Archives

01

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-2FBBB3

Study of LULC change due to sand mining in Yamunanagar, Haryana using Geospatial Techniques

Rajan Dabral · PEC Chandigarh, Punjab, India, IN

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Abstract Sand mining is the activity of removal of sand from rivers, streams and lakes. Mining of sand can be done by various methods such as skimming, dry and wet pool mining, bar excavations and scalping. This mining activity causes negative impact on the environment depending upon the methods of mining used and the geology of the mining area. Mining activities leads to many serious environmental hazards such as soil pollution, deforestation, water pollution, depletion of ground water table etc. Present study has been carried out in Yamunanagar district of Haryana state for the assessment of changes in land use/land cover pattern with the
help of remote sensing and GIS by using Landsat 8 satellite data. Two images of 2016 and 2019 were used to assess the change in land use. Supervised classification of the study area was done by ERDAS IMAGINE 2014 and land use/ Land cover maps were generated with the help of ARC GIS. Accuracy assessment was done in ERDAS IMAGINE. Study area was divided into 5 different land use classes. Changes in the land use / land cover like drastic reduction in sand area, increase in open area and reduction in green land and built up area was observed.

Keywords: GIS, LANDSAT 8, ERDAS, Remote sensing, Sand mining

02

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-5A6861

Implementation on Iridology Based Alzheimer’s Disease Detection Using Image Processing

Ms. Nilofar E. Chanda , Mr. Vikas. R. Marathe · N.B. Navale College of Engineering, Solapur (413304), Maharashtra, India., IN

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Abstract Alzheimer’s disease is an illness of brain which affects the memory, thinking capability and behavior of person. It is named after Alois Alzheimer, the German doctor who has described it in 1907.The brain cells eventually die and this means that information cannot be remembered. As Alzheimer’s disease affects each area of the brain that causes a slow decline in memory, thinking and reasoning skills. As there is no cure system available for this disease, but early effective detection of disease can slow down the progression of disease. Several techniques are available like MRI scan, CT scans, PET scans; these can help to detect the Alzheimer’s. A new innovative technique based on iridology is proposed in this paper. This paper presents a specific pattern which will be used to determine existence of Alzheimer’s disease. The adaptive pattern recognition technique can lead to achieve better than 75% accuracy; which was last milestone. A good resolution image can give better results while blur; ambiguous image can degrade performance of pattern recognition of
technique.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, Alois, Brain cells, MRI scan, CT scan, PET scan and Iridology

03

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-7022C7

Comparative Analysis of Different Lateral Load Resisting System for Geometrically Irregular Shaped High-Rise Building

Tej Paraka , N. G. Gore · Post Graduate Student, Department of Civil Engineering, MGM’s College of Engineering & Technology, Navi Mumbai, India., IN

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Abstract As the population is increasing tremendously with every passing year and the land available for use of habitation is the same as it was a decade ago. So, the only solution to the problem is vertical growth. Now this need for the increase in the vertical height of the buildings has made the buildings tall and slender. Since buildings are getting taller and slender the primary concern of design engineers is shifting from gravity loads to lateral loads. The effect of lateral forces becomes more and more dominant as the building becomes taller and taller. Thus, to boost the performance of the structure under various lateral loading such as in wind or earthquake, lateral load resisting structural system plays very efficient role. In present paper an investigation has been focused on performance of
different lateral load resisting structural system in geometrically irregular shaped high-rise building. Here, in this present work a particular 50 storey C shaped plan irregular building with different lateral load resisting systems are considered and four models are developed in ETABS software with codal provisions. These models are analysed for Static and dynamic behavior. Wind analysis and Response spectrum method is carried out. The Parameters discussed in this paper include Storey Displacement, Storey Drift, Base shear, Base moment, Time period and Torsion for static and dynamic behaviour of different lateral load resisting configurations.

Keywords: Lateral Load Resisting System, Response Spectrum Method, Wind Analysis, Geometrically Irregular, High-Rise Building

04

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-823C4C

Optimizing a Sensor Network for Structural and Usage Health Monitoring for a Tapered wing

Vishnu Raj , Antony Samuel Prabu G, Amogh Ballolli, Irfan Khan · Assistant Professor, Department of Aeronautical Engineering, MVJ College of Engineering, IN

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Abstract A damage detection and characterization strategy for engineering structures is referred to as structural health monitoring. Here damage is referred as changes to the material property of a structural system. The wing structure of an aircraft carries different load which should be monitored effectively to avoid the failure of the wing.This research is focused on structural health and usage monitoring of tapered wing of an aircraft, sensors are used to measure the strain. The research focuses on the location where we can place the sensors and optimize the network for sensor placement.

Keywords: Structural Health Monitoring, Tapered wing, Sensor Network, Modal Analysis, Fibre Bragg Grating Sensors

05

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-66F526

Temporal variation and prediction of air pollution: A case study of Ludhiana City

Ashish Gupta · Research Scholar, Civil Engineering Department, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh-160012, IN

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Abstract From the past few years more and more emphasis has been laid by the public on day to day air quality and the pollutant levels to which they are exposed. People are becoming more aware and concerned about their health thus a forecasting model is required which can predict the Air Pollution in future, so that we can implement strict rules to decrease the pollutant level. Data of 4 monitoring stations was collected from Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) and Punjab Pollution Control Board (PPCB) and temporal variations is figured out. Results show that concentration of air pollutants are higher in winters (December, January and February) and post monsoon period (September, October and November) in comparison to summers and monsoons. In order to predict the future air
quality annual average (2001-2018) of RSPM, NOX and SO2 had been examined and prediction of next 7 years (2019- 2025) air quality parameters is carried out. Time series analysis is used to forecast the future trend and it shows that the RSPM level will increase to significant level with maximum concentration going to 296.08 ppm by 2025 which is 5 times the NAAQS limits of 60 ppm. For NOx the concentration will be 42.04 ppm by 2022 thus exceeding the NAAQS limits of 40 ppm. The maximum error in forecasting by 2018 data by ARIMA is 2.06% for RSPM, 6% for NOx and 0.824% for SO2 in comparison to actual results of 2018.

Keywords: ARIMA, Time series, Temporal variation, Air pollution

06

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-2BC3CD

Optimization of Exhaust Manifold of a Multi Cylinder Engine using CFD

B. Akshay Kumar , Dr. S. Sunil Kumar Reddy · Department of Mechanical Engineering, SIETK, Puttur, Andhra Pradesh, AP-517583, IN

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Abstract Exhaust manifold of an internal combustion engine has a significant importance in improving the engine’s volumetric efficiency. Though the intake system dominates the cylinder filling process, exhaust system too have an equal importance in cylinder filling process. The volumetric efficiency of an engine directly depends on expel the exhaust gases, sucking of fresh charge for the effective combustion. The back pressure at the exhaust plays a significant role in exhaust system functioning. It should be as low as possible to have a better expel. In order to push out the exhaust gases effectively a well-designed manifold is mandatory. The work involves modelling and CFD analysis of flow through exhaust manifold in different models with geometrical changes of existing model and finding the flow characteristics to suggest the model with optimized back pressure at exhaust.

Keywords: Back Pressure, Volumetric Efficiency, Geometrical changes.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-F00FA7

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF TALL STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS FOR SEISMIC AND WIND LOADS

B M Sushma , B M Sushma, Dr. Chidananda G · M.Tech. Student, Structural engineering, B.I.E.T Davanagere, IN

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Abstract This paper investigates the performance of G+55 storeyed tall structures with different lateral load resisting systems for seismic and wind loads using ETABS 2016 (Version 16.2.1) software. Different lateral load resisting systems viz. Conventional moment resisting frame, Framed tube, Tube in tube, Bundled tube, Outrigger with belt truss, Diagrid and Braced tube are considered for the analysis. Seismic parameters such as storey displacement, storey drift ratio, storey shear, storey stiffness and time period are captured using Response Spectrum Analysis for seismic zone III (Moderate : Mumbai) considering IS 1893–Part 1 (2002) codal provisions. Further, Lateral displacements due to Wind Load Analysis are also determined as per IS 875– Part 3 (2015) codal provision considering a wind speed of 44 m/s for Mumbai city. For the considered plan, properties, dimensions of components and number of stories, all the tall structure models except Diagrid system resist the earthquake and wind loads safely. However, the tube tall structural systems viz. Framed tube, Tube in tube, Bundled tube and Braced tube are more efficient from the point of view of least displacement, least drift ratios and high stiffness, thus making them more stable than the other considered tall structural systems.

Keywords: Tall buildings, ETABS 2016, Response spectrum analysis, Wind load analysis, Tube structures, Diagrid structure, Outrigger with belt truss.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-5823F9

Effect of moisture content in soil on mass flow during landslides

Sayali R Belawadikar , D. S. Patil · Department of civil engineering RIT, Islampur, IN

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Abstract Landslide constitute a major natural hazard, which causes considerable loss of life and damage to human settlements, communication routes, cultivation and forest lands. Landslide involves mass movement such as rock fall, mudflows or debris flows. Excessive rainfalls are a major cause for such mass movements. However, landslide can also be triggered by seismic events and human activities. Shear viscosity of soil play a major role in the governing flow behavior and failure in soil. Knowledge of shear viscosity is important to understand the post failure flow properties in landslide. In a developing country like India, the susceptibility of slopes to failure has not been well mapped and prediction and early warning systems for disaster are not in place. There are some mitigation methods such as
geometric method in which geometry of general slope is engineered, hydrological method in which soil moisture is controlled, chemical and mechanical method where shear strength of the soil is improved or piles or reinforced ground to counteract destabilizing forces. The present study focuses on water content due to excessive rains on shear viscosity of the soil. This in turn will affect the stability of foundations of many a structures. Tests were done using fall cone apparatus. The fall cone apparatus used in experimental study was connected to potentiometer and high speed data logger to record continuous data. Tests were conducted on clay sample thoroughly mixed with water and then kept overnight to ensure proper mixing. Cone was permitted to fall freely and time-penetration data recorded by logger is used to calculate viscosity. Obtained values of viscosity were observed decreasing with increase in liquidity
index.

