Archives

01

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-D51999

A CLASSIFICATION AND DECISION TREE IS A KEY APPROACHES TO DATA MINING

Dr. Brijesh Kumar Bhardwaj · Assistant Professor, Department of MCA, Dr. R. M. L. Avadh University, Ayodhya, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Classification and Decision Tree is one of the most important data mining approaches for improved the performance. Apply the complete approaches to a large data then helps to make use of its measurements more competently to enhance the data mining capability. We elaborate a practical and formal Classification and Decision Tree that enables security assessment using fault design factors. The Classification and Decision Tree approaches are more practicable for Data mining terminology and protection inexpensively. This paper proposes a Classification and Decision Tree approaches for data mining. The proposed evaluation for data Ming approaches point outs the possible influence of techniques properties and also talk about the impact of computation with various factors.

Keywords: Classification Approaches, Decision Tree, Data mining approaches

02

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-941FC2

AN IMPACT OF MARKETING STRATEGY ON BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

Dr. Atul Sen Singh · Assistant Professor, Department of Applied Science and Humanities, Dr. R. M. L. Avadh University Ayodhya, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Marketing Strategy is an on-going strategy which never closes. Marketing branch of management highlights must be coordinated in each level of business originations. Strategy is a key factor of marketing environment to quantity of business reliability. Strategy based Evaluation for marketing has been proposed by various experts and authors. Marketing factors, which are used to quantify the positive impact on business? This will result in assessment which enhances the quality of strategic marketing decisions and consequently profitability of the business. The aim of this research paper is to encourage researchers and developers for inclusion of the “Marketing Strategy” to access and highly improved at marketing environment. A complete literature explore was done and standard of marketing approach were developed and subsequently used to benchmark the practices of marketing figure.

Keywords: Marketing Strategy, Business Environment, Factors.

03

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-52B08B

VARIATION OF PRECIPITATION AND TEMPERATURE FOR DACHIGAM AND TEILBAL CATCHMENTS

Mir Bintul Huda , Nasir Ahmad Rather · Senior Research Fellow, SKUAST-Kashmir, J&K, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The study was an attempt to analyze the variation of precipitation in the Dachigam and Teilbal catchments of Srinagar. The precipitation and temperature data were obtained from the metrological station of SKUAST-K, Shalimar. Trend lines were established with the help of the moving averages of 5 years; which revealed that with the increasing temperature, precipitation decreased. The trend is in accordance with the global climatic and hydrological findings. The study concluded that there was an adverse effect of the climate change on the given catchments.

Keywords: climate change; temperature; precipitation; catchments; trend

04

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-84D4B3

RECLAIMED ASPHALT PAVEMENT USING CERAMIC WASTE

P Akhilesh Rao , Prof. Vinay Deulkar · M.E. Student JIT Borawan Khargone (M.P.) INDIA, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In recent years a lot of new Invention create opportunities to use or utilize waste material in various construction field. Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement is one of the material which is generated for surfacing reconstruction from full or partially demolition of any pavement. In past year this RAP is using as a waste material by using this material for land filling or as a some soil stabilization but few Research happen on this material and they reach at positive result After removing all dust from wearing surface and successfully extraction from fine aggregate to bitumen, this fine aggregate and bitumen are partially use in pavement construction and maintenance of pavement as well. This material easily decrease the total cost of construction project. There are direct and indirect benefits of this material , direct benefits is to reduction in cost of pavement and another one is environment factor. RAP is one of the most recycled materials in the world. In United states, studies have resulted that 80% of the recycled material is used in roadway construction. Recent researches have established that RAP replacement at proportions above 55% is feasible to produce new HMA mixtures, and also obtaining satisfactory results in the mechanical properties . In addition to this ceramic wastage is also used as a fine aggregate to pavement construction.

Keywords: Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement, Methods and Tests, Ceramic waste.

05

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-F64AE1

DEVELOPING CONSTRUCTION MANAGEMENT INTEGRATED SYSTEM FOR COST, QUALITY AND TIME FOR HIGH RISE BUILDING USING DELPHI TECHNIQUES

Mohd Nadeem Quazi , Dr. Keerti K. Chowdhary · Civil Engineering and RGPV, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The objective of any construction project is mostly depended on three factors Cost, Quality and Time, for high rise building project the main focus of the client is on these three factors i.e. Cost Quality and time, Here went to make an integrated Management system using Delphi technique for High Rise building construction projects, so that the entire project can be handled smoothly. Over the last three decades, special needs pertaining to construction of high rise buildings have been established. Particular emphasis has been given to reducing construction schedule, construction time for high rise building in real Estate segment with quality and costs reducing of projects because of housing demand, and growth of major cities in developing countries have changed the core concept of traditional construction management system

The Purpose of this thesis is to analyze and make recommendations in every activity of construction project in order to minimize delays in construction cost quality and time factors. the main factors influencing construction schedules of High Rise buildings, and to describe measures and methods that have been successfully used in achieving significant time reductions in overall construction schedule by using Delphi in project management system. The conclusion are drawn and recommendation are made according to Expert panel (Delphi) associated with the High rise buildings, and to describe measures and methods that have been successfully used and analyze the cost quality and time factor overall construction schedules.

Keywords: Delphi Technique, Expert Panel, Time, Quality & Cost Factors, traditional construction.

06

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-C3FE97

Assessment of water quality parameters of BGSBU Campus

Vaseem Ahmad Shahnaz · Department of Civil Engineering, SOET, BGSB University, Rajouri, J&K, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The present study is an attempt to analyse the quality of water in BGSBU campus. The water is supplied to BGSBU campus from six different sources i.e., tap water, tube-well near boys hostel, tube-well near Sabrang, Spring near Rajouri airport, Rajouri canal upstream, and Rajouri canal downstream. The water quality parameters were analysed for all the six sources of water. The water quality tests for the water samples of six selected sources were carried out in the laboratory and the results reveal that maximum number of physical and chemical parameters were within the desirable limit, as suggested by IS 10500-2012 (second version).

Keywords: water quality, pH test, turbidity test, calcium test, sulphate test

07

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-3C306B

NEIGHBOURHOOD CONTRACTION OF SOME IRREGULAR GRAPHS

Selvam Avadayappan , M. Bhuvaneshwari · Research Department of Mathematics V.H.N. Senthikumara Nadar College, Virudhunagar – 626001, India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract A connected graph G(V,E) is said to be a neighbourly irregular graph, if no two adjacent vertices of G have the same degree. G is said to be a highly irregular graph if for every vertex of G no two neighbours are of same degree. G is said to be neighbourhood highly irregular, for any vertex v, if any two distinct vertices in the open neighbourhood of v, have distinct closed neighbourhood sets. The neighbourhood contracted graph Gv of G, with respect to the vertex v in G is the graph with the vertex set V-N(v), where two vertices u, w are adjacent in Gv, if either w = v and u is adjacent to any vertex of N(v) in G or u, w  N[v] and u, w are adjacent in G. In this paper, we discuss the conditions needed for both G and Gv to be irregular graphs of same kind.

Keywords: Neighbourhood contraction, irregular graphs, neighbourly irregular graphs. AMS Subject Classification Code(2010): 05 C (Primary)

08

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-35F66F

COMPARATIVE STUDY OF FIBRE REINFORCED POLYMERS USED IN RETROFITTING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS

Mr. Ahmar Malik · Civil engineering department NIT Srinagar, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract This paper presents an experimental study which details the difference in performance of Carbon fibre reinforced polymer (CFRP),Glass fibre reinforced polymer (GFRP),Steel fibre reinforced polymer (SFRP),Coir fibre (CF) and polypropylene sheets (PS) as retrofitting materials used in reinforced concrete beams.To study behaviour of each material,8 beams were cast and then retrofitted externally with that material, then 4 beams were tested for flexural strength and stiffness while as remaining 4 beams were tested for shear strength. Furthermore cost benefit analysis was done to arrive at the most economical material for retrofitting.

Keywords: retrofitting,fibre reinforced polymer sheets,flexural strength,shear strength,stiffness,externally laminated sheets.

09

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-9EEE3A

DURABILITY STUDY ON CONCRETE WITH REPLACEMENT OF NATURAL SAND BY M-SAND AT DIFFERENT SIZES OF COARSE AGGREGATE

Dr. K. Chandrasekhar Reddy , Kalamneni Lavanya · Professor & Principal, Department of Civil Engineering Siddharth Institute of Engineering & Technology, Puttur, Andhra Pradesh, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Aggregate in concrete is a structural filler, however its role is more important than what that simple statement implies. Aggregate occupies the most volume of the concrete. Aggregate is the stuff that the cement paste coats and binds together. The shape, composition and size of the aggregate all have significant impact on the workability, durability, shrinkage, weight and strength of the concrete. Aggregate can even influence the appearance of the cast surface, which is an especially important consideration in concrete countertop mixes. In order to get good durable concrete in this investigation we concentrated on the aggregate replacement. Here coarse aggregate of 20mm is partially replaced at various percentages (5%, 10%, 15%, and 20%) by 12mm, 6mm aggregate to fill the voids in concrete. The fine aggregate (Natural sand) is completely replaced by manufacture sand (M-sand) to protect the environment and also to fulfill the adequate requirement of fine aggregate. The experiments were conducted on M 20 design mix concrete of 1: 2.288: 4.039 proportions. Durability study on acid attack was studied and percentage of Strength loss is compared with normal concrete. Test results indicate that use of M-sand and different sizes of coarse aggregate in concrete have improved the performance of concrete in strength as well as in durability aspect.

Keywords: Manufactured Sand, Different Sizes of Coarse Aggregate, Replacement, Durability and Acid resistance.

10

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-508928

ANALYSIS OF SELF-SUSTAINABLE MINI GAS TURBINE ENGINE FOR DOMESTIC PURPOSE

Harikant Bansal , Ravindra Kumar, Ankit Vishnoi · Aeronautical Department, AKTU, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The power density of hydrocarbon fuels is 100 times as compared to other modes power producing devices at micro level. The battery system is very inefficient when it comes to provide enough power to most portable devices like humanoid robot, mobile machines and mechanism to aid humanoid motion such as future armor to soldiers (exoskeleton), these mini gas turbines can be very handy replacement power source. It can also be used as aided power in various industrial and research applications. Improved combustion efficiency may broaden our area to experiment even with bio fuels. A Tata indica vista turbocharger model k35 has been used in fabrication for gas turbine engine having impeller diameter of 25.6 mm. a reverse flow combustion chamber made to stall between the turbo compressor and turbo turbine. With help of Rota meter fuel is varied from 0.00018625kg/sec to 0.000415kg/sec and different set of pressures and temperatures data were recorded at locations of compressor outlet, combustor outlet and turbine outlet. It has been observed that the engine was well sustained within the limits of fuel above mentioned, and we have been able to achieve improved pressure ratios on increasing the fuel supply. The results showed us that the combustion intensity of burner was settled between 1030 KW/m3-atm. to1948 KW/m3atm ηcycle ,energy conversion efficiency Obtained from 4.75% to 9%. Power efficiency has come out as ~90 % which is very exciting for further improvement of current set up. For further improvement we can reduce the volume of combustion chamber to increase combustion intensity and hence improving equivalence ratio and better sustainability even at very low-level supply of fuel.

Keywords: efficiency, combustion intensity, power efficiency, hydrocarbon, sustainability.

11

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-1F0703

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PAPERCRETE BRICKS MANUFACTURED USING PAPER PULP, GGBS, QUARRY DUST, AND FLY ASH.

Priyanka V , K Sai Gopi, T Joshmitha, B Deepchand, K Prasad, M Sai Charan, G Yogendra Pavan, Ch Veerottam Kumar · Student, BTech, Department of Civil Engineering, Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Papercrete is nothing but paper and concrete wherever the papers like newspaper, cardboards etc. are chopped into paper pulp and thereby adding hydraulic cement and sand to it. The chemical element bonds gift in microstructure of paper offers strength to it. Same as concrete, this thick combine may be poured to any moulds and solid into any desired form or size. As most of the materials employed in it are industrial wastes and construction materials in reduced quantity, it's a sustainable material. This idea conjointly helps in reducing environmental hazards caused by construction industry. However there's no correct code for the combo proportioning of papercrete bricks. So a combination proportion of [Cement: Paper: sand] 1:1:2 was chosen unproved and error basis. During this study, cement is partly replaced by GGBS because it has cement properties and composition. Rather than sand, Quarry dust is employed that is partly replaced by fly ash to boost the strength to weight quantitative relation. All the required engineering properties are studied and compared with the standard bricks and discussions on its potential uses are created.

Keywords: Papercrete, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Fly Ash, Quarry dust, Compressive strength, Sustainable building and Paper waste.

