14% less than natural aggregate concret ( NAC). Treatment improves the compressive
strength of RAC made with treated aggregates and is more than 95% of NAC, irrespective of the treatment
method used. Acid treatment method is more effective in improving the bond strength of reinforcement and
concrete. The greater creep coefficients and shrinkage strain of recycled concrete had a significant
influence on the long term behaviour of structural recycled concrete. Therefore, the different time
dependent properties of RAC need to be considered in structural design. This paper aims to study research
work done on literature of bond strength & durability of RAC.
Keywords: recycled aggregate, bond strength, durability of recycled aggregate , recycled aggregate concert, natural aggregate
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-C1E310
REVIEW ON SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF HIGH RISE BUILDING WITH IS16700-2017
Dhvani M. Kantharia , Ass. Prof. Gunvant Solanki, Ass. Prof. Dimple Desai · P.G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, IN
low and mid-rise buildings the design criteria for tall buildings are different. National building code and
other Indian standard codes are not sufficient to adequately address various issues related to tall building.
Recently, BIS released the Code IS 16700: 2017 “Criteria for Structural Safety of Tall Concrete Buildings”
under CED-38 committee. In the design of tall building other parameters that need attention are; wind load
analysis using wind tunnel test, P-Δ effect, secondary effect like creep & shrinkage, and temperature. In
analysis for seismic loads few changes in comparison to IS 1893 part 1: 2016 are also reported. Modelling
of the tall building and changes in the design considerations are listed. Criteria for selection of foundations
are specified. The importance of non-structural elements is also specified and design guidelines based on
the sensitivity of the elements are provided. In this code has given response spectra for Equivalent Static
Method and Response Spectrum method separately for 6.0 s periods. Expressions are given for calculating
design acceleration coefficient (Sa/g), for Equivalent Static Method and Response Spectrum method
separately for Rocky/hard soils, medium soils and soft soils.
Keywords: Tall concrete buildings, IS 16700: 2017, IS 1893-2016, Code provisions, Design criteria, NonStructural Element, Building monitoring, Response spectrum
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-68BDC2
A REVIEW OF DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF VERTICALLY IRREGULAR RC BUILDING
Imdadhusain Momin , Aditya Bhatt, Anuj Chandiwala · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India, IN
building frames. Criteria defining vertical irregularity as per the current building codes have been
discussed[1]. A review of studies on the seismic behaviour of vertically irregular structures along with their
findings has been presented. It is observed that building codes provide criteria to classify the vertically
irregular structures and suggest dynamic analysis to arrive at design lateral forces. Most of the studies
agree on the increase in drift demand in the tower portion of set-back structures and on the increase in
seismic demand for buildings with discontinuous distributions in mass, stiffness, and strength. The largest
seismic demand is found for the combined-stiffness-and-strength irregularity.
Keywords: Mass Irregularity, Set-back Structure, Stiffness Irregularity, Strength Irregularity, Vertical Irregularity
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-553ED3
A REVIEW ON COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF SEISMIC DESIGN OF TALL STRUCTURE USING IS AND EURO CODES
Vatsal patel , Palak Trivedi, Anuj Chandiwala · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India, IN
torsion and furthermore subjected to variety of loads in which seismic loads are dominating.
Developing nations like India we need to adopt some standards. The BIS recommended IS 456:2000
and IS 1893(Part-1)2002 likewise European standard recommended EC2 and EC8 for Design of
concrete structures and Design of earthquake resi stant structures respectively. The study focuses on the
comparison of certain critical points: recurrence periods; seismic zonation & ground motion parameter
values; shape of the response spectrum; soil amplification; seismic force-resisting system; story drift
limits; procedures for seismic analysis. The response spectrum and seismic parameters of IS 1893
(part-1)2002 & EC8 were considered for the horizontal load action with different load combinations.
Response spectrum analysis and equivalent lateral force analysis were performed using “ETABS 2016”
software package. Different seismic codes determines distinctive parameters so that clearly, it’s
performance differs as per different codes. Hence, it is important to do comparison in order to assess
which building performs better. However, EC8 provisions were considered to be safer.