Keywords: Clay, Fall cone, Mass flow, Moisture content, Viscosity

09

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-99D796

A Study on Use of Moringa oleifera in Wastewater Treatment

Raj Kumar Verma · Department of Environmental Engineering, Punjab Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Chandigarh, India, IN

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Abstract This study aims to evaluate the potential of Moringa oleifera (Sehjan) plant parts (seeds and leaves) in suspended solids and Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) removal. When M. oleifera seeds were applied to wastewater, more than 99% turbidity removal and more than 96% suspended solids removal was observed. Reduction in total volatile solids of the order of 78% was achieved. BOD removal efficiency of the seeds was found to be low. Also, no change in pH was seen between control sample and those treated with M. oleifera seeds. In case of M. oleifera leaves, no positive results were obtained in any of the parameters tested.

Keywords: Moringa oleifera, oiled seeds, de-oiled seeds, M. oleifera leaves, Wastewater treatment

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-D3899F

A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF CONVENTIONAL AND PRE–ENGINEERED STEEL FRAMES

B M Akhilesh , Dr. Chidananda G, Raghu M E · M.Tech. Student, Structural Engineering, B.I.E.T Davanagere,, IN

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Abstract Conventional steel frames are low rise steel frames with roofing systems of truss and roof coverings. Standard hot rolled sections are used for truss elements which are usually much heavier than what is actually required as per the design. Pre–Engineered steel frames are the steel frames in which excess steel is tapered as per the bending moment requirements. In the present study, conventional (i.e. Pratt truss) and Pre–Engineered (i.e. portal type) industrial steel frames are considered for an industrial building located at Davangere City. Dead Load (DL), Live Load (LL) and Wind Load (WL) are applied on both the frames as per IS 875–Part 1 (1987), IS 875–Part 2
(1987) and IS 875–Part 3 (2015) codal provisions respectively. The developed 2D models of Conventional and Pre– Engineered steel frames are analysed using STAAD Pro. software for various load combinations as specified by IS 800 (2007). The members of both the frames are designed for the worst load combination as per IS 800 (2007) codal provisions. Total mass of the steel required for both the conventional and Pre–Engineered steel frames is calculated and cost comparison is made to check the economy achieved in using Pre– Engineered steel frames over the conventional steel frames. About 90,000 Rs. saving in material cost is obtained by erecting the Pre–Engineered steel frames than the conventional steel frames. Thus Pre–Engineered steel frames are preferred over the conventional
steel frames.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-506ECD

PERFORMANCE OF HIGH STRENGTH RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE USING METAKAOLIN

Ashish Kapoor , Abhishek Gupta, Dr. S.K. Verma · M.Tech Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Punjab Engineering College Chandigarh, India, IN

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Abstract — This present study aims to investigate experimentally the use of recycled aggregates in high strength concrete using metakaolin as a mineral admixture. In this study, the natural fine aggregates were replaced with recycled fine aggregates (RFA) at 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% while keeping a constant replacement of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) at 30%. The compressive as well as durability properties like acid resistance and sulphate attack have also been investigated. It was observed that the replacement of sand with RFA up to 10% gave higher strength than the normal control mix (NCM) in terms of compressive strength at later ages. The specimens exposed to sulphate attack also showed a similar trend in terms of compressive strength.

Keywords: recycled aggregate (RA), recycled fine aggregate (RFA), high strength concrete (HSC), durability, metakaolin, sulphate attack, acid resistance, compressive strength

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-E4B3C6

FEA FOR A SHEAR WALL BY USING SOLID 186 ELEMENT FOR DIFFERENT OPENING CASE

Mantoo Singh , Naresh Nischol Harry, Yeetendra Kumar Bind · PG Student Department of Civil Engineering Vaugh Institute of Agriculture Engineering and Technology, Shuats, Prayagraj Up India, IN

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Abstract This Paper Is Presenting Shear Wall Is Used To Resisting The Lateral Loads In Multi-Storey Building That May Be Induced By The Effect Of Dead Load, Wind And Earthquakes. The Study Show That Different Reinforcement Layouts Affect The Response Of The Wall And The Difference In Crack Width Is Mainly Due To The Boundary Reinforcement. In The Condition Of Crack Widths Calculated By Using The Information From Ansys Seem To Be Promising And Useful When Designing And Analysing Structures In Seismic Zones. Four Shear Wall Models With Different Opening Sizes Are Analysed. The Solid 186 Element Is Used For Different Opening Case And Shear Stress,
Shear Strain Analysis For Varying Load And Cycling Load. Due To Various Loading Defomation, Shear Sress And Shear Strain Produced. In Larger Opening Case All The Phenomenon Is More Than Smaller Open Case.

Keywords: Digital Prototype Of Shear Wall With Opening, Fea Of Solid186 Element, Ansys.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-2A6AFD

Comparative Study on Conventional Steel Building with Pre-engineered Building and Open Web Frame Building

Rajesh Chaturvedi , Rahul Sharma · Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, IPS Academy, Indore, IN

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Abstract The demand of industrial and warehouse building construction was increasing day by day with development of the industrial areas. Conventional practice of construction for industrial steel buildings was no sufficient to fulfil the demands. There was a requirement of speedy construction practice with economy. Preengineered buildings concept was fulfilling all the requirements against demand because of it offers fast construction (erection) with low cost as compare to conventional steel buildings.

In the present study total 72 steel frames are analyzed and designed as per the guidelines of Indian standards. There are three types of steel structures frames (conventional steel building frame, pre-engineered building frame and open web building frame) are selected for the study. To obtain the best optimized section number of frames are analyzed for varying span of (15m, 20m, 25m and 30m.) and varying height (6m, 7.5m, and 9.14m) for wind speed 39m/s and 50m/s. On the basis of analysis results a comparison is established between all the study frames.

Keywords: Conventional steel building, Pre-engineered building, Open web PEB building, Wind analysis, Seismic analysis, Vertical deflection, Lateral deflection, Steel frame weight.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-1F65EB

STATIC AND DYNAMIC ANALYSIS OF RCC T–BEAM BRIDGE WITH VARYING SPAN LENGTH AND SPEED OF VEHICLE

Abhishek Gupta , Dr. S.K. Verma · Student of Master of Technology in Structural Engineering, Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, India., IN

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Abstract Structures generally have two load kinds, i.e. static load and dynamic load. While most structures are built on the premise that all the loads given to the buildings are static and the dynamic load impact is ignored. But sometimes the reason for the catastrophe may be this characteristic of ignoring dynamic loads. Thus, for a different span of the bridge and different speed of the moving vehicle on the bridge deck, dynamic bridge deck analysis is planned.

In this study, the modeling of a T-beam deck slab bridge is done using CSiBridge. The static response of the T-beam deck slab bridge due to IRC Class 70R loading at one instant of time on bridge deck using CSiBridge has been calculated. The free vibrational characteristics of the T-beam deck slab bridge by determining the mode shapes and frequencies using CSiBridge has been carried out to find out the influence of span length on frequencies of the bridge. Further studied the dynamic analysis of T-beam deck slab bridge with emphasis on the evaluation of the dynamic response of bridge deck due to time-varying moving vehicle load is performed and the time-varying displacement and stresses were obtained. At last, the influence of factors like span length and vehicle speed on the T-beam deck slab bridge has been studied.

Keywords: T-beam deck slab Bridge, CSiBridge, Static Analysis and Dynamic Analysis due to moving vehicle load

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A182B7

Laboratory Investigation of Stone Matrix Asphalt Mixes Using Different Fibres

Swapnil Y. Rokade , Dr. P. L. Naktode · PG student, PG Coordinator, in Transportation Engineering & Planning, Department of Civil Engineering, SOET, Sandip University Nasik, Maharashtra, India., IN

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Abstract The concept of Stone Matrix asphalt which is also known as Stone Mastic Asphalt is used in Germany for the first time in 1960. The Stone Matrix Asphalt (SMA) is a mixture of gap-graded mix. SMA contain high coarse aggregate, fibre additives (may be natural or artificial) as stabilizers and high binder content. In this research work, the engineering properties of the SMA mix prepared with and without fibre has been studied. Also, the suitability of SMA mix in high temperature has been checked. The fibres used for this project is cellulose fibre. This project work was done for checking the suitability of cellulose fibre as stabilizer in the SMA mixture and to find out the stability and flow parameters of SMA and to find out these properties of SMA, various tests in laboratory was conducted. According to IRC-SP-79:2008 specification, the aggregate gradation is taken for the stone matrix asphalt mix and the binder content is varied as 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7% by weight of aggregates and fibre used is at optimum fibre content i.e. at 0.3% and 0.5% by weight of aggregate. Here binder used is VG 30 grade bitumen and filler used is stone dust.