12

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-00A5DA

A REVIEW ON STRENGTH EVALUATION OF CLAY SOIL USING FLY ASH AND LIME

Mirhamza Noorzai , Amanpreet Tangri · ME Research Scholar, Civil Engineering Department, Chandigarh University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Soil stabilization is a process of improving inadequate geotechnical properties of soft soil and to improve the performance of soil as construction material and to reduce the cost of earthwork in case of inaccessibility of good earth at the adjacent source. Several mechanical and chemical methods have been applied to take rise the bearing capacity of soft soil. In this review paper, the most recent published research studies have reviewed, the majority of the studies chemical stabilization methods. Cement and lime generally use as soil stabilizers. It observed from recent studies, usage of waste material such as fly ash, GGBS, silica fume, rice husk ash, Waste tire cord and Waste Ston Powder as these are responsible for hazardous effects on the environment.

Keywords: Soil stabilization, geotechnical properties, bearing capacity, chemical stabilization methods, waste material.

13

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-FB443F

A REVIEW ON MACHINING BY ELECTROCHEMICAL DISCHARGE PHENOMENA

Parag Dhiman , Rahul Vaishya, Manoj Kumar · Production & Industrial Engg. Department, Punjab Engg. College (D to be U), IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Non-conducting material having high strength, brittle nature widely used in the industries due to superior properties such as high hardness, excellent insulation, high wear resistance possessed by the material. Due to these properties, machining of these material by traditional processes are very difficult. This led the researchers to develop the alternative process, Electrochemical discharge machining (ECDM) is an advance machining process, can machine such materials with accuracy. The input parameters such as voltage, electrolyte concentration, feed rate etc. governs the process performance parameters like material removal rate, overcut, surface irregularity and surface integrity of machined surface. The process works on the principle of electrochemical discharge, the exact mechanism of machining is not well understood. The paper presents the review past research carried out in ECDM process.

Keywords: ECDM, brittle, surface integrity, voltage, surface roughness, material.

14

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-700749

LC-MS Analysis of crude extract of Arial Part of Rivea Hypocretariformis.

Dharmesh Patel , Jay patel, Viral patel, zalak patel, Hiral Patel, Dr. Chintan V. Pandya, Dr. Aditee Pandya · Department of chemistry, H.V.H.P Institute of post graduate studies and research, Kadi. KSV University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The aim of the present study is to investigate the crude extract of Arial Part of Rivea Hypocretariformis Phytochemicals compounds using LC-MS. The shade dried powder of Arial Part of Rivea Hypocretariformis was extracted with mixture of Methanol, Water and chloroform (4:4:2) and crude was obtained. The LC-MS analysis was performed by LCMSQTOF 1260 Infinity model with the using of MassHunter Quantsoftware. The LC-MS analysis shows different peaks with low and high molecular weight determining the presence of 34 phytochemicals compounds. The phytochemicals compounds in the Arial Part extract of Rivea Hypocretariformis have been screened by using METLIN Data base. The presence of these compounds may proceed to find out different therapeutic activities.

Keywords: Rivea Hypocretariformis, Ethanol extract; LC-MS analysis; phytochemical Compounds.

15

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-D39F4F

LC-MS Analysis of crude extract of leaves of Rivea Hypocretariformis.

Dharmesh Patel , Jay Patel, Viral Patel, zalak Patel, Hiral Patel, Dr. Chintan V. Pandya, Dr. Aditee Pandya · Department of chemistry, H.V.H.P Institute of post graduate studies and research, Kadi. KSV University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The aim of the present study is to investigate the crude extract of Leaves of Rivea Hypocretariformis 46 Phytochemical compounds using LC-MS. The shade dried powder of Leaves of Rivea Hypocretariformis was extracted with mixture of Methanol, Water and chloroform (4:4:2) and crude was obtained. The LC-MS assessment was done by using LCMSQTOF 1260 Infinity model and using the MassHunter Quant software. The LC-MS analysis shows different peaks with low and high molecular weight determining the presence of 46 phytochemicals compounds. The phytochemicals compounds in the Leaves extract of Rivea Hypocretariformis have been screened by using METLIN Data base. The presence of these compounds may continue to find out different therapeutic activities.

Keywords: Rivea Hypocretariformis, Ethanol extract; LC-MS analysis; phytochemical Compounds.

16

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-16AC48

ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF ENGINEERING SERVICE PROVIDERS IN OIL AND GAS EXPLORATION SECTOR

Suresh Vaghasiya · Production Engineering Department, Government Engineering College, Bhavnagar, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Service providers and key players in Oil and Gas exploration business. The role of service provider start, once decision to explore oil and gas field, is taken. They can manage all the exploration activities in a cost effective manner. This paper explores the opportunities and micro/macro aspects of service provider operating in India. The paper also covers details of various technical services rendered by the service providers. Along with it, there are relevant details about the major service providers. We have analysed companies operating in the field in reference to technical and major trend forces acting on them. To understand the future of Oil and Gas exploration engineering service providers, SWOT and current market analysis were performed.

Keywords: Oil and Gas, Exploration & Production, Service Providers, SWOT, Market Analysis, Financial Analysis

17

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-EE7BD0

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BEHAVIOUR OF BACTERIAL CONCRETE

Sandeep T D , Nitish Kumar K · Department of Civil Engineering & New Horizon College of Engineering, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract This experimental study is deals with assessment of behavior of bacterial concrete with three different bacteria’s such as Bacillus Subtilis, Bacillus Sereus and E- Coli. M25 grade concrete mix is designed as per IS 10262: 2009. The compressive strength is carried out at 7, 14 and 28 days of curing period, whereas the water permeability test is done at 28 days to determine co-efficient of permeability of concrete. The 7 Days compressive strength results shows that the Bacillus Subtilis, Bacillus Sereus and E- Coli strength increases by 13.07% , 11.11% and 14.36 % respectively as that of normal concrete. The 28 Days compressive strength results show that the Bacillus Subtilis, and E- Coli strength increases by 6.20% and 13.88% respectively. Bacillus Sereus strength decreases by 6.95 % comparing with normal concrete. The co efficient of permeability for Bacillus Subtilis, Bacillus Sereus and E- Coli bacteria decreased by 63.76 %, 51.18 % and 92.90 % as that of normal concrete.

Keywords: Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus sereus, e- coli, Compressive strength, Permeability

18

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-AD3AA3

PERFORMANCE COMPARISON OF STAND ALONE PERMANENT MAGNET SYNCHRONOUS GENERATOR AND SQUIRREL CAGE INDUCTION GENERATOR BASED WIND ENERGY CONVERSION SYSTEMS

Y. Mastanamma , Dr. D. Subbarayudu · Research Scholar at Rayalaseema University, Kurnool, Andhra Pradesh and HOD- EEE/Associate Professor at Methodist College of Engineering and Technology, Abids, Hyderabad,Telangana, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Off-Grid small wind turbines provide a very attractive renewable energy source for remote communities and small businesses. Due to its high reliability and efficiency, gearless-drive permanent magnet synchronous generator might currently be the most common wind turbine in such application. However, wind turbines using geared- squirrel cage induction generator are still widely accepted due to robustness, simplicity, light weight and low cost. This work develops variable-speed Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) using squirrel cage induction generator and permanent magnet synchronous generator. Both generators are connected to the load through a rectifier and an inverter. The performances of both generators are examined under comparable power ratings and similar control techniques. In this paper, a comparison between the two generators is presented for generator's voltage and current harmonic distortion. Simulations have been performed using Matlab/Simulink under varying wind speed conditions.

19

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-C434CC

PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF SEWAGE TREATMENT PLANT BASED ON SBR AND MBBR TECHNOLOGY

Swati Agnihotri , Surindra Suthar, Abid Ali Khan · School of Environment and Natural Resources, Doon University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India -248001, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract A huge gap exists in developing countries in the collection and treatment of domestic wastewater. Despite having multiple wastewater treatment facilities, the discharge of pollutants is still being done into natural water bodies, as the treatment facilities often work below design standards, thus creating a negative impact on the environment. In this study, a performance assessment of SBR (Sequential Batch Reactor) and MBBR (Moving Bed Bio Reactor) based wastewater treatment plant in Delhi, Gurgaon and Ludhiana is done. These plants are designed and constructed with an aim to manage wastewater so as to minimize or remove organic matter, solids and other pollutants before it enters a water body. In the present study samples were collected at inlet and outlet of the sewage treatment plant, and analysed for various Physico-chemical Parameters of 3 STP’s namely STP at Behrampur, Gurgaon- 120 MLD, STP at Delhi Gymkhana Club200 KLD and STP at Village Balloke, Ludhiana- 105 KLD. The parameters were evaluated and compared with the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) General Standards. The performance of each STP was evaluated in terms of Removal/Reduction Efficiency and it was revealed from the performance study that efficiency of the three STP’s under study was higher with respect to removal of TSS (Total Suspended Solids) 92-96.5% , BOD (Biochemical Oxygen Demand) 90.5-95% and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) 89-92%. in contrast to the removal of TDS (Total Dissolved Solids) 30-46% which was quite low. In comparison with each other, out of the three STP’s , the STP located at Behrampur, Gurgaon based on SBR technology showed better results for the effluent, its reduction efficiency for BOD is 95% and is highest among the other two STP’s. Overloading of the plant beyond its design capacity and poor maintenance practices were identified to be the main causes for the poor performance of the plant at Village Balloke. Given the cost of running the plant, it is essential that improvements are made to increase the performance.

Keywords: Wastewater; SBR; MBBR; Sewage treatment; Efficiency.

20

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-59D71C

DEMAND OF NEXT GENERATION BICYCLE FOR BICYCLE SHARING SYSTEM IN INDIAN MARKET

Archan Pujara , Prof. Bhavin Gajjar · M.E Student , Department of Mechanical Engineering , IIET-Dharmaj, Gujarat Technological University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In India, currently available cycles are designed for niche market which are focuses for particular gender their physical attributes and usage pattern, thus utilization of these cycle becomes limited. So to design a unique bicycle which will cover all age group people and with different height and ergonomic requirement, segments form street bicycles to sports-off road. Cycle have main features like Variable wheel base, Seat vertical movement, Seat longitudinal movement, Seat axial movement, Handle height adjustment, Handle longitudinal angle adjustment, Light weight (Aluminum), Variable Pedal Length. Cycle should be for all age group, Unisex. This paper is mainly focus on various aspects of India bicycle industry, comparison of Indian & international bicycle industry trends. This paper will help bicycle designer as forecasting reference for next generation bicycle requirement as per India bicycle consumer requirement.

Keywords: Limber bike, Indian bicycle industry, bicycle geometry, Bicycle sharing scheme, Indian market

21

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-EB5041

UPGRADING THE BEARING CAPACITY OF SALINE SOIL BY USING VITRIFIED POLISH WASTE FOR FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT AS A SUBGRADE MATERIAL

Varshini Sivaraju , Raju Marubariki, Manepalli Swarna Manjari, Srikanth Kola, Salmon Raju Nallamat, Atluri Venkat, Bale Satya Narayana · student, B.Tech, Department of Civil Engineering, Ramachandra College Of Engineering, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The soil which contains salt is known as SALINE SOIL. These salts occur naturally in soil and water. Salt in soil can also come through some artificial processes like irrigation. Saline soil scattered wide range of Andhra Pradesh. Its presence causes engineering problems, which arising for Structural problems, due to collapse behaviour, when moisturizing with water from any source, due to the rapid melting of the salt molecules surrounding soil granules, leading to the disintegration of the ties of the soil. This study sheds light on the possibility of stabilizing saline soil, mixed with some available additives:(5%, 10%, 15%&20% of Vitrified Polish Waste) and investigates its strength. The soil used in this study was natural saline soil with 10% salinity retrieved from a region near machilipatnam beach. Number of tests was conducted using laboratory models. The best improvement was achieved by adding 10% Vitrified Polish Waste. The CBR value is increased by 37% by adding 10% VPW, when compared with virgin Saline Soil.

Keywords: saline soil stabilization, additives, Vitrified Polish Waste, saline soil, sub grade

22

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-0AC042

DEVELOPMENT OF WATER BUDGET EQUATION FOR JHELUM BASIN IN SRINAGAR

Vaseem Ahmad Shahnaz , Sahil Ayoub Dar · Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SOET, BGSB University, Rajouri, J&K, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In the present study the water budget equation for Jhelum basin in Srinagar was developed on the basis of precipitation, run-off, infiltration, and evapo-transpiration investigations of the catchment. Precipitation data for the District Srinagar was collected from Meteorological Department and the volume of water due to precipitation was worked out for a particular storm. Also, the hydrograph was plotted for the determination of run-off due to the storm. Infiltration studies for the District Srinagar were conducted and Evapo-transpiration was determined with the help of Blaney-Criddle Method for Srinagar. Finally, the water budget equation was developed for Jhelum basin in Srinagar.