Keywords: Shear force, Bending moment, Torsion, IS 457-2000, IS 1893(Part-1), Euro code 2, Euro code 8, Response spectrum, Story drift
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-58BB4C
A REVIEW ON OPTIMIZATION OF CONCRETE USING PACKING DENSITY THEORY
Uplax Kyada , Abhishek Raturi, Yati Tank · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India, IN
of aggregates is advantageous for economical and technical reasons. Packing of an aggregate blend is a
measure reflecting how solid part and air voids would share the volume occupied by the blend. It is usually
measured in terms of ‘‘packing density”. Given a unit volume filled with particles, packing density or
packing degree is the volume of solids in this unit volume and is equal to one minus the voids. Lesser the
voids lesser will be the requirement for cement paste and thus the defects arising in concrete attributed to
cement paste can be mitigated to a certain extent. Packing density is a function of gradation, shape of the
particles, texture of aggregate surface, type and amount of compaction effort, aggregate strength, layer
thickness. Some general guidelines such as ACI 211 – ASTM C 33, Compressible Packing Model, Shilstone,
18-8 specification, based on field experience, have been developed. One is intended for users of the ACI
211 – ASTM C 33 method who want to optimize aggregate proportions. The other is intended for eventual
users of the Compressible Packing Model. CPM is more complex and requires more testing than ACI 211 –
ASTM C 33. As a result, it might not be the preferred procedure for some users. ACI 211 - ASTM C 33 is
focused on the proportioning and optimization of aggregates. A detailed comparison can be done using
different proportioning guidelines for optimization of concrete.
Keywords: Packing Density, Strength, Compressible Packing Model, Aggregate packing
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-C0E482
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON RUBBERISED CONCRETE
Neel gajera , payal patel, Hardik patel · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India., IN
is third most important resource used by humans after air and water. The most commonly used coarse
aggregate is crushed rock ballast. The manufacture of coarse aggregate by crushing rock ballast causes
environmental pollution. Now a day there is a scarcity of coarse aggregate due to increase in cost and
infrastructural growth. This mainly directed towards exploring the possibilities of making effective use of
alternative materials. In many research tyre rubber is used to replace course aggregate. The present study
is to produce rubberized concrete by partial replacement of course aggregate. The purpose of this study is
to see the behavior of concrete with different proportion of scrap tyre rubber. For that concrete mixed with
scrap rubber on different proportion of course aggregate and, compressive strength for
7days ,14days,28days and other mechanical properties measured. It has been observed from the previous
research data that the overall strength concrete decreases as per the rubber particles increases when
compared to ordinary concrete . Rubberized concrete mixes may be suitable for structural and
nonstructural purposes such as lightweight concrete walls, building facades and architectural units. The
crumb rubber with concrete will find new areas of usage in highway construction as a shock absorber, in
sound barriers as a sound absorber, and also in buildings as an earthquake shock-wave absorber.
Keywords: waste tire , crumb rubber , concrete , coarse aggregate , strength properties, waste disposal
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-C62273
A REVIEW ON STRENGTH ASSESSMENT OF GREEN CONCRETE USING DIFFERENT ADMIXTURES
Yash Photographer , Yati Tank, Grishma Thaker · M.Tech Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India, IN
sustainability goal at the developing stage of any country. If measures to minimize and handle the C&D waste are not
developed and efficiently adopted, it may threat the environment as well as sustainable movement of Indian
construction industry. C&D waste in India in 2010 may be estimated as 24 million tonnes. Owing to growth in
construction in India, it is appropriate to link generation of C&D waste with the growth. Also the demolition of older
structure may have concrete waste, which is deposited anywhere and put the adverse effects on the environment. By
adopting waste concrete debris as recycled concrete aggregate (RCA), the conservation of natural resources and cost
effectiveness in construction may be achieved. In the present study, an attempt has been made to study the various
research papers related to RCA as a partial replacement of normal coarse aggregate (NCA). Also, the papers
introducing the mineral admixtures such as, cow dung ash, fly ash, marble dust, etc. as a partial replacement of
cement have been studied. And the fruitful concluding remarks have been made. Also, the paper provides an overview
of the construction industry in India.