Keywords: Stone Matrix Asphalt, cellulose fibre, stone dust, VG 30 grade bitumen.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A7B568

EFFECT OF STEEL FIBER ON PERFORMANCE OF HIGH PERFORMANCE FIBER REINFORCED CONCRETE

Hitesh Virdi , Abhishek Gupta, Dr. S.K. Verma · Student of Master of Technology in Structural Engineering, Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, India, IN

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Abstract Concrete is a brittle material. The present trend in concrete technology is toward increasing its strength and various properties like durability etc. to meet the demand of modern construction. The aim of this study is to see the effects of two different types of steel fibers in the concrete. In the present work, the Metakaolin were added in the percentage of 5, 10, 15 and 20 along with two different types of steel fibers in the percentage of 0.5, 1 and 1.5 to develop high performance fiber reinforced concrete. Result shows that there is minor increase in the compressive strength but major increase in flexural strength and split tensile strength after 28 days and 56 days of curing. It was also found that with increase in the fiber percentage, resistance towards acid attack and sulphate attack also increases.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-5960B6

Effect of Different Order on Characteristics and Implementation Cost of an IIR Butterworth High Pass Filter Using MATLAB

Amit Kumar , Rajesh Mehra, Srishtee Chaudhary · M.E Scholar, Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering, NITTTR Chandigarh (India), IN

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Abstract In this paper, different orders of the IIR Butterworth filter have been taken and realized. The performance of different order of the Butterworth filter has been analyzed in terms of stability, implementation cost, magnitude and phase response, pole-zero plot, step and impulse response and round off noise power spectrum. It has been studied that by changing the filter order there are variations in characteristics of the filter. By keeping order high, it was observed that there is an increase in the sharpness of the pass band and stop band interface as well as there is a reduction in the pass band and stop band attenuation but eventually, it increases the complexity of the system.

Keywords: IIR filter, filter order, Butterworth filter, Butterworth high pass filter, direct form-II IIR Butterworth filter, round off noise power spectrum of Butterworth filter, IIR using MATLAB.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-E36751

COMPATIBILITY AND EFFICIENCY OF NEW GENERATION SUPERPLASTICIZERS FOR DIFFERENT BRANDS OF CEMENT

Sudhakar G N , Rajendra T N · Assistant Professor Department of Civil Engineering, New Horizon College of Engineering, Bengaluru, IN

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Abstract In order to meet the performance requirements of the concrete for various infrastructure projects, concrete mixers have to be designed and produced using combinations of different cementitious materials with water and aggregate and chemical admixtures. The active constituent of concrete is cement paste and largely it determines the performance of the cement paste, also setting time acceleration or retardation can be achieved by the use of admixtures. In addition of some particular admixture may develop undesirable interaction between varying ingredients of concrete. Many times, addition of admixture beyond the certain limit may show incompatibility. Multiple brands of cement and admixtures are available in the market, these performance are not same in the
concrete for each and every brands of cement and admixtures even if quality and source of other ingredients of concrete if kept same, this has create a lot of confusion among the user about what types or brands of admixtures is used with what type or brand of cement and what should be the optimum dose of admixture. Common problem associated with incompatibility issue in flash setting, delayed setting, rapid slump loss, improper strength gain and cracking, These not only effect the strength of the concrete but also the durability of the structure, hence in this project we studied two different brands of cement (Birla super cement and Maha cement) with two types of admixture (Master Glenium sky 8221 and Master Rheobuild 1126 ND) available in the market is used to find the optimum
dosage and efficiency of admixtures, to achieve this marsh cone test has been conducted.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-80FF1F

COD Reduction and Decolourisation of Distillery Waste Water by Natural Adsorbent

Mr. M. P. Pawar , Dr. R. W. Gaikwad · PG Student, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pravara Rural College of Engineering Loni, Maharashtra, India., IN

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Abstract The capacity of Sugarcane Bagasse by hydrochloric acid or caustic soda on the elimination of heavy metal from aqueous solution was investigated. The experimental work was carried out at room temperature and the influence of pH, contact time and Bagasse mass was determined. Sugarcane Bagasse was found better treated efficiency by alkaline than chloride solutions. Distilleries generate huge amount of acidic, recalcitrant and colored wastewaters with high organic content. The dark brown color of distillery wastewater is mainly due to the high molecular weight organic compounds called melanoidin. Activated carbon is a well-known adsorbent due to its extended surface area, microporus structure, high adsorption capacity and high degree of surface reactively. Among the physicochemical treatment methods, adsorption on activated carbon is widely employed for removal of color and specific organic
pollutant. As contact time increase the adsorption of COD and decolorization also increase. The maximum adsorption is noticed at contact time of 3-3.5 hours. The percentage of COD reduction and decolorization as function of the pH for a mass of adsorbent made from bagasse of 10 g/L and a time of contact of two hours. The percentage of COD reduction and decolorization increases with the pH. The largest adsorption of each and every metal ion occurs at pH range between 5 and 6. The percentage of adsorption of distillery waste water color and, the mass of Bagasse varied from 2 to 20 g/L, the pH of the solution being maintained to 5 with a contact time of two hours.

Keywords: Natural Adsorbent, Sugarcane Bagasse Distillery spent wash, wastewater Treatment, Fenton reagent.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-881971

AN EFFECTIVE UTILIZATION OF NANO GRAPHENE OXIDE IN STANDARD CONCRETE

B. Radhamma , B. Lokeswar Reddy, V. Anujayasree · Assistant professor, Department of Civil Engineering, GATES, Gooty, India, IN

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Abstract Concrete plays a vital role in the construction field due to its versatile nature. It is a combination of cement, water, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. The application of nanomaterial’s in construction is a new alternative to enhance the mechanical properties of concrete. One of the most interesting nanomaterial’s which still require detailed investigation is nano Graphene Oxide (nGO). One of the advantages of the nGO is its easy dispersibility in water and other organic solvents. This remains as a very important property when mixing the material with concrete to improve their properties. On the other hand, in terms of electrical conductivity, nGO is often described as an electrical insulator. Our project shows how nGO can effectively utilized in ordinary concrete and compares the strength between standard concrete with and without nGO. The present experimental investigation was carried out on mechanical properties like compressive strength and tensile strength after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of curing. The mechanical properties are evaluated and get a conclusion that number of curing days increases, the strength of the nGO concrete is also increases. The durability of nGO is more
when compared to standard concrete.

Keywords: Standard concrete, nano Graphene Oxide, mechanical properties, compressive strength, tensile strength.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-7E1D69

Performance of Diesel Engine with Blend of Bio-Fuel

ANANDAM VENU , I. SATYANARAYANA, P.VIJAY KUMAR · Department of Mechanical Engineering Sri-indu Institute of Engineering & Technology, Hyderabad,Telangana 501510, IN

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Abstract Presently multi day the utilization of oil and diesel-based items are expanded to run the machines and motors. The most serious issue is to utilize oil and diesel is that they have restricted source and supply. To lessen this elective fuel is utilized, for example Bio energizes. Biodiesel are removed from transesterification procedure of consumable and non-palatable oil of vegetable and creature fat. It tends to be utilized in the diesel motor either as slick oil or as a blend of diesel fuel as mix. The properties of oil are contrasted and the trademark required for the fuel of interior burning motor and the properties fuel are contrasted and ordinary diesel fuel. The mixes of biodiesel with little substance instead of oil diesel can help in controlling air contamination and improving the execution without
influencing on motor power and economy. This undertaking comprises of thoughtfulness regarding procuring learning of planning of various mixes of biodiesel (B0, B10, B20, B30) utilizing from Mahua seeds, Mexicana seed with impetus EHN, unused creature fat, creature fat wit h impetus EHN, squander cooking oil and in this we evaluate motor testing with fumes gas investigation to get best biodiesel mixes results.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-6C9163

Estimation of Drought Intensities over States of India

ANKIT KUMAR DHIMAN · Department of Water Resources Engineering Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, India, IN

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Abstract In peninsular India, droughts are often observed as recurring events. They have interrelated impacts on the socio-political, socio-economic, and environmental conditions. The consequences of droughts are population shifts, alteration of the social structure, vast economic hardship, and notable environmental franticness. Most common drought impacts are degradation of farmland, significant increase in wind erosion, downfall in natural flora and fauna, spoliation of air quality, pest infestations, and stressed water supply. As tremendous economic, environmental and social impacts are associated with droughts, it becomes very important to have an early warning system, which can warn the local administration to take necessary strides ahead of time to tackle such circumstances.
The main purpose of this study is to propose a best way to estimate drought conditions in the states of India, which has faced serious water shortages in the past. This work presents innovative drought modelling procedures by taking into consideration the inherent uncertainty feature in drought evolution. To account objectively for the uncertainty: Time series trend analysis and probabilistic statistical methodologies were considered with a set of simplifying assumptions. The necessary formulations and their quantitative applications through numerical solution approaches were presented for identifying critical drought areas. Drought indices like normalized deviation, dryness index, standardized precipitation index (SPI) and Bhalme and Mooley index (BMI) should be applied on the meteorological data to quantify droughts. The results obtained from Probabilistic statistical analysis and drought indices then should be compared. The methodology considered results in explaining variation in the drought severity across the regions.
This work provides concrete solutions for designing an early warning system for drought prediction, as it is now known that which station is to be monitored while dealing with a particular region.

Keywords: Drought, Time series, Trend Analysis, Drought indices, Standardized precipitation index, Bhalme and Mooley Index

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-B779D1

BIG DATA MODELING OF THE OUTPUT OF SOLAR ENERGY FOR SMART GRID RELIABILITY

K.Teja deepika , T. Krishnakanth, G. Anil Kumar Reddy, V. Sankar · M.Tech, Reliability Eng., Student, JNTUACEA, A.P, India, IN

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Abstract A Smart Grid is an electricity grid that improves the power generation, distribution of power, and electricity consumption through the introduction of IT on the electricity grid. All this will cause vast data that will have to face by the energy companies. By using Big Data technologies, suitable solutions for utilities is offered, but it is critical to decide to use particular Big Data technology. The reliability of Smart Grid depends on the characteristics of both the demand (load) and the generation. The power generation by the conventional sources, such as thermal power plants is relatively stable and easily estimated. However, the power generation by renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, is very dynamic and difficult to predict as it depends on the weather conditions. It’s very challenging to have a reliable smart grid under these unpredictable dynamic power generation, especially when the share of the power generated by solar increases. For a long time solar radiation predictions are done using MATLAB, the prediction of solar power using Big Data is a new methodology. In this paper using Big Data, Solar power is predicted with solar radiation as input variable. The Generation Patterns are observed in Tableau. Modeled and trained the historical data by using R programming language. The power generated by
the solar plant, can be predicted using Regression Model and results obtained are presented and analyzed.