23

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-359FE3

Investigation of Effect of Parameters on Cutting Force while Turning Ti-6Al-4V (ELI)

Darshit R. Shah , Sanket Bhavsar · Mechanical Engineering Department, L.D.College of Engineering (affiliated to Gujarat Technological University), Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Ti-6Al-4V, extra low interstitial (ELI) is an important Titanium alloy, which is highly used in aerospace, marine and biomedical applications. It fall under the category of difficult to cut materials. In this study the investigation of cutting force is carried out. Effects of four parameters namely cutting speed, feed depth of cut and tool nose radius are investigated. The cutting force is taken as output response. ANOVA test is performed to find significance of parameters. The mathematical model for prediction of cutting force is developed. The comparison of actual and predicted values of cutting force is also done.

Keywords: Titanium alloy, turning, ANOVA, Cutting Force, tool nose radius

24

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-CC4261

IDENTIFICATION OF SUITABLE SITES FOR SUBSURFACE DAMS IN SWARNAMUKHI RIVER

Dr. K. Chandrasekhar Reddy , D. Surendra · Professor & Principal, Department of Civil Engineering Siddharth Institute of Engineering & Technology, Puttur, Andhra Pradesh, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract India is a basically agricultural country with an increasing interest for hydropower. Water management problems such as sedimentation and evaporation have been of high concern for subsurface water reservoirs for many years. Hence, subsurface dam is the best solution due to many advantages such as low cost of construction, the least evaporation, no contamination, utilization of land over the dam and better storage. The objective this study is to evaluate the suitability of the selected site location for construction of subsurface dams and a case study on Swarnamukhi River by using a simple, safe and affordable technology to solute the aridity and water shortage in this area of arid to semi-arid climate in Swarnamukhi watershed within the stream deposits. Google earth Maps through satellite images and digital elevation model (DEM) interpretation and analysis have facilitated the investigation with more accuracy. Google earth Maps helped in construction of thematic maps of the studied area. The geologic, structural, geomorphologic, hydrological survey shows the suitability of the selected site location for construction of subsurface dam. The methodology presented here shows promising results and could be used in early planning to locate suitable sites at Tandlam, Jeepalem, Munagalapalem and Bandarupalle on Swarnamukhi River for construction of subsurface dams.

Keywords: Subsurface dam, Google earth Maps, Swarnamukhi River and Water harvest.

25

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-62CBD8

A NOVEL ON DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF GAIN CELL EMBEDDED DRAM

ALMUKHTAR AHMED · Faculty of Engineering, Sabratha University, SABRATHA, LIBYA, LY

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Logic compatible gain cell (GC)-embedded DRAM (eDRAM) arrays unit thought-about another to SRAM because of their small size, non-rated operation, low static escape, and two-port utility. However, ancient GC-eDRAM implementations would like boosted management signals thus on place in writing full voltage levels to the cell to chop back the refresh rate and shorten access times. These boosted levels would like either an extra power supply or on-chip charge pumps, what is more as nontrivial level shifting and toleration of high voltage levels. throughout this transient, we've an inclination to gift a novel, logic compatible, 3T Gc-eDRAMbitcell that operates with a single-supply voltage and provides superior write capability to the standard Gc structures. The projected circuit is incontestable with a 2-kb memory macro that was designed and fictitious throughout a mature zero.18-µm CMOS methodology, targeted at low-power, energy-efficient applications. The take a glance at array is powered with one supply of 900 mV, showing a zero.8-ms worst case retention time, a 1.3-ns write-access time, and a 2.4-pW/bit retention power. The projected topology provides a bitcell house reduction of forty third, as compared with a redrawn 6-transistor SRAM among an equivalent technology, AND associate
degree overall macro house reduction of sixty seven in addition as peripherals

26

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-E820D8

AN EXTENSION OF ANCIENT INDIAN METHOD OF CALCULATING CUBE ROOT

BINOD KUMAR SINGH , K. B. SINGH · Department of Mathematics, B. R. A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In this paper firstly we have tried our best to make attempts to extend Bhāskarācāya’s Method of finding Cube root of a perfect cubic number to 5 t h root of any integer and then applied to compute nt h root of any positive integer.

Keywords: Ancient Mathematics, Vedic Mathematics, Cube root, Number Theory, Hindu Mathematics.

27

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-630C81

Determination of SCR Characteristics using TYN612

Md. Moyeed Abrar · Assistant Professor, Department of CSE, Khaja Banda Nawaz College of Engineering Kalaburagi, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract A thyristor is one of the most widely used and an important power semiconductor device. They are extensively used in power electronic circuits owing to its many salient features. Thyristors are operated as bistable switches, operating from non-conducting state to conducting state. From switching point of view, thyristors can be assumed as ideal switches for most applications, but practical thyristors exhibit certain characteristics and limitations. Silicon controlled rectifier is the first thyristor device. The state of the art presented in the paper is the determination of Silicon controlled rectifier characteristics (SCR) using the SCR device TYN612. The SCR characteristics are a plot between the Anode to Cathode voltage versus the Anode current keeping the Gate current fixed.

Keywords: Thyristor, Power semiconductor device, Bistable switches, Silicon controlled rectifier, SCR device TYN612, Anode to Cathode voltage, Anode current, Gate current

28

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-0C4FFD

DETERMINE THE DURABILITY PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE BY USING DIFFERENT SIZE OF AGGREGATES

Dr. K. Chandrasekhar Reddy , K. Latha · Professor & Principal, Department of Civil Engineering Siddharth Institute of Engineering & Technology, Puttur, Andhra Pradesh, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Concrete is a mixture of various materials coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, cement and water, each of them is mixed in various proportions to achieve specific strength. Durability of concrete is defined as its ability to resist weathering action, chemical attack, abrasion or any other process of deterioration. It also includes the effects of quality and serviceability of concrete when exposed to sulphate and chloride attacks. Not only this, Environmental pollution can also be decreased to some extent because the emission of harmful gases like carbon monoxide & carbon dioxide are very limited in concrete. In this project 20 mm coarse aggregate has been partially replaced with 6 mm,12 mm aggregates in different proportions 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% of cubes casted for “M20” grade mix proportions (1:1.5:3) with water cement ratio 0.5. Hence coarse aggregate sizes 6 mm, 12 mm, 20 mm aggregates are chosen mainly based on criteria of cost and their durable quantities. The conventional concrete made by 20 mm coarse aggregate only, hence the partial replacement of 5% 0f 12 mm aggregate is constant and5 %,10 %,15 %,20 % of 6 mm aggregates are changed, similarly 10%,15%,20% of 12 mm aggregates are constant and 6 mm aggregates are changes at various proportions. The effect of 1% of H2SO4 and sea water on these concrete mixes are determined by immersing these cubes for 90 days in above solution and respective changes in compressive strength is observed and up to a major extent we can conclude concretes made by that the maximum results at partial replacement of coarse aggregate by 10% of 12 mm aggregate and 5% of 6 mm aggregates had good strength and durable properties comparison to conventional aggregate in severe Environment.

Keywords: Different size of aggregates, H2SO4 solution, Durability, Compressive strength test.

29

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-08A08A

FABRICATION AND PARAMETRIC ANALYSIS OF WASTE PLASTIC TO FUEL – A REVIEW PAPER

Nikhilesh Swain , Nisarg Patel, Krishna Jayswal, Dhaivat Devani, Mamta Patel · Student, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Babaria Institute of Technology, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The study on the fabrication and parametric analysis of waste plastic to fuel as an effort to solve the problem of environmental pollution due to plastics and the need for alternative fuel. It is an alternate solution for mounting plastics disposal into which plastics are converted into bio-fuel which makes environment-friendly. The fabrication of the equipment was based on pyrolysis process. The main components were the heating chamber, condensing chamber, chiller pump, frame, motor, and hopper. The products obtained from pyrolysis are bio-fuel, wax and pyrolysis gas.

Keywords: Waste Plastic, Pyrolysis, Pyrolysis Oil, Thermal cracking.

30

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-FC3F17

Controlled Reactive Power in Wind Connected Grid With And Without STATCOM Using MATLAB/SIMULINK

M. PRATHIMA , A.NAGA JYOTHI, B. NEELAVENI, P.ASHWANTH KUMAR, G. ANUSHA · ASST. PROF, SSIT, JNTUH, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Voltage Stability and reactive power balance could be a key challenge for the stable operation of grid connected wind farm through-out the faults and grid interruptions. When the wind farm is directly connected to grid, the voltage stability is that the main issue for squirrel cage induction generator (SCIG) because of intermittent nature of wind velocity. Voltage stability drawback is sorted out with the help of flexible AC transmission system (FACTS) devices like static synchronous compensator (STATCOM). A STATCOM is used to counter problems like ransient stability support in network including Squirrel Cage wind generator. The wind power system model is implemented using SIMULINK .The STATCOM results are better than static var compensator (SVC) for the stable operation of SCIG. STATCOM improves the stability problem and so help the wind generator system to remain in service throughout grid faults. In order to minimize the lagging nature some compensation techniques has to be implemented such as, Active Power Filter Control (APF), Synchronous Reference Frame and Sensitivity Method

Keywords: Wind Farm, STATCOM, Reactive Power, Squirrel Cage Induction Generator, Active Power Filter Control, Synchronous Reference Frame, Sensitivity Method.Matlab/Simulink.

31

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-5A576A

COMPARATIVE STUDY ON SHEAR STRENGTHNING OF RCC BEAMS USING FERROCEMENT AND ARAMID FIBER

Mr. Sonu Vaghel · Civil engineering department LJ Institute of Engineering and Technology Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In this paper an experimental study is presented which details the difference in strength of aramid fibre polymer reinforced and ferrocement jacketing. For this study, Fourty two beams of cross section 300x120mm and overall length of 700mm are casted. 06 beams were served as control beams. Shear test was carried out under UTM. three wrapping pattern were adopted for the experiment work i.e. Single Layer, Double Layer, 80mm strip of aramid fibre, Single layer of ferrocement wire mesh and aramid fibre sheet and Double layer of ferrocement mesh and aramid fibre sheet.

Keywords: retrofitting, fibre reinforced polymer, aramid fibre, ferrocement jacketing, shear strengthning.

32

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-83947D

Seismic Analysis of High-Rise Buildings (G+30) by Using ETABS

DR. K. CHANDRASEKHAR REDDY , G. LALITH KUMAR · Professor & Principal, Department of Civil Engineering, Siddharth institute of engineering & technology, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract ETABS stand for Extended Three Dimensional Analysis of Building Systems. ETABS integrates every aspect of the engineering design process. In the present situations of construction industry, the buildings that are being constructed are gaining significance, in general, those with the best possible outcomes which are referred to members like beams and columns in multi storeys R.C structures. This software mainly used for structures like highrise buildings, steel and concrete structures. The paper aims to analyze a high-rise building of 30 floors (G+30) by considering seismic, dead and live loads. The design criteria for high-rise buildings are strength, serviceability and stability. The version of the software used is ETABS 2016.In the present study, we are mainly determining the effects of lateral loads on moments, shear force, axial force, base shear, maximum displacement and tensile forces on structural system are subjected and also comparing the results of seismic zones 2, 3, 4 and 5.

Keywords: ETABS; Seismic Analysis; High-rise buildings.

33

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-E855DF

AN EVALUATION OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR (R) OF CABLE STAYED SUSPENSION HYBRID BRIDGE

Krutarth Talati , V. R. Panchal, A. N. Parikh · Post Graduate Student (Structural Engineering), Department.of Civil.Engineering, .Chandubhai S. Patel Institute of Technology, Charotar University of Science.and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The requirement of large span bridges increases with the development in every nation. Cable stayed suspension hybrid bridge could be acceptable choice as long span bridges. The reason of this study is to find Response Reduction Factor (R) of this type of bridge with different type of pylon shapes using midas Civil software. Nonlinear Static Analysis is carried out to determine this factor. The ‘R’ factor is applied to base shear of the bridge for economical bridge design. There is no specific value of ‘R’ Factor mention in IRC codes. From the study, it is observed that values of ‘R’ for seismic Zone : II are 6.3884, 4.6880, 7.7322 for H type, Diamond type, A type pylon shape, respectively.