Keywords: recycled, C&D, cow dung ash, fly ash
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-A97CB7
AN EXPLORATORY STUDY ON ENHANCING STABILITY OF BLACK COTTON SOIL BY BIO-ENZYME: RENOLITH FOR SUBGRADE AND FOUNDATION
Mehul Patel , Abhishek Raturi, Grishma Thaker · Civil Engineering Department, Chhotubhai Gopalbhai Patel Institute of Technology, IN
cotton soil. This soil shares 15-20% of all Indian soil and covers vast area of construction from
roads to heavy building construction. The major reason attributed to the poor behaviour against loading
and very low strength is due to presence of huge quantity of montmorillonite mineral, which is
responsible for excessive swelling in wet conditions and shrinkage cracks in summer as each of the
mineral component can hold 200A of water layer.
As the performance and economic feasibility are the most important features of any project on soil, thus in
this study, we aim to develop such alternative solution for improving locally available clayey soil
suitability in terms of its UCS and CBR value at corresponding OMC and MDD values. Also the effect on
Atterberg’s Limits on soil samples mixed with additive such as Renolith shall also be analysed to observe
the change in plasticity characteristics. Renolith is neither corrosive nor combustible polymer product and
is fluidic white polymer which is soluble in water used to enhance the bonding with soil and cement by
forming Nano rubber bands between particles resulting in forming a strong bond that enhances strength,
flexibility and permeability to the stabilized soil.
Keywords: Soil stabilization, Black cotton soil, Renolith, California Bearing Ratio test, Pavement Subgrade, foundation
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-F02204
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRIAL STEEL STRUCTURE BY USING BRACINGS AND DAMPERS UNDER WIND LOAD AND EARTHQUAKE LOAD: A REVIEW
Manish Chauhan , Payal Patel, Aditya Bhatt · M.Tech student, Department of Civil Engineering, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, Gujarat, India, IN
wind in addition to gravity loads. If the industrial steel structures are not designed to resist the lateral loads,
then they may be collapse resulting into the loss of life or its content. Earthquakes create vibrations on the
ground that are translated into dynamic loads which cause the ground and anything attached to it to
vibrate in a complex manner and cause damage to buildings and other structures. Conventional strategies
of strengthening the system consume more materials and energy. Alternative strategies such as passive
control systems, dampers which are found to be effective in reducing the seismic and other dynamic effects
on civil engineering structures. Plan bracing is perhaps the most obvious way to prevent lateral buckling of
a compression flange.
Keywords: Bracings, Dampers, Time history analysis, Time period, Base shear, Lateral displacement, ETABS software
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-DE8B34
A REVIEW PAPER ON DEVELOPMENTOF FRAGILITY CURVES FOR PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF RC MOMENT RESISTING FRAMES
Vibhendu kanthariya , Bansari mor, Palak Trivedi · Civil Engineering Department, Chhotubhai Gopalbhai Patel Institute ofTechnology, IN
resisting frame building. fragility curves provide the conditional probability of structure response when earth quack
load as a fraction on ground motion intensity or another parameter. seismic fragility curves are used for the preearthquake planning and post-earth quack program and also retrofitting program. The objective of study is
the reliability assessment of the case study for the building to earth quack loading. through the development of
fragility curves. in fragility evaluation for first time and demonstrate its computational efficiency compare to
computationally intensive Monte Carlo method. fragility curve of an RC frame is developed using high dimensional
modal representation (HDMR) response surface method. There are also other simplified approaches which are
computationally easy for fragility curve development. Cornell proposed such a simplified method which assumes a
power law model between the damage parameter and intensity measure of earthquake.