Keywords: BIG-DATA, Smart Grid, R programming and Tableau.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-F1EC44

Natural Adsorbent (Adsorption) for Removal of Heavy Metals from Waste Water

Sanjeev Jadhav , Dr. A. R. Warade · PG Student, Department of Chemical Engineering, Pravara Rural College of Engineering Loni, Maharashtra, India, IN

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Abstract Removal of heavy metals from wastewater is a major ecological problem. Adsorption process for the removal of heavy metal from synthetic wastewater by using low cost adsorbent (Sulphuric acid treated Sugar cane bagasse). It is cost effective method and also it do not cause the any type of environment pollution. Concentrations vary between 5 – 20 ppm. As concentration increases % removal decrease at particular stage after that rate of adsorption constant. The percentage of adsorption of each metal ion, the mass of Bagasse varied from 2 to 20 g/L, the pH of the solution being maintained to 5 with a contact time of two hours. Contact time on the adsorption of copper and nickel ions on the Sugarcane Bagasse was carried out at pH 5 with a Bagasse mass of 20 g/L while varying this parameter from 0.5 to 5 hours. The percentage of each metal adsorbed as function of the pH for a mass of untreated Bagasse of 10 g/L and a Natural Adsorbent, Sugarcane Bagasse, Heavy Metal Removal, Wastewater Treatment, Adsorption
Process. time of contact of two hours. The percentage of each metal adsorbed increases with the pH. The maximum adsorption
of each and every metal ion found at pH range from 5 to 6.

Keywords: Natural Adsorbent, Sugarcane Bagasse, Heavy Metal Removal, Wastewater Treatment, Adsorption Process.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-412744

An improved VSG control strategy at switching performance optimization for a hybrid AC/DC micro grid by using ANFIS controller

Mallela Anjali , N. Rajesh Kumar Gowd, P. Shashavali · M Tech Student, S. K. University College of Engineering and Technology, Ananthapuramu, India, IN

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Abstract In this paper an improved virtual synchronous generator control strategy is developed to optimize the switching performance from the grid tied mode to the islanding mode. The main aim of the controller to produce switching performance optimization in the hybrid ac/dc microgrid. In the conventional method several controllers used to reduce the switching frequency and the controller are like droop controller and pre-synchronize controller. The performance of a hybrid AC/DC coupled micro grid during the transition from the grid connected mode to the islanding mode based on a real system. By using this controller to improve the generator control strategy and synchronize the voltage and frequency. The performance of ANFIS controller base virtual synchronous generator control strategy evaluated by using MATLAB Simulink software.

Keywords: Hybrid AC/DC micro grid, Switching performance, Virtual Synchronous Generator, Pre- Synchronization, ANFIS Controller

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-604A63

ANALYSIS OF TUNED MASS DAMPER IN HIGH-RISE STRUCTURES

Md Taqiuddin , B J Chiranjeevi · M.Tech in Structural Engineering, Arjun College of Technology & Science Mount Opera Premises, Batasingaram, Hayathnagar (M) Hyderabad, Telangana, IN

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Abstract The present work aims to demonstrate the performance of building. Here, models of 15,25 and 40 storeys without and with TMD were prepared by considering symmetrical R.C moment resisting frame. Tuned Mass Dampers with varying mass ratio of 3% applied. Analysis of NLTH is done utilizing 1893:2002 for designing a RCMRF structure for seismic force and gravity load. It has been proposed to develop a suitable TMD that should be effective enough to reduce base shear, story drift, story displacement etc. for doing so optimal parameters of TMD where calculated using Den hutong's equation and parameters like frequency ratio, damping ratio, effective stiffness of TMD and effectual TMD damping. Using this parameters TMD was modeled in SAAP 2000 and result where
compared with TMD and without TMD.

Keywords: TMD, NONLINEAR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS, TIME HISTORY ANALYSIS, SAAP 2000

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-E5B732

Green Buildings for Environmental Protection

Dr. Geetha Varma V · Department of Civil Engineering, New Horizon college of Engineering, Bangalore., IN

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Abstract Promotion of green building construction is required to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions and to tackle global warming. The construction of green building is done by incorporating environmental considerations into every stage of the building construction. It deals with construction, operation and maintenance phases of building. The aim of a green building design is to save energy and water by adopting green techniques. The design of building also play an important role in the construction of green buildings. This paper is dealt with the concepts involved in the construction of green buildings.

Keywords: construction, design, energy, green building, techniques.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-3551B9

Analysis of Hydrological Variables using COPULA Models

AKSHAY KUMAR · Department of Water Resources Engineering, Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, India, IN

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Abstract For some last decades, copula functions are being widely used in many areas of human interest including environment, energy, risk management, physical and natural sciences. Copula functions are considered to be the strongest methods and one of the most advanced methods than create a model between multivariate dependent variables that held dependency between each other. These functions combined number of different variables possessing different types of cumulative distribution functions. To establish more effective results for joint distribution best fit copula function for two dependent variables can be computed. In country like India, usage of copula functions are still not popular in the field of hydrology. In this review paper, we mainly focused on the growth of copula
functions and their advancement in the areas of hydrological field. This review paper based on the applications of bivariate copula function by reviewing some of very important literatures based on copula function.

Keywords: Copula, Dependent structures, Hydrology, Marginal and joint distributions, Bivariate copula

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-267607

SITNIKOV FIVE BODY PROBLEM FORMING SQUARE CONFIGURATION UNDER PERTURBATION OF PHOTOGRAVITATION: AN ELLIPTIC CASE

Chandan Kr Singh , M.R. Hassan · Research Scholar of T M B U Bhagalpur, IN

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Abstract This paper deals with averaging the equation of motion of the elliptic Sitnikov restricted five-body problem when all the primaries as source of same radiation pressure. We assumed that the primaries are at the vertices of a square so the distances of the primaries from centre of mass are time depending. Next we have developed averaged equation of motion by applying the Van der Pol transformation and averaging technique of Guckenheimer and Holmes (Nonlinear Oscillations, Dynamical System Bifurcations of Vector Fields, Springer, Berlin (1983). In addition to the resonance criterion at the 3/2 commensurability we have chosen, is the angular velocity of the coordinate system. Furthermore we have linearized the equation of motion to obtain the Hill’s type equation, then by
using the Floquet’s theory (Jose and Saletan 1998) to find the approximate solution. Finally the solutions are obtained by the Poincare surface of sections. It is shown that chaotic region emerging from the destroyed invariant tori, can easily be seen for certain eccentricities.

Keywords: Sitnikov Problem, Square Configuration, Poincare Method, Average of Equation of Motion, Van der Pol transformation.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-BDF0BE

Fabrication of Fuel Flow Quantity and Quality Measuring Device

Kemparaju C R , Vinod Kumar G S, Manish.S. Neelgar, Nithin. R, Preetham. G, Sendeep. P · Asst. Professor,Mechanical Department, New Horizon College Of Engineering, Bangalore, IN

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Abstract The emanations from vehicles bring about increment of ozone depleting substances like carbon dioxide. One of the significant explanations behind expanded discharges is defilement of car fuel. The adulterant that is blended with petroleum and diesel by and large is lamp fuel. The motivation behind why lamp oil is picked as an adulterant is its minimal effort. This defilement brings about diminished execution and lifetime of motor and different parts of a car. Redirection of a lot of lamp fuels with the end goal of contaminated decreases its accessibility to the destitute individuals. So this has constrained them to utilize wood as an option in contrast to lamp fuel for their family unit purposes. This by implication prompts increment in a dangerous atmospheric devation by expanding air contamination and chopping down of trees. So to anticipate all these evil impacts, a way to deal with programmed fuel
debasement discovery and detailing framework is proposed

Keywords: Adulteration, Level Detection, Pollution, Automatic

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-AE3E70

An Analysis of Parking Facilities in Ch. Ranbir Singh OPD PGIMS, Rohtak

Rahul Bazad , Dr. Praveen Aggarwal · M-Tech Scholar, Civil Engineering, NIT Kurukshetra-136119, Haryana, India, IN

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Abstract Parking System may be defined as the system which provide sufficient parking space. Parking is influenced by the many factors. Rohtak is considered as the heart city of Haryana. It is famous for many things like PGIMS, M.D. University, Film and Television University, IIM and its culture. Rohtak city has developed in recent two decades. The population in urban areas is increasing day by day. It demands the need to provide proper public transportation and sufficient parking facilities. Rohtak has many schools, colleges, universities, private and government hospitals, shopping malls and other offices. Parking system in these areas is the need of hour. But it does not cater to the present need of facilitating a better parking system. as a consequence of this many traffic problems may be aroused such as congestion, delay, more emission of carbon, less space for parking, damage due to congestion in parking area, academic loss of students, wastage of time of patients and their assistants, doctors and other staff members. The oldest and famous
institution in Rohtak is PGIMS. It is a single health university in the whole state. There is also wastage of time and extra fuel as the drivers searches proper parking space to park their vehicles. It also disturbs the peaceful environment of the schools, colleges, universities and other educational institutions. It also causes to increase the temperature and environmental pollution which is a great concern for all humanity. In the present investigation, the parking facility at Ch. Ranbir Singh OPD, PGIMS University of Health Science is selected as study area which is facing severe problems of scarcity of the parking facility. In this research paper, the Parking Facilities in Ch. Ranbir Singh OPD PGIMS, Rohtak is analyzed and discussed according to which conclusions are made and key recommendations are given.