Keywords: Cable Stayed Suspension Hybrid Bridge; Response Reduction Factor (R); Nonlinear Static Analysis (pushover analysis)

34

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-98003C

Efficient Linear Wireless Sensor System for Traffic and Electric Transmission using E-ELAR Protocol

Maddali M. V. M. Kumar , K. Sarath Kumar · Assistant Professor, Dept. of MCA, St. Ann’s College of Engineering & Technology, Chirala., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The most skilfully deprecatory intrigue mosey be experiencing be tackled in plotting a suggestion announce enumeration for formal probe systems is the initiative by which to give forth entangled with palp concentrate exercise to the fullest addressing the necessities of uses/clients as the antenna hubs are battery restricted. Magnitude conclusion the proceeding tight educate, it is too streamer to conclude the nutter of dispensation. If close by keystone be an undertaking of twine operation, it is gonfalon to experience the indication on duration. Achieving typical of administering in WSNs is over critical. Appropriately as to carry out this necessity, Energy Efficient Linear Aware Routing (E-ELAR) pilotage body for chilly sensor systems is practical turn this like one another spares the sortie by productively choosing the combat effective showing in the operating procedure. At the sighting promptly inception discovers come near to goal, it ascertains α for each proposals. The story α depends on first smallest chronic manners of the in like undertaking and start tally of the akin. On the retire from luck turn this showing a course has upper-class α, rove way is picked out for directing the evidence. The computation of α chief be preferred, if the outstanding of tiniest lasting affray of the way is exceptional and the supply of galumph catch is lower. Directly the way is chosen, information is joint vibrate on the same frequency the way. Accordingly, as to offensive the force wit condone radio emphasis of the hubs is as well in spite of hinge on the area of their neighbor. In the punt range the neighbors of a meet are day by day sour to go off at a tangent nucleus, show zone of the centre is diminished. In this manner it is okay for the cluster to take on the radio ability to end the neighbor prime that extend. Thus radio inflection of the hub is reduce which along these come along diminishes the movement industriousness of the hub. Our representational hoax is reenacted look over Network Simulator (NS-2). True to life AODV and Man-Min deed navigation body additionally reenacted through NS-2 for Obviously examination. Apportion Distribution Table of contents, Conduct Weariness and end-to-end pinch (Quality of Service metric) are picked as execution measurements. Execution of the professed making is contrasted and the factual AODV and Max-Min vitality pilotage conclave by dependent on the measurements. Our purported setting up gives rally just about vitality utilization than AODV and lower delay than the Max-Min vitality directing horde. In this way, our minimal directing convention spares the vitality and in accomplishes the fine nature of administration by giving lower deferral to information exchange.

Keywords: E-ELAR, Power-productive Energy-Aware directing convention, AODV, Max-Min vitality steering convention.

35

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-FB915B

A Novel Self-Educated Low-Position Coding Approach For Visual Learning.

V.S. Ramanjaneyulu , M. Sarada · PG student, dept. of MCA, St. Ann’s College of Engineering & Technology, Chirala., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The absence of marked information exhibits a typical test in numerous PC vision and machine learning undertakings. Semi supervised learning and exchange learning strategies have been created to handle this test by using assistant examples from a similar space or from an alternate area, individually. Self-educated realizing, which is an uncommon sort of exchange learning, has less confinements on the decision of helper information. It has indicated promising execution in visual learning. Be that as it may, existing selftaught learning strategies for the most part overlook the structure data in information. In this paper, we center around building a self-trained coding system, which can successfully use the rich low-level example data disconnected from the assistant space, so as to describe the abnormal state auxiliary data in the objective area. By utilizing a great word reference learned crosswise over helper and target spaces, the proposed methodology learns expressive coding for the examples in the objective area. Since numerous sorts of visual information have been demonstrated to contain subspace structures, a low-position imperative is acquainted into the coding objective with better portray the structure of the given target set. The proposed portrayal learning system is called self-trained low-position (S-Low) coding, which can be figured as a non convex rank-minimization and lexicon learning issue. We devise an effective majorization minimization enlarged Lagrange multiplier calculation to illuminate it. In light of the proposed S-Low coding instrument, both unsupervised and directed visual learning calculations are inferred. Broad investigations on five benchmark informational indexes exhibit the viability of our methodology.

Keywords: Data bunching, picture grouping, low-position coding, self-educated learning (STL), exchange learning.

36

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-5B1688

Estimating Patient Demand for Health Services By Using Data Mining Techniques

M. Radha SaiLakshmi Majeti , Dr.K.S. Yuvaraj · Pg Student, Dept. of MCA, St.Ann’s College of Engineering & Technology, Chirala, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The capacity to all the more likely figure interest for wellbeing administrations is a basic component to Maintaining a steady nature of consideration. Realizing how certain occasions can affect necessities, human services benefit provider can all the more likely allocate accessible assets to all the more adequately treat patients' needs. The encapsulation of information mining investigation can bolster accessible information to recognize repeating designs through pertinent factors, and these examples give noteworthy data to satisfactory choice markers at social insurance structures. The ask for medicinal services administrations can be liable to change from season (regularity) and financial components. This paper embodies the adequacy of information mining examination in distinguishing regularity and monetary factors as estimated by time that influence persistent interest for social insurance administrations. It fuses a neural system systematic strategy that is connected over a promptly accessible dataset. The outcomes demonstrate that day of week, month of year, and a yearly pattern essentially affect the interest for patient administrations.

Keywords: Data mining, nueronal systems, choice emotionally supportive networks, medicinal services IT .

37

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-34B374

A EXPERIMENTAL USAGE OF JUTE REINFORCEMETN IN THE FOAM CONCRETE

Jayarama ChandraSekhar Samudrala , Kalipindi Kamala Negendra Kumar, Maganti Bhavya, Buridi Prasadu, Purama Naga DurgaRao, Revulagadda Spandhana, Bale. Satyanarayana · student, Bachelor of Technology , Department of Civil Engineering, Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The fiber can be the effective material to reinforce concrete. It will not only improve the compressive strength it will explore the properties of concrete. By using the jute as the reinforcement material for the concrete, it will restrict the utilization of the polymer which is environmentally detrimental. Jute is locally available and hence, less expensive. To achieve this goal, an experimental investigation of the compressive strength of the Jute Reinforced Foam Concrete (JRFC) has been conducted. Cube of standard dimensions have been made to introduce jute varying the mix ratio of the ingredients in concrete, W/C ratio, and volume of the fiber to know the effect of parameters as mentioned. Compressive strength test has been conducted on the prepared samples by appropriate testing apparatus according to the standard specifications. The final conclusion of this study was the maximum strength of the jute reinforced foam concrete is 2.6MPa and 2.3MPa for the concentration of 0.3 percentage in the form of jute fiber and jute yarn respectively. The strengths of jute fiber reinforced foam concrete and jute yarn reinforced foam concrete has been increased 30% and 15% respect to the foam concrete.

Keywords: Composition, Mix Design, Jute Fiber, Jute Yarn, Reinforcement, Compressive Strength, Concrete, Foam Concrete.

38

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-CE46B9

A EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON BOTH CEMENT AND FINE AGGREGATE BY PARTIAL REPLACEMENT WITH POND ASH

GAMPA GANESH , NARAHARISETTI BHAVANI PRASAD, KADIYALA JAYA LAKSHMI, THOTA BHANU KUMARI, G N V S MAHARAJ, KATRAGADDA DIVYA, CH VEEROTTAM KUMAR · Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract This paper presents on a experimental study on cement and fine aggregate by partial replacement with pond ash. The amount of coal ash waste produced in a thermal power plant in vijayawada is huge amount of pond ash can be produced . Improper disposal of pond ash will effect the ground water table and effect environmental problems like air pollution and ground pollution. By these conditions,during this study we tend to attempt notice an answer by utilizing pond ash material for concrete producing. The disposal of pond ash used in wet method and also used in land fill. In cement 20% fly ash used in concrete, so we were presented cement is partial replacement with pond ash in project starts with 20%,25%,30%,35%,40%. The optimum usage of pond ash used in concrete and check the properties of fresh concrete and compare with conventional concrete by compressive strength test and workability.

In this study pond ash partial replaced in both cement and fine aggregate in 10%, 15%, 20%. This study is to save the natural resources and reuse of pond ash in construction activity and decrease the disposal problem of pond ash. Pond ash contain two types of ashes they are bottom ash and fly ash. As compared to conventional concrete the strength has been increased 25% by adding 30% of pond ask in cement, fine aggregate and cement replaced with pond ash with 10%, increases 30% of strength as compared to the conventional concrete strength.

Keywords: pond ash, fly ash bottom ash , land fill, compressive strength, workability, natural resources, w et method.

39

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A818D5

Landslide Hazard Zonation Map of Nainital Region Using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS)

Karimullah Ahmadi , Prof. Dr. R. D. Shah · ME Research Scholar, Geology Department, Gujarat University, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The present work is mainly focused on the Landslide Hazard Zonation of the area in Nainital Region. Uttarakhand, India. Most disasters have so far spared urban centres of Uttarakhand and Nainital is amongst a few that having recorded history of massive and repeated devastations. The input parameters used in this study area are satellite imagery, topographic map, soil map, geological map and ground observations. All the thematic layers (geology, slope, aspect, structure, drainage, lineament, geomorphology, road network and land use/land cover) have been correlated for assessment of landslide hazard zonation mapping on the basis of observations made therein. This Paper describe the use of a GIS and remote sensing data base, compiled from existing digital map, satellite data, and field investigations to assessment of landslide hazard zonation of area around Nainital. The resultant landslide hazard map has will prepare in three classes with different values. The value classes represented various zone with varying probable intensity of occurrence of hazards. The each class is based on the level of potential intensity of the hazard. These classes are as follows Low hazard, Medium hazard and High hazard.

Keywords: Landslide, GIS &RS, Geomorphology, Geology, Lithology, Thematic maps, Landslide Hazard Zonation.

40

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-497DB4

DEVELOPMENTOF CAPACITY AND DELAY MODEL FOR UNCONTROLLED MEDIAN OPENINGS UNDER MIXED TRAFFIC CONDITION

R. Srinivasa Kumar , V. Priyanka, K. Shashi kumar · Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, University College of Engineering, Osmania University., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Establishment of un-signalized median openings have expanded in numerous urban districts of cities in India. The thought process behind this establishment is to take out issues connected with illicit U-turns occurring at crossing points and other transportation facilities near these median openings on multi-lane urban streets. Most of the median openings in India are uncontrolled and un-signalized. The goal of this study is to develop a procedure for developing the capacity of U-turn movement at median openings on multilane highways. Data were collected at five selected median openings in the city Hyderabad. Data were collected in peak hours using video recording technique at the selected sections, which are free from gradient, curves, on street parking, pedestrian movement and effect non-motorized vehicles. Normally, the speed of conflicting traffic stream is relatively high and the turning vehicle must wait for accepted gap and then turn under low speed level. Therefore, the turning vehicle needs large gap in the conflicting stream before performing the U-turn. In fact, the little studies, which contain procedures and models for estimating capacity and delay for different movements at un-signalized intersections, do not provide specific guidelines for estimating capacity and delay of U-turn movement at median openings. For this reason, an effort was made to estimate capacity and delay at U-turn median openings. In this study, empirical approach is used to estimate capacity of U-turn movement at median openings of divided arterials. The empirical approach using regression analysis was adopted to estimate the best form of the predictive equation for the U-turn capacity and investigate the effect of different relevant factors that might affect the stimated capacity. The results of the approach are presented in this study. A linear model was also recommended as a relationship between the average total delay of the U- turning vehicles and the conflicting traffic flow.

Keywords: Traffic engineering, Median opening, U-turn, Capacity, Delay and Conflicting Traffic Flow.

41

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-9762BC

Image Enhancement on FPGA using Verilog

Dr. Sagar Patel , Krinesh Patel, Keval Patel, Chaitanya Patel · Department of Electronic and Communication, CHARUSAT, Changa, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract image magnification techniques are to improving the visual quality of Image. essential objective of image enhancement is to process an image in order that end result is greater suitable than original image for specific application. This paper shows constant equipment image enhancement methods utilizing field programmable gate array (FPGA). image enhancement algorithms are brightness addition, brightness subtraction, inverting and thresholding use in this paper. FPGA is highly alternative of fast performance of digital signal processing application. These algorithms are implemented in Verilog HDL using Xilinx ISE, MATLAB.

Keywords: Matlab and Xilinx ISE software, Verilog HDL, Image Enhancement, Magnification, image Processing.