Keywords: Earthquake engineering, Fragility Curves, seismic Analysis, Ground Motion, Non-linear static Analysis
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-91E3B9
SEISMIC EFFECT OF SOFT STORY AT DIFFERENT LEVEL IN VARIOUS CONFIGURATION OF TALL BUILDING: A REVIEW
Ankita M. Rudani , Hitesh K. Dhameliya, Krutarth S. Patel · P.G.Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadiya Univertsity, IN
RC tall buildings with soft story are usually constructed in many countries where the soft story is constructed without
infill walls at different levels. Such buildings have performed poorly during moderate shaking in the past. The
existence of infills in upper stories makes them extensively stiffer as compared to the soft story. As a result, the soft
story columns are inadequate to resist high ductility demand. For that lateral load resisting systems for tall buildings
were developed. These systems are developed to deal with gravity loads and seismic activities. This paper reviews about
seismic effect of soft story and structural systems for tall buildings. Different types tubular systems such as framed
tube, braced framed tube, bundled tube and tube-in-tube systems are explained. Here, preliminary design methods
are explained for analysis of various systems for 20 to 80 story buildings. It is remarked that it is needed to observe
seismic effect of soft story on tall building with different configuration of tubular system.
Keywords: Vertical irregularities, Soft Story, Tall building, Seismic Effect, Story Stiffness, Structural Systems, Tubular systems
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-36B115
SEISMIC RESPONSE OF BUILDING HAVING IRREGULARITIES UNDER UNI-DIRECTIONAL & BI-DIRECTIONAL FORCES: A REVIEW
Shital P. Kakadiya , Krutarth S. Patel, Hitesh K. Dhameliya · P.G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadiya Univertsity, IN
can be resolved in two horizontal (x and y) and one vertical direction (z), with rotational ground motion
neglected. In seismic design code (IS-1893(Part-1)-2016) recommendation given are simultaneous effect of
two horizontal component of earthquake excitation is considered by applying 100% of earthquake force in
the direction of building in main axis & 30% of those forces in another axis. While in reality the direction
of the dominant component of excitations might not be one of the main directions of the building axes.
Hence in this research work the response of building with different irregularities subjected to unidirectional & bi-directional earthquake forces have been obtained by considering arbitrary excitation angle
of the ground motion. A set of value from 0 to 360 degree with different degree have been used for angle of
excitation & find out critical angle.
Keywords: Angle of excitation, uni-directional and bi-directional force, seismic performance, irregularities
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-60F1F7
REVIEW ON OPTIMIZATION OF STRUCTURAL DEVELOPMENTS FOR HIGH RISE- STEEL BUILDINGS: THE CASE OF DIAGRID
Kinjal P. Patel , Ass. Prof. Hardik Patel, Ass. Prof. Hitesh K. Dhameliya · P.G. Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, IN
structural system of high rise steel buildings. In structural systems, Diagrid system in high rise buildings are very
popular among engineers and architects. It is important to study diagrid structures under lateral loads such as wind
load or seismic load. It has played a major role due to their inherent aesthetic quality, structural efficiency and
geometrical versatility. Form the study it was analysed; all diagrid models had an exhibited problem concerning
stability of interior columns and local flexibility. To overcome problem; this paper was review about diagrid
configurations, geometrical patterns, design and construction methods for diagrid node under wind or seismic loading.
This study was gives good indication on preliminary design of diagrid structural behaviour and efficiency under
various parameters are presented.
Keywords: high rise steel building, diagrid structural system, lateral load resistance, geometrical patterns
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-48109E
SEISMIC ANALYSIS FOR STEEL BEAM TO COLUMN JOINT CONNECTION: A REVIEW
Maitik Vadadoriya , Grishma Thaker, Minu Tressa · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India, IN
moment resisting frame. Their beneficial strength to weight ratio as well as bending, compression and
torsional resistance increase the versatility of moment frames and potentially improves performance under
earthquake loads. With an understanding of current design requirement for seismic moment connection
and static beam to column connection. Fully welded unreinforced connection are explored through finite
element analyses. However, performance is limited due to column face plastification and inability to
develop the plastic moment capacity of the beam. To rectify this problem through plate and external
diaphragm plate beam to column moment connection are analysed. Several important geometric
parameters such as the beam width-column width ratio, beam thickness-column thickness ratio, plate
length and plate thickness are considered to understand their effect on the connection moment capacity
and sources of inelastic rotation. The through plate and external diaphragm reinforcement greatly improve
the connection behaviour moving yielding away from the column face and into the beam member. The
results from the reinforced connection are used in combination with current seismic design provisions to
develop a design procedure that optimizes the performance of these connections. The reinforced
connection can be detailed to develop plastic hinging in the beam member while minimizing the likelihood
of a non-ductile weld failure.