Keywords: Public Transport, Management, Parking Congestion and Parking Facilities

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-7B45E0

Optimization of Concrete Aggregates by Iteration method of Analysis Using Python Program

A. Shanmuga Reddy , K. Narasimhulu, G Mdhusudhan · M.Tech Student, Department of Civil Engineering, IN

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Abstract Concrete is an essential part of most of the civil engineering works. Aggregates are the main constituents of the concrete. An aggregate occupies about 70% to 80% of the total volume of the concrete and also they highly affect the fresh and hardened properties of the concrete. The concrete mix optimization implies selection of the most suitable cost of raw materials, quantity of aggregate packing, water and cement consumption. Optimization of aggregates can be achieved by using optimized techniques such as Maximum density line or Power curve, Coarseness factor chart, Fineness modulus and Surface area. By using optimization of aggregates technique we can reduce the cement content and also it gives the dense packing arrangement in between aggregate particles in total volume of concrete. Finally optimization improves the properties of concrete such as workability, durability, compressive strength and decreasing drying shrinkage etc,. This work also includes the development of computer based program
for calculating optimization of aggregate proportions of different sizes of aggregates used in concrete mix design by using optimized techniques. The optimized aggregates proportions are calculated by the use of iteration method. This paper most useful to calculate optimized combined aggregates mix proportions for generating optimized concrete by using computer based program.

Keywords: Maximum density line or Power curve, Coarseness factor and workability factor, Fineness modulus.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-CDAE0B

A Deep Machine Learning Neural Network for Real Time Object Classification using Keras & Tensorflow

Vaishali Urkud , Pankaj Pandey · Computer Science & Engineering, Oriental Institute of Science & Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, IN

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Abstract Every object has certain patterns with respect to their geographical architecture. Analyzing these patterns for tracking objects at real time is effective to contribute in artificial intelligence towards automation. There are various conventional methods have been introduced till now that recognize objects on the basis of patterns, Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) is one of them. But CNN is limited with certain objects because of analogous patterns of different objects. System confuses or does not work effectively when multiple objects are intended to recognize at real time. Tensorflow is most effective object detection API for identifying multiple objects at real time with high level of precision. It is used for both research and production at Google. Here the system uses tensorflow
and Keras for machine learning along with Deep Neural Network to recognize different kind of objects in a single frame. Keras is an open source neural network library written in Python. It is capable of running on top of TensorFlow, Microsoft Cognitive Toolkit or Theano. Designed to enable fast experimentation with deep neural networks, it focuses on being user-friendly, modular, and extensible. Proposed system uses python for fine tuning the algorithm for object detection with different kind of packages such as pillow, pandas-datareader, scipy and jupyter. System is intended to classify the objects with high level of accuracy with quick response.

Keywords: Tensorflow, Keras, Object Detection, Pattern Recognition, CNN, DNN, Python

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-D2EF05

Structural optimization of a aircraft’s fuselage using topology

Rajesh A , Dr. M S Ganesha Prasad · Department of Mechanical Engineering New Horizon College of Engineering Bangalore, India, IN

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Abstract The main objective of this paper is to provide an optimum preliminary basic design for the central part of the fuselage structure using the topology optimization method and to check whether the design is safe or not. Several loading cases like the aerodynamic loads, structural loads etc were considered for the analysis. The central part of the fuselage was modeled using CATIA and it was analyzed using ANSYS software for different parameters like material properties, loads acting on the fuselage etc.. And even the topological parameters were applied. After the 1st analysis or the 1st iteration the model was imported back to CATIA and the regions of low stresses were removed and again analyzed and after subsequent analysis or iterations a fuselage structure with optimum material, lower stress acting regions, optimized structural volume and few other desirable objectives are obtained. Later the analysis is done to get an optimized shape and size of the fuselage.

Keywords: Topology Optimization, Optimized Material, Subsequent Analysis

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-326455

UTILIZATION OF INDUSTRIAL CERAMIC SLUDGE FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABLE GREEN CONCRETE PRODUCTION

G. Nani Babu , K. Naidu, N. Mahesh · Assistant professor, School of Renewable Energy and Environmental, JNTU Kakinada, A.P, India, IN

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Abstract Ceramic Industry is the one of the Major Industry in India which comprising the present global needs of the People. In global level the ceramic sludge generated is about 22 billion tonnes. Whereas India contributes about 100 million tonnes per year. The ceramic sludge is disposing without proper treatment and dumped in low lying areas. Instead of filling in low lying areas, the ceramic sludge has good recycling value, and also the composition of ceramic sludge has similar properties of sand (Fine aggregate).

In this project the fine aggregate is replaced with the Ceramic sludge in the proportions of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% in producing M25 grade of concrete and is compared with the Nominal mix. For each mix a minimum of three cubes were casted and these cubes are water and acid- alkali curing for 28 days and then tested for compressive, tensile, flexural strength, durability of the concrete, acid and alkali attack test were performed.

The strength of the Nominal mix is obtained as 30.2 N/mm2 and the finally the replacement mix 30% of ceramic sludge with fine aggregate is about 41.2 N/mm2. These Green concrete has more eco friendly and less carbon emissions than the normal concrete mix. By utilizing waste as the replacement and recycling purpose we are conserving huge quantity of natural resources from destruction.
Buy Green – Go Green – Build Green for nature is a moto of this project.

Keywords: ceramic sludge, fine aggregates, coarse aggregates, cement, compressive strength, flexural strength, Green Technology

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-E77E50

Design Analysis and Comparative Performance of Variable Pitch Tube in Tube Conical Spiral Heat Exchanger

Sangram K Puhan , Kiran C More, Bhushan Rane · Postgraduate Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, DYPSOEA, Ambi, SPPU, Pune, IN

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Abstract Lower heat transfer rate in heat exchangers as a result of fouling is a common problem in process industry. Shell and tube heat exchanger are subjected to fouling as result of prolonged use as the materials get deposited on the heat transfer surfaces or wetted area of the tubes and also occupies more space. Fouling brings down the heat transfer rate and effectiveness of the heat exchanger. Requirement of heat exchangers used in process industry, chemical industry applications is that there should be no contamination and lesser fouling. The above problem is addressed in our project. The spiral conical tube in tube heat exchanger offers the best compactness although the pumping power required is slightly on the higher side. The spiral conical tube in tube heat exchanger design is a challenge to manufacture so also difficult to clean over time for maintenance. The problem of fouling is easily dealt with in the project, by addition of variable pitch where in the shape geometry of the spiral will be changed from a flat spiral to a conical frustum. The geometry of the tubes plays a significant part in design and development of the heat exchanger. Paper work discusses the design & analysis of inner and outer tube of the heat exchanger where in the copper tube is wound in a spiral shape and hot fluid is always passed from inside of spiral to outside of spiral, but path of the cold fluid be changed to attain the parallel flow or counter flow configuration. The modeling is done using Unigraphix Nx-8 and analysis has been done using Ansys work bench 16.0. Test and performance comparison has been done in counter flow configuration for three pitch positions namely 0 mm (close coil), 10mm and 20 mm respectively.

Keywords: Heat Exchanger, Parallel flow and Counter flow, Spiral Conical tube in tube heat exchanger, Variable pitch, Shell and Tube

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-50E9DE

Design Analysis and Comparative Performance Evaluation of Fin in Heat pipe

Abhimanyu P. Gupta , Jayashree P. Zope, Ravi Honnebagera · Postgraduate Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, DYPSOEA, Ambi, SPPU, Pune, IN

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Abstract Overheating is the most common problem in electronic components which leads to failure of electronic devices. Normally the fan assisted air cooling is used but limitations of air cooling to liquid cooling in many demanding applications proves that the liquid cooling is more effective and compact. Conventionally liquid cooling component cold plates that include tube embedded in plate aluminum vacuum-brazed and copper brazed types are common in use. Tube-in-plate cold plate materials consist of copper or stainless-steel tubes that are pressed into a channeled aluminium or copper extrusion or machined plate. These devices show moderate performance with high gradient of temperatures and poor performance with low gradients of temperature. Copper heat pipe with Sintered copper mesh with working fluid to be used in the copper heat pipe is ethanol -methanol (60-40 %) with filling ratio of 50 % of volume of heat pipe is used to develop the heat exchanger where in the evaporator and condenser ends carry helical fins in plain and staggered form. Paper work include selection of heat pipes, design, analysis and fabrication of heat pipe enclosure tower as to surface area and number of fins, steady state thermal analysis using Ansys workbench 16.0 is done. Test rig is fabricated and testing has been done by varying flow rate of water (medium for liquid heat load) and flow rate of air. The heat transfer rate, Heat transfer coefficient has been determined for individual cases and then later compared.

Keywords: Heat pipe, Liquid cooler, Plain & Staggered fin.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A1AAA8

Adsorption Kinetics, Isotherm and Equilibrium Studies of Nitrate, Nitrite, Ammonia and Phosphate from Synthetic Aqueous Solutions Using Fish Scales as Adsorbent

Veeravalli Preetham , G. Nani Babu · PG student, Environmental Engineering and Management,SREE, Institute of Science& Technology, JNTU Kakinada., IN

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Abstract Out of total water present on earth 97.5% is salt water and only 2.5% water is fresh water which is used for several recreational purposes which is getting polluted due the disposal of waste water directly in to the fresh water bodies. The effluents that are disposed in to the water bodies are from different sources i.e. from industries which are the major cause for the pollution of water bodies which release heavy metals and chemical wastes and the other major reasons for water pollution are effluents form the households and disposal of agricultural wastes directly in to the water bodies without treatment where major contaminants are Nitrates, Nitrites, Ammonia, Phosphates. The present study mainly focus on removal of four major pollutants from the agriculture wastes i.e. Nitrates, Nitrites, Ammonia, and Phosphates using naturally available Adsorbents with the process known as Adsorption. The adsorbents used in this study are Fish Scales and Hemi melon peels and several studies has been done to measure the efficiency of the adsorbents for the removal of contaminants such as Equilibrium studies, Kinetic studies, Isotherm studies. After complete analysis and studies the obtained results showed that 95% to 98% of the contaminants has been removed effectively with the adsorbent dosage varying from 0.2gm to 0.6gms and at the contact time varying from 0 to 110 min respectively.