42

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-F51B83

Performance Evaluation of Composite Powder Metallurgy Electrode on P20+Ni Steel Using Electric Discharge Machining

J. L. Ramdatti , A. V. Gohil · Research Scholar, Gujarat Technological University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In this work, an attempt has been made to study the performance of electrode prepared with Tungsten (W), Copper (Cu), and Silicon (Si) powder using powder metallurgy process on P20+Ni steel using Electric Discharge Machining (EDM). The work has been performed with negative polarity (electrode negative and work as positive) and EDM oil as a dielectric fluid. To measure the performance of P/M electrode experiments planned and performed as per Taguchi L9 orthogonal array. The effects of input process parameters such as Compaction pressure, Peak current, and Pulse on time have been investigated to identify their effects on Material removal rate (MRR) and Surface roughness (SR). It was observed that there was the significant role of P/M electrode on the performance of Electrical Discharge Machining using controlled input parameters.

Keywords: Electric Discharge Machining (EDM), Powder Metallurgy (P/M), Material removal rate (MRR), Surface Roughness (SR), Taguchi Methods

43

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-2FBA17

Brief Review on AES, DES, TDES Cryptographic Algorithms

Dr Sagar B Patel , Dr Arpita P Patel, Meet Anand Patel, Prit Hasmukhbhai Patel · V.T Patel Department of Electronics and Communications Engineering Chandubhai.S. Patel Institute of Technology, Charotar University of Science and Technology, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In the world of billions of people the internet plays major role for providing the communication between them, and to make the connection and communication stronger and more secure we need cryptography and its algorithm. In this article we have described the brief review of the block cipher algorithms like Advanced Encryption System, Data Encryption System, Triple Data Encryption System which have symmetric key. where the key is private. And also have discussed and compared the parameter of the algorithms.

Keywords: Cryptography, Encryption, Decryption, AES, DES, TDES.

44

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-CEDE24

EFFECT ON COMPACTION AND CBR CHARACTERISTICS OF CLAYEY SOILS USING GLASS POWDER AS STABILIZING AGENT

Ameer Ullah Ganai , Vaseem Ahmad Shahnaz · Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SoET, BGSB University, Rajouri, J&K., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In the present experimental investigation glass powder is used as a soil stabilizer in clayey soils. The different percentage of glass powder are added to the soil and the parameters like dry density, liquid limit, plastic limit, CBR are determined and compared with non-stabilized clay soil. The glass powder was used in varying percentages from 0-6%. On varying the percentages of glass powder by weight of soil the value of liquid limit and plastic limit increased from 21.54% to 22 % and from 7.1% to 15% respectively up to 5% glass powder and there after it started decreasing on further addition of glass powder. The values of maximum dry density where obtained as 1.82 g/cm3, 1.84 g/cm3 and 1.83 g/cm3 at 4%, 5% and 6% glass powder by weight of soil respectively, hence maximum value of dry density was observed at 5% glass powder. The maximum value of Optimum moisture content (equal to14.83%) was observed at 6% glass powder and after upon further addition of glass powder, it decreased continuously. The California Bearing Ratio values were observed as 0.4149 and 0.309 at 4% and 6% glass powder by weight of soil respectively, the maximum value of California Bearing Ratio i.e. 0.575 was observed at 5% glass powder by weight of soil. Hence from the above experimental observations it can be predicte that soil stabilization occurs maximum at 5% glass powder, so 5% glass powder can be taken as optimum value.

Keywords: Soil Stabilization, Glass Powder, OMC, MDD, CBR.

45

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-2AB54A

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STRENGTH PARAMETERS OF RECYCLED AGGREGATE CONCRETE USING GGBS AND FLYASH

B.Rama Raju , M.Veera Reddy · PG Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, KITS Warangal, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The rapid growth in the construction and depletion of natural resources requires the technology of recycling and reuse that will be adopted in the field of construction. The use of recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) is one of the approaches to this need and also cement is one of the most energy-intensive construction materials and its production involves very high-temperature processing (1400 ° C to 1500 ° C ) and leads to the uncontrolled extraction of natural resources and the emission of CO2 (greenhouse gas). There are many efforts to reduce Portland cement in construction. These efforts include the use of supplementary cementitious materials, as well as the use of alternative materials instead of Portland cement. In the present work, the cement is replaced with GGBS and Flyash at a constant of 40% and 25% and the coarse aggregate is replaced with the recycled coarse aggregate in proportions of 0%, 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% hardened properties such as compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength are studied for the M30 grade of concrete. It has been observed that as the percentage of coarse aggregate increases the strength decreases.

Keywords: Recycled Coarse Aggregates (RCA), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS), Flyash, Ordinary Portland cement (OPC).

46

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-B6A49D

A STUDY ON COMPATIBILITY OF CONCRETE WITH USAGE OF TREATED DOMESTIC WASTE WATER IN CONCRETING.

Vennapusa Madhusudhan Reddy , Pamireddy Jaya Bhargavi, Pisini Gopinadh, Korlam Shyam Kumar, Pilla Devi Rakesh, Nerusu Pushpa Venkata Anirudh, Dhanukonda Leela Prasad · student, B.Tech, Department of Civil Engineering, Ramachandra College Of Engineering, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The water that is nonheritable from the biodegradable pollution treatment plant is termed as treated domestic sewer water. Where, because the water that traditionally used for drinking and different construction purpose is noted as normal or potable water. Rather than of potable water that is employed for concrete, we have a tendency to replacement the treated domestic sewer water. Superplasticizer is additional as a chemical admixture to that. The addition of superplasticizer to concrete imparts high strength and workability to that, even at terribly smaller watercement ratios. The explanation behind the employment of superplasticizer was to attenuate the amount of treated domestic sewer water so as to attenuate the adverse effects if any. However to urge the most have the benefit of this integration of concrete and superplasticizer, the incompatibility issues between these 2 ought to be studied. With in the gift work, the aim is to seek out the optimum dose for various superplasticizers, for a specific grade of cement, victimisation Marsh Cone check and comparison of compressive strength between the cubes solid with each traditional and treated domestic sewer water. Conjointly completely different attenuate w/c ratios are taken to indicate
the compressive strengths with the addition of superplasticizer in concrete.

Keywords: Compatibility, Marsh cone, Treated domestic sewer water, Superplasticizers.

47

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-51E9D6

EFFECTS OF THE TRIBUTARIES ON WATER QUALITY PARAMETERS OF RIVER JHELUM

Vaseem Ahmad Shahnaz · Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SOET, BGSB University, Rajouri, J&K, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The present study was carried out with an aim to assess the water quality parameters at different sites of upper River Jhelum along its course from its source Verinag up to Baramulla. Also, the water quality parameters of three tributaries namely Lidder river, Vishow Nallah and Romshi Nallah were determined and the effects of these tributaries on the water quality of River Jhelum were assessed. It was observed that the concentration of physical and chemical parameters varied with respect to the collection sites along the course of River Jhelum. The study helps in identifying the sites that require attention for a sustainable development of the environment and summons the need to take necessary measures at specific locations for controlling various parameters which are close to or beyond standard permissible limits.

Keywords: River Jhelum; Water Quality; Lidder River; Parameters; Tributaries.

48

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-5C598C

Concurrent Determination of Teneligliptin Hydrobromide Hydrate and Metformin Hydrochloride Development and Validation by UV-VIS Spectrophotometry in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Dosage Form.

Viral A. Patel , Dr. Chintan Pandya, Dr. Adeeti Pandya, Dr. Jasmin Kumbhani, Dharamesh Patel, Zalak Patel · Department of chemistry- H.V.H.P Institute of post graduate studies and research, Kadi. KSV University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract An easy, precise, exact, cost effective, reproducible and economical UV spectrophotometric methods was developed and validated for the simultaneous determination Teneligliptin Hydrobromide hydrate and Metformin Hydrochloride in tablet dosage form and pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on choice of wavelengths; someplace one drug shows identical absorbance or variation between absorbance is zero and additional drug shows some reply. The wavelengths selected for use of Teneligliptin were 243 nm. While, wavelengths select for use of Metformin were 233 nm. Water was in used as solvent. Beer’s law was observing in the absorption range of 1.4 – 2.6 µg mL-1 for Teneligliptin and 35-65 µg mL-1 for Metformin. Development study for Teneligliptin and Metformin were performed and the percentage recovery for both the drugs were obtained in the range of 98.40-100.20% confirms the accuracy of the proposed method. The outcome woes verified that the procedure is accurate, precise and reproducible while being easy, not expensive and less time consuming and hence can be suitably applied for the estimation of Teneligliptin and Metformin in different dosage forms and successfully applied to determination of these drugs in commercial tablets.

Keywords: UV spectrophotometric, Teneligliptin Hydro bromide hydrate, Metformin Hydrochloride

49

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-56D944

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZING MICROORGANISMS FROM SOIL OF KOSAMBA REGION

Dr. Aditee Pandya , Dr. Chintan Pandya, Dr. Bharti Dave · School of Sciences, P P Savani University, Gujarat, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract One of the macronutrient which is highly needed for plant growth, uptake and development is Phosphorus, apart from Nitrogen and Pottasium. Comparison to other elements it is the least mobile element in plant as well as in soil and so its needed that the Phosphorus present in the soil in the anonymous form should reach to the plants in the soluble and usable form. Phosphorous solubilizing organisms play key role in phosphorous nutrition by enhancing and increasing its avalibilty to the plants through the release from various niches by solubilisation and mineralization. Soils from various parts of garden were taken and a laboratory study was carried out for isolation and identification of Phosphorus solubilizing Microorganisms (PSM). PSM isolated from various soil samples indicated the mechanism behind the Phosphorous solubilisation is pH reduction by production of various organic acids. The efficacy of PSM to solubilize phosphorous enhances transpiration, photosynthesis, respiration, flower formation, fruit production. The present study indicates that the presence of diverse plants in the garden associated with Phosphorus solubilizing micro organisms act as potential and efficient bio fertilizers which can be a new tred in present scenario.

Keywords: Phosphorous, Phosphorous solubilizing microorganisms, mineralization, pH reduction, biofertilizers, bacteria, fungi.

50

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-8510F0

PROBABILISTIC BLUNDERS MODELING FOR APPROXIMATE ADDERS

Professor.Jaganmohan Rao.S , M.Rani Kamala · Professor, Dept of ECE, Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru, A.P.India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Approximate adders are used in applications that are error tolerant to save on power and area. Basically, in error resilient applications, approximate adders are used to obtain high performance gain. In this paper we presented a analytical model for approximate adders (i.e.) Probability Mass Function (PMF). This PMF unit consists of sub adder units which are in uniform as well as non-uniform lengths. A closed form of expression is derived for the error probability to obtain high performance. By using arbitrary input distributions the analytical part is determined. By using the proposed error model, we can estimate the probability of error in circuits with multiple approximate adders. The proposed error model is most widely used in practical applications of image processing. Therefore the proposed designs achieve the best tradeoff between accuracy, delay and power.

Keywords: Approximate computing, adders, probability of error, probability mass function (PMF), image smoothing, modeling, arithmetic, analysis.

51

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-97CC61

AUTOMATED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE BASED BREAST CANCER AND DIABETES PREDICTION

Tawseef Ayoub Shaikh , Rashid Ali · Department of Computer Engineering, Aligarh Muslim University, Uttar Pradesh, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract This paper carries a rigorous and in depth evaluation of top most four data mining algorithm techniques i.e. Naive Bayes, J48, SVM (Support Vector Machine) and an Ensemble in the form of Bagging, using ROC (receiver operating characteristics) as parameter. All four algorithms are evaluated on two benchmark datasets of breast cancer and diabetes and data processing is accordingly done in three different most extensively used data mining tools like Weka, Tanagra and MATLAB. The ROC in MATLAB always leaded the team in breast cancer case with an ROC value of 99.18 in all the four data mining algorithms case. This was followed by Bagging in Weka with an ROC value of 98.72, followed by Naive Bayes in Weka with ROC value of 97.54. Tanagra got the 96.18 as the highest ROC in Ensemble case. Both Weka and Tanagra got lesser values than the MATALB in all the four cases. On the other hand, in case of diabetes dataset, the trend changed where it is Naive Bayes with a value of 81.86 which topped the list in Weka, Tanagre and MATLAB. Similarly, in Tanagra case J48 with a value of 79.17 got the credit of leader. Again in SVM, MATLAB topped with a value 83.84 and finally in Ensemble, MATLAB with a value of 99.18 became the leader.

Keywords: Navie Bayes, Ensemble, Data mining Algorithms, ROC (Receiver operating Characteristics), Weka, Tanagra

52

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-172003

STUDY ON STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF BLACK COTTON SOIL USING TREATED COIR FIBRE AND QUARRY DUST USING CBR

K.SIva Teja Varma , D.Vigneswara Rao, R.prabhu Prasad, S. Sahiti, J.Jaya Lakshmi. · B.tech Student, Department of civil engineering, Ramachandra College of engineering, eluru, Andhra Pradesh, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In general black cotton soil is widely distributed all over the india. Construction of land based structures become very difficult on black cotton soil because of black cotton soil characteristics like high swelling index and shrinkage. So we are interested to counter act its characteristics by using waste materials like quarry dust and coir fiber those are of less cost and also minimizing the wastes. It was also a best method of disposal of wastes. Coir fibers are decomposable material to preserve that it was treated with sodium hydroxide (NAOH).