Keywords: castellated beam section, hollow structural section, rigid and semi-rigid connections, beam - column connections, design (structural design), bending moment, rotation, plastic hinge, structural analysis & design software
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-F10239
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF FLAT SLAB USING VARIOUS CODES: Review
Akash Galani , Maulik Kakadiya, Palak Trivedi · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, UTU, Bardoli, IN
from the slab is directly transferred to the columns. Large bending moment &shear forces are developed close to the
column. These stresses brings about the cracks in concrete & may produce the failure of slab, thus there is a need to
provide a larger area at the top of column called as column head/ capital. Absence of beam gives a plain ceiling, thus
giving better architectural appearance. Plain ceiling diffuses light better, easier to construct and requires cheaper
form work. As per local conditions and availability of materials different countries have adopted different methods for
design of flat slabs and given their guidelines in their respective codes. The aim of this paper is to analyse the flat slab
in India followed by a review of design methods for flat slab structure designs based on IS: 456-2000 and ACI-318-
2008 design codes, with ETABS Programming for the easy application for the design of flat slab.Bothcodeshave
specified the fixed coefficients for lateral and transversedistribution of moments as per direct design method
andequivalent frame method. The paper aimed to check whether those moments remain the same when we analyse the
flat slab usingETABS software.
Keywords: Flat slab, IS 456-2000, ACI-318-2008, ETABS SOFTWARE
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-3BBD40
A REVIEW ON PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF RC MOMENT RESISTING ASYMMETRIC FRAME DESIGNED USING INCREMENTAL DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
Khyati Patel , Palak Trivedi, Jasmin Gadhiya · Civil Engineering Department, Chhotubhai Gopalbhai Patel Institute of Technology, IN
in seismic design of Civil Engineering structures, new seismic design provisions require Structural
Engineers to perform both static and dynamic analysis for the design of structures. There are so many
methods are evolved to evaluate the seismic capacity and demand of the structure for different seismic
excitation. One of the common method used for evaluation of the capacity of the structure is incremental
dynamic analysis. Now a day, Incremental Dynamic Analysis (IDA) is emerging as an accurate tool to
estimate the capacity of the structure. It involves subjecting a structural model to a number of groundmotion records, each scaled to low severity to high severity.
This parametric study involves safety consideration of RC frames with variation in demand. The
behaviour and performance level of the structure in different seismicity have been studied. The results
have been compared on basis of base shear versus roof displacement graph, inter-storey drift ratio and the
hinge formation mechanism. The study will illustrate the behaviour of the structure for seismic actions and
the performance and damages to structure will be acquired. The results will show the proper response of the
structure under different seismic loads.