Keywords: Adsorbent, Kinetic studies, Isotherm studies, Fish scales, Contaminants, Adsorption

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-25A83A

Fabrication of solar powered sugarcane cutting machine using chain saw

M.Mondru Epaenetus David , Dr.K.Prahlada Rao · PG Research scholar, Energy systems, Mechanical Engineering, JNTUA College of engineering, Ananthapuramu, Andhra Pradesh, India., IN

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Abstract In nowadays world there is more demand of sugar and its by-products. Sugar cane one and only the first industrial crop and labours required are more. Since 1600s the sugar cane crop was grown extensively till now, it has become a cash crop. From Caribbean to India and from sub tropical America it is grown .It is grown now extensively in LDC countries also. Around 20-30 million hectares is cultivated with worldwide harvest of million metric tonnes.IN India Maharashtra, U.P, Karnataka majorly cultivate these crops. But there is a huge scarcity of labors in India. Labor wages are increasing .The project aims to fabricate solar powered sugar cane cutting machine to reduce farmers effort and to save time and money. It I easy to operate, labors required is less, rugged in construction.

Keywords: Sugarcane cutting, agriculture mechanisation, low cost.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-0FF5F8

ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE GROWTH OF AQUACULTURE INDUSTRY

A. Kireeti , G. Nani Babu · PG student, Environmental Engineering and Management, SREE, Institute of Science & Technology, JNTU Kakinada, IN

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Abstract In the present study, Shrimp ponds are considered at Koduru village, near Gudivada, Krishna District. In the study areas Litopenaeus Vannamei Shrimp is being cultured. The water quality in the ponds were analysed during the culture period when water exchange is conducted every 15 days. During harvest time, entire pond is drained off and the water quality is also monitored during the harvest. The quantity of effluent generated during the harvest time is 1,31,625 m3 . Every fortnight water samples were collected at pond outlets and monitored the water quality parameters such as pH, DO, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD, Ammonia, Nitrites, Nitrates, Phosphates. The values are compared with the standard guidelines prescribed by the Coastal Aquaculture Authority (CAA). The project mainly focuses on the treatment of effluent by using Phytoremediation technique which is first of the kind to use aqua effluents for Phytoremediation practice. The variety of plants like Eichhornia Crassipes, Pistia Stratiotes, were used for demo and pilot scale experimentation purpose. The effluent or wastewater during harvest period is collected, a small quantity of wastewater or effluent is taken into a small container or tub an aquatic plants or species were introduced. The water quality in the tub was monitored initially, after 7 days, 15 days, 21days, 30 days for the parameters pH, DO, TSS, TDS, BOD, COD, Ammonia, Nitrites, Nitrates, Phosphates and the results were tabulated.
By using Pistia Stratiotes higher removal efficiencies of 91.54% for TSS, 64.01% for TDS, 93.3% for BOD, 94.68% for Ammonia, 78.9% for Nitrites, 82.9 % for Nitrates was achieved. The COD removal efficiency of 83.33% was achieved by using Eichhornia Crassipes where as 78.47% efficiency was achieved by using Pistia Stratiotes. The phosphates removal efficiency was 98.11% by using Pistia Stratiotes. The biomass gain for Pistia Stratiotes was 982 grams/m 2 whereas by using Eichhornia Crassipes was only 933 grams/m2. The biomass produced can be harvested periodically, which can be used in generation of biofuel, which is an environmentally friendly technology. Finally, the pilot scale experimentation is successful and achieved satisfactory performance along with growth of biomass.

Keywords: Phytoremediation, Litopenaeus Vannamei, Coastal Aquaculture Authority, Mangroves, Salt marshes

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-978763

Study of Soil Structure Interaction for Multistoried Framed Structure

Shivam Dwivedi , Yeetendra Kumar Bind, Arvind Kumar, Parah Salsabeel Jalal · PG Student Department of Civil Engineering, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences,Prayagraj,U.P,India., IN

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Abstract The structural behaviour depends on the types of soils, foundation type, length of span in the structure, storey number (10 storey and 15 storey) and load types to which is subjected to the frame structure. The differential settlement in buildings is responsible for changes in the forces in the framed structure and is an often lead to failures of the building. The settlement in clay soil soil is more prominent than any other soil like sand or stiff clay. So for the present study clay soil is selected for the settlement analysis of framed structure. In this present work finite element analysis of a 10 and 15 storey building was performed using geotechnical software Midas GTS NX in which soil is modeled as a continuum and structure software Midas GEN is used to model the framed structure. Study was performed using isolated and raft footing in the foundation. It is found that isolated footing is capable of reducing the immediate settlement up to some extent but it is not cost effective. The settlement results are compared with the theoretical methods of settlement calculation and found to be with in the permissible limit.

Keywords: Soil-Structure Interaction, settlements, stresses, Midas GEN, Midas GTS NX

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A41564

Evaluation of Diesel Engine performance parameters fuelled with blends of biodiesel obtained from waste sesame oil

Sanjay Kumar Yadav , Manoj Kumar, Neeraj Kumar · Department of Mechanical Engineering, SET, IFTM University, INDIA,, IN

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Abstract A large number of researchers are working on sustainable source of fuel because available source of sustainable fuel source is very limited. Cost of sustainable fuel is also increasing at the same time these conventional fuels polluting the environment too. Blends of Bio diesel obtained from waste or used vegetable oil has been tested for diesel engine without any change in design. Some of the significance factors which impacts the performance of diesel engine are efficiency’s, fuel consumption and power. In existing exploration different blends of biodiesel obtained from waste sesame oil and menthe oil has been explicated in V.C.R. diesel engine. The important intention of this work is to explore the effect of the blends B20, B40, B60, B80, B100 and pure diesel fuel on performance
characteristics of engine. Different Blends are prepared by mixing the Biodiesel obtained from waste sesame oil with virgin menthe oil volumetrically. Performance characteristics of engine has been observed for above mentioned blends at 0% load , 25 % load, 50% load, 75 % load and 100 % load. Performance characteristics of diesel engine in terms of brake thermal efficiency, brake power, brake specific fuel consumption and indicated thermal efficiency were presented graphically. This work describes that brake thermal efficiency, indicated thermal efficiency, brake power is less for blends of waste sesame oil biodiesel and pure menthe oil while Brake specific fuel consumption is higher as compared to pure diesel oil. Blend B20 can be use as fuel in agriculture sector

Keywords: Waste vegetable oil; Bio diesel; Diesel Engine; Seasme oil; Menthe oil; fuel

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-BED55C

“PRODUCTION OF GEOPOLYMER CONCRETE USING FLY ASH”

Mohd Faisaluddin , Dr. S.Kamal Mohammed Azam · Ph.D Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering Mewar University, Rajasthan, India, IN

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Abstract Concrete industry is growing rapidly. With it the availability of new materials for construction work is needed. Different types of concrete such as self compacting concrete, polypropylene fibre reinforced concrete is a new addition to it. In the present study an attempt has been made to produce geopolymer concrete by using fly ash and for activating it a solution of a combination of sodium silicate and sodium hydroxide of 8 M and 14 M is used.

Keywords: Geopolymer concrete, Molarity, NaOH Solution, Compression, Split Tensile, Flexural Strength

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-CC28FD

STRUCTURAL DESIGN & OPTIMIZATION OF AIRCRAFT WING SPAR

Antony Samuel Prabu G , N Vara Prasanth, Aasish T, B Vinay, Channamallikarjun · Department of Aeronautical Engineering & MVJCE, IN

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Abstract The ribs gives the proper aerodynamic shape to the wing. And spar will take most of the bending loads in wing structure. In the present work ribs, spars and wing structure is optimized for twisting, bending and axial loads in terms of size and shape for a particular 10 seater aircraft. CFRP is considered for the material configuration of the wing. Cruise load is considered for the analysis of the wing. Design has been made using Catia V5 R21 and Analysis has been carried out using ANSYS 14.5 workbench. The results are validated using standard design of the 10 seater Cessna 402 aircraft.

Keywords: CFRP-carbon reinforced polymer, Ribs, Spar, Cruise load, axial loads.

45

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-24F555

Evaluation of Multistorey RC Buildings with Openings on Sloping Ground

Renuka Biradar , Prof. M.B. Ishwaragol · Dept of Civil Engineering, BLDEA’S Dr.PGH CET Vijayapur, IN

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Abstract Base isolation tool has been extensively implemented for structure protection from seismic. It reduces the seismic demand rather than increasing the earthquake resistance capacity of the structure. In this present study ten storey building models with central openings (10%, 20% and 35%) on sloping ground 11.3o is considered for modelling. The models with fixed base and base isolated tools at base considered by using equivalent static analysis has been done as per IS 1893 (Part 1): 2002. And also pushover analysis has been done. Time period, base shear, displacement and storey drift results were discussed by using equivalent static and response spectrum method.

Keywords: Base Isolation, Seismic Demand, Earthquake resistance, Equivalent static analysis, pushover analysis, response spectrum method.