Keywords: black cotton soil, quarry dust, coir fiber, NAOH, Index properties, CBR

53

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-B05585

APPLICATION OF SIX-SIGMA TOOL AT BRIDGE SITE

M.Zaid Z. Qureshi , Bhavin Kashiyani · M. Tech. Student & SNPIT & RC, Umrakh, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Six sigma has been successfully implemented in many manufacture and business sectors for quality and production improvement but it is new to construction sector and this philosophy is to reduce the defects in the construction. In order to improve the productivity of construction projects and achieve reliable workflow, it is necessary to quantify the eventual goals for the target process assessment_ This study explores whether Six-Sigma principles that were originally and widely applied to the manufacturing industry can be applied to the construction industry or not. The Six-Sigma takes attention to the quality that customers are concerned with and also contribute to achieve efficiency and reduce costs. As the infrastructure is very vast topic to study, so the study will be carry out on the bridge construction. Here an attempt has been made that the theories regarding the Six-Sigma tool are practically implemented in the construction industry. Here, this tool is applied at the bridge construction site. In this research work, the number of defects at the site were found out using the checklist and interviews to get the current Sigma level that came to be 2.81 and it was later improved by using the DMAIC methodology of Six-Sigma. After finding the current Sigma value, recommendations were given along with the repair measures.

Keywords: Six Sigma , Quality Control , Construction Industry , DMAIC

54

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-205589

VEHICLE ACCIDENT LOCATION IDENTIFYING ALERT SYSTEM

Ch. Venkateswara Rao , K. Pavan Kumar, T. Charishmaa, P. Divya, V. Sangam Naidu · Assistant Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sanketika Vidya Parishad Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract This system designs the prototype of accident alert system which is mainly based on Arduino, GPS, GSM and MEMS Accelerometer.When an accident is occurred it is identified immediately and its location is transmitted to one or more subscribers of the system via GSM service.Then the location information can be displayed on the google map by the subscriber, in order to reach the scene of the accident faster and provide necessary medical services required.The communication between the web server and the hardware device is established via GSM shield and the location is traced via GPS shield.

Keywords: GSM , GPS , MEMS Accelerometer, Arduino

55

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-B9997E

DEVELOPMENTS IN WORKHOLDING DEVICES – A REVIEW

Sukhwinder Singh , Deepam Goyal, BS Pabla · Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training & Research Chandigarh, India – 160019, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract With the advancement in the latest technologies and the competitiveness in the market of the modern era, the custom design fixtures for a specific workpiece are very time consuming and expensive to manufacture, but also they are not having the enough flexibility to tackle with the components or assemblies of the different geometry and sizes. This is truly an unwilling situation in the manufacturing to deliver a wide variation in the parts or products for the marketplace. Hence, the selection of appropriate holding devices affects the cost and quality of manufactured components. This paper presents the state-of-the-art review on developments in the fixtures for flexible manufacturing.

Keywords: Jigs and Fixtures; Machining; Flexible Manufacturing System; Reconfiguration

56

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-FCFF09

Co-ordination control of Hybrid AC/DC nano grid connected photovoltaic reactive power and battery energy storage system to improve voltage profile and power quality

T. Rambabu , Ch.Naga Surya, J. Sandhya, Ch. Mamatha, K. Ayyappa · Electrical and Electronics Engineering & JNTUH, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Hybrid AC/DC home structure is designed by involving DC distribution network connected to an AC network through an AC to DC controlled converters. Dc loads are for by renewable sources and these are used for electrical drives. Ac loads are for our continuous loads. In this paper we are integrating nano gird connected photovoltaic reactive power and battery energy storage system to improve power quality and achieving good voltage profile. So we want to decreases voltage rise voltage dip problems.

Keywords: Battery energy storage (BES), photovoltaic (PV), active power filter (APF), power factor correction (PFC), harmonic mitigation.

57

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-0321F6

DO-GOODER AN ANDROID APPLICATION FOR NEED IN DEED

NRGK. Prasad , K. Hema, K. Haranadha Rao, D. Usha Rani, J.Harsha Vardhen · Assistant Professor, Dept. of Computer Science and Engineering, Sanketika Vidya Parishad Engineering College, Visakhapatnam, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The Do-Gooder is an Android Application which is used to serve the Poor and Needy people. It is also used for food donation system where the restaurants will be able to find suitable charities in their local areas to donate their excess food on any day.

This will not only save a lot of food that otherwise goes to waste but it will also help lots of poor people. If the user will see any poor people like un educated children or old age people at foot path or at any place the user can upload there picture and details of that place in the application.

Keywords: Food Donation, share Location, Nearby NGO’s and Old Age Homes, Sponsors

58

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-6FA98F

Performance analysis of “Petroleum Well”

SURESH R VAGHASIYA · Production Engineering Department Government Engineering College, Bhavnagar, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Oil exploration is a capital intensive activity. Uncertain outcome, high stakes and volatile crude oil price makes it a high risk business. In such circumstances, companies relying on two key factors: operational efficiency and cost optimization. Moreover, problem of disproportionate attribution of input cost to the revenues often exists. For these issues, understanding the oil well-costs is very important. This paper describes various phases of oil well drilling activity and cost associated with it. Drilling time is very vital due to limited availability and high rental cost. The study draws the conceptual background for the oil well performance analysis. The various factors influencing cost of petroleum well like time dependent and time-independent cost, well planning cycle, and authorities for expenditure are studied in this paper. The study focuses on complexity involved in cost estimation of oil well drilling operation.

Keywords: Oil Exploration, Oil well, Technical Limit, Authority for Expenditure, Pre-Spud

59

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-938551

An ANSYS Software Analysis of Different Nozzle Exit Geometries of FDM Machine Nozzle

Jaimin V Thakkar , Saurabh A. Ban, Akash B Pandey · P.G. Student, Assistant Professor, Assistant Professor Department of Mechanical SVIT, Vasad, SVIT, Vasad, Faculty of Technology Engg. MSU, Vadodara., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Fused deposition modeling (FDM) is process of Additive Manufacturing which can generates 3D object from CAD model imported from any of CAD software. It is process in which semi-molten viscoelastic fluid extruded out from heated nozzle tip in pre- defined direction. After the deposition of semi-molten material on platform its temperature starts to be reduced, solidifies and bonding between surrounding filament become stronger. The purpose of this study to investigate the effect of various nozzle exit geometries such as square and triangular, on melt flow properties and temperature distribution of filament of ABS material during deposition process. To analyze that effect and melt flow behaviour ANSYS ACADEMIC 19.2 version is used. All that analysis performed in ANSYS FLUENT. Velocity distribution, pressure drop and flow out of nozzle tip with different geometries are simulated.

From the FLUENT results it is observed that the pressure distribution along the length and corners of nozzle is approximately uniform in case of square nozzle exit geometry compared to other two. Also in case of velocity it is seen that maximum value obtained for triangular exit than the other shape. But for optimization point of view square nozzle is better in case of pressure distribution and filament bonding.

Keywords: Fused deposition modeling (FDM), nozzle exit geometries, CFD, pressure drop and velocity distribution solidification, flow characteristics.

60

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-1E29C6

Analysis of a sandwich composite beam using Finite element (ANSYS) and Classical Elastic Engineering stress theory.

Umar Dass · Assistant professor, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Islamic University of Science and Technology Awantipora 192122 J&K India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract A comparison of Finite element based solution using ANSYS is made for a sandwich beam with the classical theory. Two different loading conditions are applied on the beam and the results are compared simultaneously with the FEM based solution and the classical theory. It has been shown that the concentrated load shows higher deviation in the classical theory with the FEM based solution. Sandwich beams offer high stiffness with light weight; however the impact load or localized loading provides an important challenge of analyzing the localized stress concentrations. It is proved that the localized stresses due to concentrated load need to be analyzed more rigorously and that the core stresses cannot be neglected for localized loading.

Keywords: Finite Element Method; ANSYS; Sandwich beam; Stress concentration; Localized Loading

61

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-FDE1B7

STUDY OF MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE AND ITS IMPROVEMENT BY USING GRAPHENE

Muzafar Ahmad Kouchay · Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic University, Awantipora-192122-India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In this Study, the advanced mechanical as well as various improved properties of cement are discussed when modified with graphene. Graphene's ability to enhance and bestow new properties on various materials was something that has attracted scientists' attention well before the arrival of the 'Storm of the Century.' Its applications include anticorrosion or electro conductive coatings, lubricants, motor oils that greatly increase the efficiency and service life of components, and many more. We investigate the performance of graphene in improving mechanical properties of cement composites. The mechanical strength of graphene-cement containing 0.05–0.20 wt.% Graphene was measured and compared with that of cement prepared without Graphene. We find that the tensile strength of the cement mortar increased with Graphene content, reaching 0.15%, a 40% increase in tensile strength.

Keywords: Mechanical properties, Graphene, Improvement etc.

62

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-43BC0C

A REVIEW ON MICROSTRUCTURAL CHARACTERISTICS OF NANOSILICA BASED HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE

Suhail Ahmad Ahanger · Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The development of new and efficient admixtures in the field of concrete technology has made possible the concept of high strength concrete. The incorporation of the small sized particles in the conventional concrete has made the process of formation of high strength concrete easier and flawless. Concrete strengths much higher than 55 MPa are gaining acceptance in the modern construction industry. The Nano sized particles upon incorporation in the concrete effects the microstructure of concrete remarkably. The paper reviews the various microstructural characteristics of high strength concrete that differentiates it from the conventional concrete or normal concrete. Various remarkable effects on the hydration products are discussed which are due to the addition of Nano sized particle in the concrete.

Keywords: High strength concrete; Nano sized particle; Microstructure of Concrete; Hydration products.

63

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-24B94A

EXAMINING ROAD AND TRAFFIC CONDITIONSIN ACCORDANCE WITH ROAD SAFETY RULE

Muzafar Ahmad Kouchay · Deptt. of Civil Engineering, Islamic University, Awantipora-192122-India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract This experimental work attempts to identify the Impacts of Roadway Condition, Traffic and Manmade Features on Road Safety in the Haryana State.

This piece of work contains the data collected from NH-71 highway on the section from Rewari to Jind in Haryana,their analysis and results are derived.The study is divided in four sections, at each section study is conducted by accidental statistics reports and usage studies which further contains accumulation studies and duration studies.The results and recommendations reported in this study will help the administration, the planners and the traffic engineers in evolving better road safety techniques in these areas, also on the same pattern this can be used for other sectors of Haryana state.

Keywords: Road, Traffic, Safety rules etc.

64

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-714D13

Review on Utilization of Waste Rubber Tyre as a Soft Subgrade Reinforcement in Flexible Pavement

Pradip Dhorajiya , Prof. Mayank Kanani, Prof. Yashwantsinh Zala · Student, Department of civil engineering Marwadi Education Foundation Rajkot, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract This paper focus on the review of the utilization of waste rubber tyre as subgrade reinforcement in flexible pavement. Waste rubber tyres increases because of increase in automobile .As waste rubber tyre is categorize as solid waste and it is manufactured by using synthetic rubber so it is disposal is again big problem. In sundry areas 60 to 70% of waste tyres are disposed in incongruous way. This may leads to various environment problem like land pollution, air pollution etc. This damage can be avoided by utilizing tyre wastes with technical development in different fields like using construction of flexible pavements. Flexible pavement which will enhance properties of flexible pavement and also act as remedial measures for the disposal problem of waste tyre rubber. Tyre can be used in various forms viz; crumb rubber, shred, fine powder and cuts. Feasibility and effectiveness of rubber tyre can be check by various test performance.

Keywords: Solid waste, Automobile, Waste rubber tyre, Flexible pavement, Subgrade

65

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-BE0B07

STUDY ON SHEAR STRENGTH BEHAVIOUR OF BLACK COTTON SOIL USING TREATED COIR FIBRE AND QUARRY DUST

A.Toni Sri , J.Naveen Kumar, M. Thimothi, J. Jaya Lakshmi · B. tech Student, Department of civil engineering, Ramachandra College of Engineering, eluru, Andhra Pradesh, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In general black cotton soil is widely distributed all over the india. Construction of land based structures become very difficult on black cotton soil because of black cotton soil characteristics like high swelling index and shrinkage. So we are interested to counter act its characteristics by using waste materials like quarry dust and coir fiber those are of less cost and also minimizing the wastes. It was also a best method of disposal of wastes. Coir fibers are decomposable material to preserve that it was treated with sodium hydroxide (NAOH).