Keywords: Earthquake, Ground Motion, Incremental Dynamic Analysis, RC Moment Resisting Irregular Frames
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-ED1AC3
REVIEW PAPER ON BEHAVIOR OF DIAGRID STRUCTURAL SYSTEM FOR HIGH RISE BUILDING
Jigar Nakrani , Aditya Bhatt, Jasmin Gadhiya · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, CGPIT, Uka Tarsadia University, Bardoli, Gujarat, India., IN
increasing, these buildings are affected by lateral loads due to wind and earthquake. There are many types
of lateral load resisting structural systems for tall building such as rigid frame, shear wall, wall-frame,
braced frame, dia-grid structure, tube system, outrigger, and core structure. Dia-grid structural system
have emerged as one of the most innovative and adoptable approaches to structuring buildings in recent
time. Dia-grid structural system is adopted for high-rise building because of its structural efficiency and
flexibility for planning. Dia-grid stability systems hold great potential for future that wish to merge
architecture and engineering in a compelling way as their execution. Dia-grid is structural system which
resists the lateral forces by axial action of diagonal provided in periphery. The lateral displacement in X
and Y direction for dia-grid structure is significantly less as compared to conventional structure, Hence the
overall displacement of the structure can be effectively controlled by adopting dia-grid structure. Dia-grid
structural system do not required any interior core to resist the lateral load because lateral load is resisted
by the peripheral diagonal columns. Dia-grid structural system has emerged as a better solution for lateral
load resisting system in terms of lateral displacements, steel weight, and stiffness. This paper represent the
development and research work done on the seismic analysis, methodology of preliminary design,
efficiency and effectiveness of dia-grid structural system.
Keywords: Tall Building, diagrid structural system, optimal angle, Stiffness based design, Seismic performance
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-EACE63
EFFECTIVENESS OF STEEL PLATE SHEAR WALL FOR MULTI STOREY BUILDING
Viram Dholia , Bijal Chaudhari, Payal Patel · Civil Engineering Department, Chhotubhai Gopalbhai Patel Institute of Technology, IN
system. In recent years. Steel plate Shear walls are vertical elements of the horizontal force resisting
system. Steel plate shear walls have been used more and more in the steel Structures to resist earthquake
and wind forces. This system offers several advantages as compared to the other usual lateral load resisting
systems. Steel saving speed of erection, reduced foundation cost, and increased usable space in buildings
are some apparent advantages of the steel plate shear walls. Steel plate shear walls also provide major
stiffness against building storey drift for the multi storey building. In this review describes the analysis and
design of multi storey building frame with Steel plate shear wall (SPSW). In this review equivalent static
analysis is carried out for steel moment resisting building frame having (G+6) storey situated in zone V.
The analysis and design of steel plate shear wall and the multi storey building are carried out using
Software E-TABs 2016. In this review comparatives study of Steel plate shear wall and frame without shear
wall has been taken. The main parameters considered in this review are to compare the seismic
performance of buildings such as; bending moment, shear force, deflection, time history, storey drift, base
shear. The result from Steel plate shear wall review is that the steel plate increases stiffness of the
structure.
Keywords: steel plate shear wall, seismic force, reduced foundation cost, E-Tabs, time history, storey drift, (G 6) storey situated in zone V
Vol.4, Issue 13 · Issue 13 2018 · ID: IJT-2022-7660E7
TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS OF ECCENTRICALLY BRACED FRAMES AND BUCKLING-RESTRAINED BRACED FRAMES: A REVIEW
Kapilkumar Viradiya , Minu Treesa Abraham, Yati Tank · M.Tech student, Department of Civil Engineering, Uka Tarsadia University, Surat, Gujarat, India, IN
structures or in retrofitting to resist ground motion. Application of bracing system is mostly seen in western
countries, to resist seismic loads or ground motions. Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames (BRBFs) and
Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBFs) are generally used to provide bracing system. Design EBFs & BRBFs
we need ground motion data or perform earthquake analysis. In previous years seismic analysis is done but
comparison of Time History Analysis for both bracing systems are not done. In simple language time
history analysis is step by step analysis of the dynamical response of structure to a specified loading that
may vary with time and it can linear or non linear. BRBFs are nothing but just a special case of
Concentrically Braced Frames (CBFs) and EBFs are similar to CBFs just difference is at junction of two
braces in CBFs there are no spacing or link between them but in EBFs there is a link of specific length as
per section property. As per opinion of previous researchers, both BRBFs and EBFs are suitable to resist
lateral loadings or in retrofitting. In this paper, previous researches on BRBFs, EBFs and Time history
analysis are thoroughly studied and compiled.
Keywords: Buckling-Restrained Braced Frames (BRBFs), Eccentrically Braced Frames (EBFs), Time history analysis, ground motion data, linear, non linear, earthquake analysis