46

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-1EF302

OPTIMIZATION OF AGGREGATE GRADATION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON PROPERTIES OF M20 GRADE CONCRETE BY USING M-SAND

T.Suresh , P.Vijay kumar, Dr.K. Narashimhulu · PG Student, Department of Civil Engineering & Annamacharya institute of technology and science, Tirupathi,, IN

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Abstract The normal concrete having as a main constituent as aggregates because it occupying 70% of total volume of concrete. The aggregates are influence the concrete characteristics of fresh and hardened concrete. We use the binding material of the concrete is cement, which is taken up to 20% in the mixing of concrete. So due to the usage of high volume of cement, increases the cost of cubic unit of concrete. So in this reason we take a challenge to decrease the cost of concrete production by using optimization technique. In this technique we use combine gradation of aggregates, it will be reduce usage of cement in the production then decrease the cost of cubic unit of concrete. The optimization technique is obtained from maximum density line or power curve, coarseness factor chart, fineness of modulus and surface area. In this experiment uses to improve the arrangement of aggregate structure i.e, reduce the
gaps in the concrete structure. In this investigation, we know that it’s increases the density of concrete because of good packing arrangement of aggregates and also improve the characteristics of concrete like flow of concrete, water absorption, compressive strength.

Keywords: power curve, fineness of modulus, water absorption, compressive strength, Binding material

47

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-20E19E

Induced Noise Pollution in the Vicinity of Urban Roadways – (Delhi): A Review

Sameer Shakeel · PG student, Department of Civil Engineering, Al Falah University, School of Engineering and Technology, Al Falah University, Faridabad Haryana 121004, IN

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Abstract Noise can be defined as the level of sound which exceeds the tolerable limit and causes irritatibility. Uninterrupted exposure to immense limit of noise can cause intense stress on the nervous and auditory system. Prolonged exposure to enormous sound has been proved psychological and physical damage. Due of its displeasure and interference implications, noise effects the general well-being and adds up psychological stress of those disclosed to it. Noise is a big cause of irritation among the people. The major originators of noise are the noise of Industries, noise of Traffic & noise of Communities. Out of three parameters above, vehicular traffic noise is the source that affects the most. 70% of noise in traffic noise is contributed by vehicle noise. Exhaust systems and engine of vehicles, interaction between the vehicles, aerodynamic friction, road system, and vehicle interactions cause traffic noise. The
road traffic noise model development is the main concern of the study.

Keywords: Bitumen, FHWA, UMTA, EPA, HUD

48

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-21C50A

A PRELIMINARY STUDY ONPOLYPROPYLENE FIBRE REINFORCED CONCRETE

S M Hashmi , Dr. S.Kamal Mohammed Azam · Ph.D Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering Mewar University, Rajasthan ,India, IN

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Abstract A number of new generation concrete are marking their way in the construction industry such as nano concrete , bacterial concrete and shotcrete. Polypropylene fibre reinforced concrete is just a new addition to this group. Apart from providing strtregth to concrete this type of concrete is cost reductive and requires less manpower. In the present research work an attempt has been made to produce polypropylene concrete using fibres.

Keywords: Fibrereinforced concrete, polypropylene fibres, Compression, Flexural Strength

49

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-B04E2C

Data Analysis and Prediction of Diabetic Disease by Supporting Data Mining

Getaneh Ashenafi , Parma Nand, Eshetu Tesfaye · M. Tech, Computer Science and Engineering, School of Engineering and Technology Sharda University, Greater Noida, India, IN

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Abstract Diabetes is the world's prevalent and fast-growing illnesses. For all nations, it is the greatest health problem. Diabetes is regarded one of the deadliest and most chronic diseases causing blood sugar to rise. Diabetes is regarded one of the deadliest and most chronic diseases causing blood sugar to rise. If diabetes remains untreated and unidentified, there are many complications. The tedious process is defining outcomes in a patient's visit to a diagnostic centre and doctor's advice. The increase in approaches to machine learning, however, solves this critical issue. This study's motivation is to develop a model that can predict the probability of peak precision in patients with diabetes. For this research, we use data mining tools that WEKA. WEKA is machine-learning software. Weka has its working procedure. Machine learning classification algorithms; are used in this experiment to identify diabetes at an early point, namely Decision Tree, logistic function and Naive Bays. All three algorithms ' performances were assessed on multiple measures such as Precision, Accuracy, F-Measure, and Recall. Accuracy measured over cases classified properly and wrongly. Results achieved shows outperform of logistical feature with the greatest precision of 78.26 percent compared to other algorithms. These findings verified correctly and systematically using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curves. At the end the predication of each are attribute are registered.

Keywords: Diabetics disease prediction, Data mining, Classification, Logistic function, Naïve Bays

50

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-F9BF71

Experimental study of Effect of magnetic field on Refrigeration

Priyanka A. Dangle , Dr. N.C. Ghuge · PG Student Department of Mechanical Engineering, Matoshri college of Engg. And Research Centre Nasik, India, IN

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Abstract Magnetic cooling is a developing refrigeration innovation with potential to outperform the presentation of vapor compression device. It has been effectively connected in the cryogenic temperature ranges, where magnetic cooling gas liquefiers surpass the performance of conventional liquefaction system. Magnetic refrigeration innovation depends on the magneto caloric impact, a characteristics present in every single Magnetic material and alloys. In magnetic thermodynamic cycles, magnetization of a magneto caloric material is equivalent to the compression of a gas, while demagnetization is equivalent to expansion of a gas, while demagnetization is proportional to expansion of a gas, with a resulting lessening of the entropy. In these endeavor four arrangements of enduring magnet of 3000 Gauss field quality is presented at fixed detachment on the refrigerant liquid line (exit of condenser) of the VCC
arrangement. Effect of with and without utilization of magnetic field on execution of system is observed. Experiment is done on R-134a refrigerant. The net results are resolved for the COP of the VCC and a while later the correlation is completed for the system it was found that the compressor power required to run the compressor is diminished as consistency of refrigerant is decreases and as such the COP of system increases.

Keywords: VCC, Magnetic field, Magneto caloric effect, COP, Refrigerator.

51

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-FA24F3

An Efficient Mechanism to Provide Secrecy and Integrity of Sensitive Data in Cloud

M.V.S. Mahalakshmi , Sripada Rama Sree · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Aditya EngineeringCollege, Surampalem, JNTUK,A.P, IN

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Abstract Cloud computing is a fast growing technology which is a form of Internet based computing that offers shared computing processing resources which provide storage as the service to users on demand. Due to the storage of data at cloud server, the integrity of data which is stored at the cloud server is the basic consideration of the users, because there is a chance that the data stored at cloud server can be modified, attacked or damaged by the attackers. In order to avoid this, the proposed mechanism implements privacy-preserving public auditing scheme for regenerating code-based cloud storage. In this scheme TPA is used to maintain integrity of the data and proxy is usedto regenerate data blocks on corrupted servers during the repair process.

Keywords: TPA, Proxy, Regenerating code, privacy-preserving, cloud storage.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-DEDEF9

An approach to ensure integrity of sensed data using elliptic curve cryptography scheme

T.Yasasvi , A.Vanathi · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Aditya Engineering College, Surampalem, JNTUK, A.P, India, IN

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Abstract Now a days in many applications wireless sensor networks are used. In Wireless sensor networks set of nodes are distributed for recording and for monitoring the physical environmental conditions, and the data is collected and organized at the central location by using one or more neighboring nodes. In sensor networks, mainly the energy is consumed for the purpose of data transmission. In sensor nodes for reducing the consumption of energy data aggregation is an important approach. Hence it has emerged as a basic approach for reducing the number of transmissions of sensor nodes, where the overall power consumption in the network also minimizes. But while performing the processes of data aggregation the data can be easily compromised by number of attackers. Hence security must be provided while performing aggregation. An identity based aggregate signature (IBAS) scheme is shown based on the elliptic curve cryptography scheme, where it uses a smaller key for providing an equivalent level of security. Because of its key size length ECC obtains faster computation and lower power consumption and also requires only small memory and bandwidth.

Keywords: Data aggregation, wireless sensor network, identity-based, aggregate signature.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-4B88A8

Grid-Based Routing Using Fuzzy Inference System and Dijkstra Tree in Wireless Sensor Network

Anupama Kaushik , Subhash Chandra · M.Tech Scholar, Rajasthan College of Engineering for Women, Jaipur, IN

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Abstract As we can see the prospective utilization of the wireless sensor networks (WSNs) different fields such as battlefield surveillance, management of disaster, surveillance of border security as the last few years. In given uses, sensor nodes in huge no. being deployed, those are generally unattended as well as work in parallel. Clustering is a vital form of method required to enhance sensor network lifetime through h decreasing the consumption of energy. It may also enhance the scalability of the network (NW). Sensor nodes being taken to be as the homogeneous form as the research in the field of WSNs been taken place, but few nodes are of various form of
energy to prolong WSN lifetime along with its reliability. In this paper, we are using Grid-based technique of WSN which is compared with the previous work where we have found the enhancement in network lifetime and less WSN; Clustering algorithms; Energy consumptionconsumption of energy as compared to that of previous research work.

Keywords: WSN; Clustering algorithms; Energy consumption

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A2549E

A Study on Clustering and Hierarchical Routing Based Protocols in Wireless Sensor Network

Anupama Kaushik , Subhash Chandra · M.Tech Scholar, Rajasthan College of Engineering for Women, Jaipur, IN

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Abstract Wireless sensor network (WSN) is gathering of wireless nodes which are casually being transferred in an area which is targeted done the dynamically shifting the situations. Such nodes may beintelligence, procedure, and onwardin formation towards the nodes of neighboring size & base station (BS). Besides, such devices of minor size are restricted by the proficiencies likeless memory, calculation of low form, low processing, & much importantly small form of the power unit (generally being equipped by the batteries). The sensor nodes being distributed do nehugeenviron mental field comprising nodes of hundreds formtowards monitor the goal district. For example sensed information being towards be sentso as towards BS aimed at the additional essential action, so routing forms necessary aimed atonly transmitting of the in formation after node towards node or the BS proficiently. In schemes of clustering hierarchicalform have gained excessive attention aimed at energy ingestion minimizing. Hierarchical systems being normally
considered cluster-based & grid-based methods. In cluster-based methods, nodes are assembledin form of clusters, where a sensor node resourceful being selected like cluster head (CH) although in grid-based method network (NW) is split in restricted simulated grids generally executed through BS.