Keywords: black cotton soil, quarry dust, coir fiber, NAOH, UCC, Index properties.

66

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-DFF3FD

COMPREHENSIVE STUDY ON TECHNIQUES DEVELOPED TO OVERCOME CONSTRUCTION CHALLENGES OF AKASHI KAIKYO BRIDGE

Arsalan Farooq · Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, IUST Awantipora, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The Akashi Kaikyo Bridge is the largest suspension bridge in the world. It is situated on the Akashi Strait. The width of the strait at the proposed site is 4 km and the depth of water is 110 m. The maximum tidal current has velocity of 4 m/s and the maximum wave height is 9.4 m. The basic wind speed for design is 46 m/s. The site is also prone to earthquake. As such the construction of bridge on such location was very difficult task. The engineers incorporated various innovative techniques to overcome these challenges. The paper presents in detail knowledge about the construction of tower foundation and towers, fixing of steel cables and placing of roadways.

Keywords: tuned mass damper; laying down caisson; cables; aerodynamic stability, precast concrete panel.

67

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A87AAE

REVIEW ON PAVEMENT MAINTENANCE AND PRIORITIZATION BY USING ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS

Chirag R. Bhuva , Prof. Bindiya Patel, Prof. Mayank Kanani · Student, Department of civil engineering, Marwadi Education Foundation- Rajkot, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract This paper studies review of the application of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method for the prioritization of pavement maintenance. For a highway agency it is not possible to take up the maintenance requirements for all road sections within a road network at a time due to budget constraints. This makes a need for priority ranking model to select and schedule road sections for maintenance treatment according to their maintenance needs. The analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method for prioritization of pavement maintenance is wide spread now a day. In AHP method the relative importance assigned between scales 1 to 9 (on Saaty’s scale) to each parameters in hierarchy by the experts opinion (transportation professionals). The pair wise comparison matrix was prepared between each parameter. Normalized the matrix for determine weightage of parameter or alternative. Final priority Ranking was given to parameters or alternatives based on their weightage value. The parameter or alternative was ranked first which has highest weightage value and it was more prior than other so, considered first for the maintenance work.

Keywords: Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP); Maintenance Prioritization; Priority ranking.

68

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A4B350

A Smart Way Of Reducing Power Usage Using IoT Gadget

N. Venkata Ramana , D. Tejaswi, P. Venkatesh, S. Arun Kumar, ch Yaswanth · Computer Science Engineering Department, KL University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The Internet of Things is interconnection of vivid systems of different domains which describes the network of home appliances, vehicles, physical devices and all electronic items like sensors, actuators which enables these things to connect, exchange data and communicate through internet. It results in efficiency improvements, reduced human exertions and economic benefits. This paper represents an analysis on dynamic street lightning system which is built on renowned IOT frameworks. The moto is to save energy using automation which is one of the best solutions proposed for saving the electric current. For smart cities manual operations for street light system is very difficult to operate as there might be human negligence and cost of maintenance is very high. In this project, a sensor is being used to measure intensity of light based on which the light will be turning. If intensity is high, then street-light will in off mode and if low then it’ll be in on mode. There are huge advantages associated through the implementation like optimal power consumption, limiting flow of green-house gases, cost reduction.

Keywords: AT89S52Microcontroller, GSM module, capacitor, Relays

69

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-4C0495

NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THE SLOPE BY GEO5

Ekta Patel , Assistant Prof. Bhoomi kamdar, Dr.Nitin joshi · Dept. of Civil Engineering & Parul Institute of Technology Vadodara, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract failure of the slope often costs lives as well as property. Numerical simulation performed with GEO 5 software to know the influence of anchor for slope stability by traditional Limit Equilibrium method; Bishop’s method. For the analysis silty sand is used; for the given slope, the best inclination of the anchor is suggested to be 25° from the horizontal. optimal horizontal spacing between anchor is determined to be 0.5m to 1.3m. optimal capacity of the anchor should be 200KN to 350KN.

Keywords: Geo5, slope stability, anchored slope, Bishops method, numerical analysis

70

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-4AF754

Experimental Study on Use of Sugar Cane Pulp Ash & Fly ash in Concrete by Partially Replacement with cement

Abdul Sardar , Boppidi Phanindra, Ganteda Deeksha, Battina Suribabu, Kollu Sriram Swaroop, Bale Lokesh Varma, Achanta Sudheer · U. G. Student, Department of civil Engineering, Ramachandra College of Engineering A.P India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract There are countless of environmental impacts of cement on our ecology. Cement trade making environmental downside by emission of CO2 throughout producing of cement. Today researchers are additional focusing towards the atmosphere issue globally. On the opposite facet Sugar cane pulp ash generated in sugar mill making atmosphere issue as most of the half is employed as a land fill. In this work sugar cane pulp ash which is taken from sugarcane industry and fly ash from thermal power plant used in M25 grade of concrete by combination partial replacement in cement 5%,10%,15%,20%,25%,30%,35&,40% by weight and compare with normal M25 grade of concrete to check the achievability of combination sugar cane pulp ash & fly ash in concrete.

Keywords: Sugarcane Pulp Ash, Fly Ash, Compressive Strength, Workability, Optimum percentage.

71

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-357653

A STUDY ON USE OF FLY ASH AND RICE HUSK ASH IN REDUCTION OF PERMEABILITY OF ALLUVIAL SOIL OF THE RIVER KRISHNA

Atmakuri Rajesh , Pillarisetti Karthik, Bobba Ramesh, Ilahi mohammad, Akhila Jagabathula, Chaganti Tulasi Mohan, Ch. Siddhartha · student, B.Tech, Department of Civil Engineering, Ramachandra College Of Engineering, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The stability of the hydraulic structure depends upon the soil properties on which it is constructed. All the hydraulic structures are constructed across the river or canals. The soil available at rivers or canal is mostly alluvial soil. In these structures, the failure is occurred due to piping or seepage. In this experimentation, an attempt is made to reduce the permeability of the alluvial soil of the river Krishna with the combination of fly ash and rice husk ash in proportions (2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% to 14%) with respect to the weight of the sample. The fineness modulus of the soil sample and filler material i.e., fly ash and rice husk ash, is obtained and the filler material is suitable for the soil sample for reduction of permeability. The permeability of the soil sample (alluvial soil) is checked by partially replacing the sample with a mixture of fly ash and rice husk ash in equal proportions. Laboratory tests were performed to determine the specific gravity, sieve analysis, and constant head permeability.

Keywords: Rice husk ash, Fly ash, Mixture, Coefficient of Permeability, Grain size analysis.

72

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A5E1F4

A REVIEW OF SOIL NAILING SLOPE WITH FLEXIBLE FACING

Pravesh Kumar Sharma , Amanpreet Tangri · ME Research Scholar, Civil Engineering Department, Chandigarh University., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Soil stabilization is a general term for any physical, synthetic, organic, or consolidated strategy for changing a characteristic soil to meet a designing reason. This procedure incorporates expanding the load bearing capacities and execution of in-situ soil and sand. Soil nailing is a development procedure that can be utilized as a alterative measure to treat temperamental common soil slants or as a development system that permits the safe oversteepening of new or existing soil inclines. Bars introduced utilizing boring procedures are typically completely grouted and introduced at a slight descending tendency. Soil nail segments may likewise be utilized to settle holding dividers or existing fill inclines like banks and levees and this is ordinarily embraced as a remedial measure. Regardless of whether the global codes bargain about the likelihood of utilization inflexible or adaptable outer confronting, the job of confronting firmness isn't adequately contemplated and assessed. The significance of both flexional and hub solidness of looking in controlling the disfigurement of the soil slope amid removal and the most extreme extra charge appropriate at the back of soil slope.

Keywords: Soil stabilization, Soil nailing, Flexible facing.

73

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-3F4BB6

USE OF WOODASH IN NON-AUTOCLAVED AERATED CONCRETE

Lalmuanpuia Khiangte , Sarmistha R Paul · School of engineering and technology, Sharda University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Non Autoclaved aerated concrete is a lightweight environmental friendly construction material. They are used as masonry units. They are made using a mixture of sand/woodash, cement, lime powder, gypsum powder, aluminium powder and water. Woodash is the residue left after burning wood and is different from flyash. Aluminium powder is mixed in small proportions by weight of the dry materials. Aluminium powder is responsible for forming gas bubbles in the mix resulting in the formation of lightweight aerated concrete. Water to dry materials ratio is taken as 0.6. Instead of rapid curing in an autoclave, conventional curing method of immersing in water was used to save energy costs. The amount of aluminium powder added to the mixture can be altered to produce samples of varying densities. But increase in aluminium powder content leads to decrease in compressive strength of samples.

Keywords: Autoclave, Aerated, Density, Compressive strength, Aluminium powder, Lightweight, Woodash.

74

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-826D8A

An Efficient HUI for Automated Health Alert System

Arbaz Ali Khan , Mokkapati Venkata vamsidhara, Nemala Durga Viswanadh, Gadde Sai Sudha · Department of Computer Science and Engineering, KLEF, Guntur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Here we observed the human administration conditions which were generally being as ‘information rich’ but ‘learning poor’. There is large amount of data available in the human administration frame work. It is that there may be an absence of compelling examination and instrument to find shredded connections and patterns of information to change. Learning is a disclosure and data mining have found many different applications in business and the later legitimate space. A significant and common information can be found for shaping the utilization of information and the mining methods in the medicinal services and frame work. The human services industry gathers more gigantic measures of the social insurance information from which shockingly, some are not “mined “to find the concealed data. For the information pre-processing and for the powerful basic leadership a Naïve Bayes classifier is used or utilized. It is an expansion of Naïve Bayes to the undertrained probabilities that forward for conveying the strong arrangements additionally when managing the little or from a database. Disclosure of the shredded examples and from the connections which regularly gets un exploited. Utilizing restorative profiles, for example, we considered age, sex, pulse, glucose which can anticipate the probability of patients getting through a coronary illness or diseases, which were to be further modified and to be Developed.

Keywords: Behavioural bio-markers, Eldercare checking, Well-being cautions, In-home detecting.

75

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A3DC5A

OPTIMISING THE SLUMP IN CONCRETE BY ADDING CALCIUM OXIDE AND CEMENT

Botla Satyanarayana , Eede Lakshmi Lavanya, Kamma Manikanta, Kolli Navya Sri, Nara Narasimha Rama Rao, Achanta Sudheer · UG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Ramachandra College Of Engineering, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Concrete is versatile engineering composite material made with cement, aggregates and admixtures in some cases. Due to the day by day innovations and developments in construction fields, the usage of concrete is increase in construction. If the sometimes site has high slump problem due to that the concrete is not used because of strength problems In this study the slump content is optimised with the following materials i.e., calcium oxide and cement and combination of the CaO and cement at different proportions to increase the strength properties of concrete. Using it provides several advantages, such as improves slump and compression strength and workability properties and increase of long-term strength. The material added to concrete to reduce slump from high level to low level without loss the nomina strength of concrete for that 80 mm slump is reduced to 60mm slump value and 100mm slump is reduced to 60 mm without any change in strength of concrete.

Keywords: calcium oxide, cement, slump test and compression test, slump reduce.

76

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-845798

ALPHA REVIEW OF CORRELATED HEAT TRANSFER AND AERODYNAMICS FOR OPTIMUM COLLABORATIVE EXECUTION

Pradnya More , Dr. Subhash Gadhave · Research Scholar Shree Jagadishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Heat transfer performs a significant part in the design of numerous units, like automobile radiators, PV collectors, various other different parts of electrical power plants, and also spacecraft. The suitable insulating material thickness within the surfaces and also rooftops of the residences, in warm water or heavy steam conduits, or about water heating units is once again identified judging by a heat transfer evaluation with fiscal concern. The wind flow tunnels are big hoses having air transferring within. The tunnels are utilized to replicate the actions of a target in airline light. Analysts make use of wind flow tunnels for more information about how precisely an aircraft will certainly travel. In such purposes heat transfer represents a critical part. There are 2 wind flow tunnels; the street associated velocity along with the air velocity. Aerodynamics know-how is generally asked for any assorted offering of nonautomotive solutions. Through other designs of transportation like locomotives and bikes by way of completely not related merchandise just like Lifeboats, athletics clothes etc. For this reason, heat transfer in nano fluid/nano particles along with heat exchangers need to be studied for forthcoming move in research. This paper focuses on diverse fields of heat transfer which can be useful for future research.