Keywords: WSN, Cluster, Cluster head, Routing protocol, Hierarchical protocol, Grid-based cluster head.

55

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-5C204D

ECD + AHE: Edge and Corner Detection in Complex Lighting Environment by Image Enhancement Techniques

Shephali Pareek , Subhash Chandra · M. Tech Student, Rajasthan College of Engineering for Women, Bhankrota, Ajmer Road, Jaipur -302026, IN

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Abstract In this paper we focused on edge and corner detection area. Its aims to designing a reliable framework to assist edge, and corner of an object in image. As we know in present stage there are some area where we need to find the corners point those are related to Object recognition, Aeronautics, and depth reasoning. In these type of application there is need of some device which will detect the corner points using Harris corner detector and fast processing unit which is not possible by pure accurate unit so for reduction of those issue in work we need to present a Novel algorithm which involve both Edge & Corner detection with 3D map representation. Our approach (ECD + AHE), based on 2D qualitative edge profile fitting and edge consistency, will produce one continuous edge from an initial point. The goal of this work is to use edge continuity metrics to improve the detection of salient edges and corners of the foreground object in images.

Keywords: Sub pixel, Harris algorithm, corner detection.

56

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-8470E8

PLL TECHNIQUES FOR DISTRIBUTED GENERATION SYSTEMS UNDER GRID ABNORMAL CONDITIONS

G CHANDRA SEKHAR · Assistant Professor, Dept of EEE, Tirumala Engineering College Medchal Distirict, Hyderabad, Telangana-501301, India, IN

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Abstract In this project, the synchronization of grid voltage of the distributed generation systems are studied by the considering numerous grid synchronization techniques. so as to urge the desired quantity of correct and quick grid voltage synchronization algorithms this is often vital to figure underneath distorted and unbalanced conditions. thus it's necessary to investigate the synchronization capability of 3 advanced synchronization systems: the three-phase enhanced PLL the decoupled double synchronous reference frame phase-locked loop (PLL), and therefore the dual second order generalized integrator PLL that is enforced underneath such conditions. The fuzzy controller is that the most fitted for the human decision-making mechanism, providing the operation of associate electronic system with decisions of experts. Here we tend to are exploitation the fuzzy controller compared to different controllers. Here we tend to are exploitation the fuzzy controller compared to different controllers for higher performance. furthermore if different system depend on frequency-locked loops have additionally been developed, PLLs are chosen because of their link with dq0 controllers. By
exploitation MATLAB/Simulink code the simulation are done.

Keywords: Electric variable measurements, electrical engineering, frequency estimation, harmonic analysis, monitoring, synchronization, Fuzzy logic controller

57

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-567E13

ESTIMATION AND SIMULATION OF PRESSURES ON THE PROFILE OF THE SPILLWAY

Prasanna S. V. S. N. D. L , Suresh Kumar N · Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering (A), Osmania University Hyderabad – 500 007, Telangana State, India, IN

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Abstract Spillways are huge masonry structures constructed to discharge additional amount of water in needs and emergencies. It is also a measure to protect the structure from overtopping and failure. To achieve safety of the structure, the design of profile of the spillway plays a significant role. The forces that are generally possible on the spillway are as a consequence of change in pressures. This generates the necessity for estimation and understanding of pressures over the profile of the spillway. The present study was carried out to analytically estimate the pressures and compare them with the ANSYS-CFD simulation results. The analytical results estimated by the conventional equations were observed to have a fair agreement with the simulation results having a variation less than 2%.

Keywords: Spillway, Dynamic pressure, Maximum pressure, Fluent

58

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-976660

COMPARISION OF FLYASH AND CLAY BRICK AVAILABLE IN PRAYAGRAJ MARKET

ANURAG , Dr.CHANDRA SHEKHAR MISHRA · DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SHUATS, ASSISTANT PROFESSOR, DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING, SHUATS, IN

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Abstract In today’s world development of new building materials and Processing & utilization of industrial waste is given the high priority in the construction of buildings. Its important for achieving maximum disposal of wastes and conservation of renewable resources. The bricks produced were about 29% lighter than clay bricks. The compressive strength of bricks manufactured from fly ash possessed higher than 20 MPa. This exceeds the load carrying capacity of clay bricks available by more than 25% and is several times better than acceptable than commercially available common clay bricks. Other important characteristics of the fly ash bricks have been evaluated in the thesis. The values of these characteristics of fly ash bricks are good and have exceeded to those pertaining to clay bricks. The new bricks and process have been studied. This dissertation studies the results of testing and the advantages gained by this type of fly ash bricks over conventional clay bricks. In the present scenerio, the effects of fly ash on the properties of bricks are studied and the behaviour of fly ash bricks is compared with conventional clay bricks. The various properties of fly ash bricks with conventional clay bricks were tested. The properties studied were water absorption, hardness, efflorescence, soundness, shape and size, crushing strength and basic compressive strength.

Keywords: water absorption, compressive strength, efflorosence, fly ash bricks

59

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A2FFEB

Experimental Study on Strength Behavior of Concrete with Partial Replacement of Cement with Silica Fume and Coarse Aggregate with Waste Tyre Rubber

Danish Zafar , Mohd. Bilal Khan · M.Tech (Research Scholar), Department of Civil Engineering, Integral University, Lucknow (UP), India., IN

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Abstract A very large amount of waste rubber tire are being generated each year all around the world. Being nonbiodegradable in nature their recycling is not easy. On burning they produce very toxic and harmful smoke. So the only option is to dump them to landfills. It is also not a proper solution as it takes a lot of space and stockpiles of waste rubber leads to soil pollution and contaminate water bodies along with ground water. Statistics show that every year more than 500 million tires are discarded to landfills, and the estimation is about 5000 million tires would be discarded by 2030. Many research studies has shown that the waste rubber tires could be used in concrete. Concrete with rubber tire has shown reduction in compressive and flexural tensile strength but they do possess some positive aspects as they have better toughness, impact resistance, thermal and sound properties. This paper presents a literature review on using waste rubber tire in concrete as a partial replacement of cement, coarse or fine aggregates.

Keywords: Chipped rubber, ground rubber, cement, silica fume, rubberized concrete, compressive strength, split tensile strength

60

Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A708E7

A BRIEF STUDY ON THE NEW GENERATION CONCRETE REPLACING CEMENT AND FINE AGGREGATE WITH SUGARCANE BAGASSE ASH AND ROBO SAND ALONG WITH ACID RESISTANT STUDIES.

D. Girish Kumar , V. Raghavachar, Dr. V. Bhaskar Desai · M-tech Student, JNTUA college of Engineering, Ananthapuramu, A.P.,India, IN

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Abstract Concrete is the most extensively used composite construction material in the world, which is made primarily from cement, water, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate. The present investigation is to find suitable alternative materials for fine aggregates and cement due to their scarcity and depletion of natural resources. Robo sand and sugarcane bagasse ash are such alternatives which are by-products from industries and these are ecofriendly. With the usage of these alternative products an attempt has been made to replace cement with 12% sugarcane bagasse ash and fine aggregate with artificial robo sand in required proportions (0%, 50%, 100%). Strength parameters such as compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural Strength, In-plane shear strength by mode II fracture tests are conducted at the age of 28 days. The durability tests are also conducted by immersing specimens for 28 days in 5% concentrated Hydro
Chloric Acid, Sulfuric Acid and Sodium Sulphate solutions. The results are analysed and reported.

Keywords: Robo sand, Sugarcane Bagasse ash, Mode II fracture, Durability, Acid Curing, Hydro Chloric acid, Sulfuric acid, sodium sulphate.

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Vol.5, Issue 7 · Issue 7 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-CEAB6B

Unusual Crowd Activity Detection using Euclidean Distance in OpenCV for Creating Motion Influence Map

Lucky , Bhupendra Panchal · Computer Science & Engineering, Oriental Institute of Science & Technology, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India, IN

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Abstract Suspicious behavior is dangerous in public areas that may cause heavy causalities. There are various systems developed on the basis of video frame acquisition where motion or pedestrian detection occur but those systems are not intelligent enough to identify the unusual activities even at real time. It is required to recognized scamper situation at real time from video surveillance for quick and immediate management before any casualties. Proposed system focuses on recognizing suspicious activities and target to achieve a technique which is able to detect suspicious activity automatically using computer vision. Here system uses Open CV library for classifying different kind of actions at real time. The motion influence map has been used to represent the motion analysis that frequently changes the position from one place to another. System uses pixel level presentation for making it easy to understand
or identify the actual situation.

Keywords: Unusual Activity Detection, Action Recognition, Motion Influence Map, Open CV, Crowd based Activity Detection.

Journal	:	IJTIMES
Full Name	:	International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science
ISSN Online	:	2455-2585
UGC No.	:	47719
Impact Factor	:	5.99
Frequency	:	Quarterly (4 Issues/Year)
Started	:	2015
Language	:	English
Review Type	:	Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Time	:	12-15 weeks
Access	:	Open Access
UGC Approved	:	Yes
Discipline	:	Engineering & Technology
Email	:	editor@ijtimes.com

Email	:	editor@ijtimes.com
Hours	:	Mon–Sat, 10AM–6PM IST
Response	:	Within 1–2 working days

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