Keywords: heat transfer, heat exchanger, aerodynamic heat, tunnel analysis

77

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A4EEF9

STUDY ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HEMP/CARBON FIBER REINFORCED EPOXY BASED HYBRID COMPOSITES

Satish , Baljeet Singh · Mechanical Engineering, Ganpati Institute of Technology and management, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Now-a-days, the natural fibers from renewable natural resources offer the potential to act as a reinforcing material for polymer composites alternative to the use of glass, carbon and other man-made fibers. Among various fibers, hemp is most widely used natural fiber due to its advantages like easy availability, low density, low production cost and satisfactory mechanical properties. For a composite material, its mechanical behavior depends on many factors such as fiber content, orientation, types, length etc. The present experimental study aims at learning the mechanical behavior of hybrid natural fiber composites. Samples of Hemp-Carbon-Epoxy hybrids, Carbon-Epoxy and Hemp–Epoxy were manufactured using hand layup method. Specimens were cut from the fabricated laminate according to the ASTM standards for different experiments. For Tensile test & flexural test samples were cut in Dogbone shape and flat bar shape respectively. After that experiment is performed under Universal testing machine (UTM). ILSS (flexural strength), Izod Impact Test & Tensile strength were observed. Hemp fiber gives the properties when carbon is reinforced as the tensile strength is increased from 10.65MPa to 42.37 MPa. Displacement at peak load were decreased from 5.78 mm to 3.92 mm. Strain at peak load also decreased. Modulus of rupture increased from 1.06 N/mm2 to 2.69 N/mm2. The Flexural load carrying capacity is increased from 10.037 N/mm2 to 28.837 N/mm2 .The capability of taking the flexural loan increased from to 0.01kN to 0.077 kN.

78

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-D02AC6

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON STRENGTH CHARACTERISTICS OF SOILS USING COIR AS STABILIZING AGENT

Vaseem Ahmad Shahnaz , Ameer Ullah Ganai · Department of Civil Engineering (SOET), BGSB University Rajouri, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The paper presents the effect of coir fibres on compressive and shear strength behaviour of clayey soils. In the present experimental investigation coir fibres were added in clayey soil at different percentages and at varying lengths. The soil samples mixed with coir fibres were prepared at different water contents to determine the maximum dry density and optimum moisture contents of various samples. Unconfined Compressive Strength and Shear Strength tests were carried out on different soil samples which showed that the inclusion of coir fibres as reinforcement leads to appreciable increase in unconfined compressive and pronounced boost in shear strength characteristics of soil. Hence the addition of Coconut Coir Fibre into the soil leads to increase in strength characteristics of soil thereby stabilizing the soil. The results clearly support that such reinforcement in soils can be a good ground improvement technique in civil engineering projects especially on weak soils.

Keywords: Soil Stabilisation, Coir fibres, Strength characteristics, Unconfined Compressive strength, Shear Strength

79

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-5F376A

A NOVEL APPROACH TO OPTIMIZE THE FAULT FINDING THROUGH PLC IN FACTORY AUTOMATION

Mr. Shah Mann , Mr. Nilaykumar Patel · Student, Department of Electrical Engineering, Charotar University of Science & Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract According to this paper show some improvement of factory automation system problem by using programmable logic controller which is one of the best ways of solution in worldwide nowadays. This device is appropriate for superintend and examine industrial processes and may be applicable in multiple domains from factory automation industry and home automation control applications to industrial instruments, remote sensors and security devices. Many manufacture company using programmable logic controller rather than micro-controller because it has many advantages and also a multipurpose device. In this paper we will discuss some industrial problem optimized by automation system that means by Siemens plc version 5.5 S7300. And the issue is like, M.t.t.r(Mean time to repair), M.t.b.f(Mean time between failure), F.I.S(Factory information system) etc. Few years ago we worked with relays and coils that is the basic need of electrical. Since human intervention is more and errors become more but after some time with help of microcontroller and microprocessor we can also work with programmable logic controller with its own languages like ladder logic, standard structure etc. Here we are discussing Siemens plc and with the help of plc we can increased accuracy, perfection and efficiency.

Keywords: Process Automation, RFID tag and reader, Ladder logic diagram for Siemens S7 300 system

80

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-77B1D5

PERISTALTIC TRANSPORT OF A CONDUCTING FLUID IN AN ASYMMETRIC CHANNEL

Dr. S. Babar Ali Mohiddin · Reader in Mathematics, V. R. College(Eve), Nellore., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Peristaltic is an inherent property of many syncytial smooth muscle tubes which occurs due to stimulation. A major industrial application of this principle is in the design of roller pumps to eliminate contamination of pumping fluids with the pumping machinery. The lubrication – theory model by Jaffrin & Shapiro et al(1971) is applicable globally for pumping characteristics at a small Reynolds number. Srivastava & Agarwal (1980) modelled the blood as an electrically conducting fluid and investigated the oscillatory flow. Depending on the perturbation solution of Mishra & Ramachandra Rao(2003), we have studied in this paper the Peristaltic transport of a viscous conducting fluid in an asymmetric channel as shown in different physical models. Finally we conclude that the time averaged flow rate increases with the decreasing phase shift.

Keywords: Distensible tube, Syncytial muscle Tubes, Sinusoidal waves, Small Reynolds number, Arteriosclerosis, Impulsive Magnetic Field (IMF).

81

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-645856

COMPARISON OF STEEL FRAMED AND STEEL DIAGRID STRUCTURAL SYSTEMS FOR TALL BUILDINGS

Sathiya Narayanan P , Dr.S. Palanivel · Post graduate student, Department of Civil Engineering, Pondicherry Engineering College, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Tall buildings are increasing all over the world because of ingenuity of structural engineers, advances in construction equipments and methods, materials and structural systems. Structural design of tall buildings is governed by lateral load mainly the wind load, so structural system selected should be capable of resisting lateral load. The lateral load resisting structural system should provide stiffness, ductility and resistance to the structure. Lateral load resistance of structure is provided by interior and exterior structural systems like shear wall core system, braced tube system, outrigger system and tubular system. Nowadays people want to build unique structure and conventional method of designing have failed to give the desired result. Diagrid structural system is new trending concept in field of Structural Engineering taking into account, the factors of structural stability, aesthetic appearance and economic consideration. Compared to closely space vertical columns in framed structure, diagrid structural systems have special inclined columns on the periphery of the building. Diagrid structural system for tall buildings produces axial force along the periphery diagrid column direction under horizontal load and vertical load, which has the advantage of resisting horizontal wind load and seismic load. This paper presents a comparison of steel diagrid structural system with conventional steel moment frame structural system using ETABS software.

Keywords: Diagrid Structural System, Conventional system, Tall buildings, Steel Structure, CFT Column

82

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-7D935A

Review of the Enhancement of Irrigation Potential of Ans River, Rajouri by Proposing Measures for Reduction of Losses in Its Canal Network

Vaseem Ahmad Shahnaz · Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, SOET, BGSB University, Rajouri, J&K, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The present study is an attempt to review the irrigation potential of the Ans River in Rajouri, Jammu and Kashmir. Keeping in mind the scenario of water in the present times, it is necessary to set in place an irrigation system to supplement the local agricultural practices so as to improve the food grain production and also to put in place suitable irrigation structures and to adopt the measures which will reduce water losses due to varied reasons especially the seepage losses in the canals. Steps need to be taken to ensure judicious use of water, eliminating the losses at different stages such as conveyance and storage.

Keywords: Ans Canal; Rajouri; Water Losses; Lining; Seepage; Irrigation; Hydrology

83

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-6CDE4E

A SURVEY ON MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING

Mahendra Singh Panwar , Upendra Varshney, Shantanu Varshney · Compucom Institute of Information Technology & Management, Jaipur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Cloud computing made great impression in the Information Technology (IT) sector. Cloud computing is a way to increase adeptness or add aptitudes to energetically add. Recently, the mistreatment of cloud properties to increase mobile devices has led to the emergence of a new study area called Mobile Cloud Computing (MCC).This survey paper discusses with the rapid development of mobile cloud computing (MCC), In this work, we present a survey and taxonomy for MCC architecture, characteristics, and open research issues aim to explore deep research in this area. Finally, the characteristics and security needs in MCC are examined.

Keywords: Cloud computing, Mobile Computing, Mobile Cloud Computing, MCC security needs.

84

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A7855D

A SURVEY ON SECURITY IN CLOUD COMPUTING

Upendra Varshney , Mr. Sanjay Kumar · Compucom Institute of Information Technology & Management, Jaipur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Cloud computing is a new computational model that is mainly established on grid computing. Cloud computing also introduces a series of security concerns, even though there are numerous advantages of using cloud computing. Understanding security concerns in cloud computing is a fundamental requirement for successfully adopting cloud solutions. This paper focuses on a variety of security in cloud computing and accomplishes a survey that addresses three major security dimensions of cloud security principles, Supplies, wheels, design.

Keywords: Cloud computing, security, Susceptibilities, cloud security.

85

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-35E751

A SURVEY ON SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES IN CLOUD

Mr. Pawan Agrawal , Dr. Akash Saxena · Compucom Institute of Information Technology & Management, Jaipur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Cloud computing consists of several consumer who demands a variety of services as per their need which changes from time to time. So it is the job of cloud computing to make the resources available to the customers according to their need. Because many applications are deployed by users in the cloud, therefore proper preparation is essential because different properties are expended. If the app is not properly scheduled, this will cause the loading imbalance in the cloud data midpoints. So cloud scheduling technology is offered to allocate capitals in the fair and use properties resourcefully. In this survey is done on the various scheduling techniques and scheduling algorithm for applications in cloud.

Keywords: Cloud computing, scheduling, scheduling algorithm, scheduling techniques.

86

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-1AC159

A COMPREHENSIVE SURVEY OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE FOR ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

Sourabh Mathur , Mayank Pareek · Compucom Institute of Information Technology & Management, Jaipur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract AI (artificial intelligence) and computer simulation are the technological powerful tools for solving complex problems in the manufacturing industries. Additive Manufacturing is one of the powerful manufacturing techniques that provide design flexibilities to the products. The products with complex shapes are directly manufactured without the need of any machining and tooling using Additive Manufacturing. However, the main drawback of the components produced using the Additive Manufacturing processes is the quality of the surfaces. This study aims to minimize the defects caused during Additive Manufacturing with the aid of Artificial Intelligence.

Keywords: Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning, Additive Manufacturing.

87

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-F21AE1

AN ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK : REVIEW

Shantanu Varshney , Sourabh Mathur, Siddharth Singh · Compucom Institute of Information Technology & Management, Jaipur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract An artificial neural network (ANN) is an information processing paradigm, which is inspired by biological nervous system, such as the brain, process information. The value of artificial neural network (ANN) methods has been exhibited in the operative spectrum of applications in execution complex pattern credit and non-estimate approximations. ANNs approaches are also used in the software increase process, because it is a multifaceted environment in which there are many common related influences affecting development efforts and efficiency. ANN offers a very exciting option and other requests that can play an significant role in the ground of today's computer science.

Keywords: ANN, Feed-forward neural network, Radial basis function, Neuro-fuzzy neural networks, Neuro-fuzzy neural networks, ANN Characteristics, Application and Advantages.

88

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-561177

A SURVEY ON SPATIAL DATA MINING

Ms. Renu Tiwari , Ms. Sandhya Khanna · Compucom Institute of Information Technology & Management, Jaipur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Data mining is procedure of determining probable valuable and stimulating design secreted in huge data set. Spatial data mining is occurred as per novel era in research communal. Mining in spatial information is dissimilar in several feature relate to mining in traditional information. Spatial data mining use contains then not restricted to common networking, ruin management and even if calculation. The Spatial Data Mining by means of a significant phase of information research procedure means to abstract the indefinite, valued and practicable relationships, designs or movements for judgment provision system from huge spatial databases and data warehouse. a survey of recently accessible spatial data mining movement and methods are accessible in this paper.

Keywords: Spatial Data Mining, KDD, Framework of SDM, Characteristics, Applications.

89

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-1D4928

A Comprehensive Survey of RFID in IOT

Jagpal Singh , Mr. Pawan Agrawal · Compucom Institute of Information Technology & Management, Jaipur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The Internet of things (IOT) is used as per an umbrella keyword for merging and hiding the main features associated to the allowance of the Internet and Web into the somatic domain, through means of huge arrangement of spatially disseminated strategies that holds entrenched documentation, identifying and/or motivation abilities. IoT delivers a prospect in which digital somatic objects may be associated or linked with related info and communication technologies, to actuate a entire new class of applications and services. The RFID system consists of a transponder or tag, interrogator, and a back-end host system. The mobile RFID service combines the RFID system with the mobile communication system for the mobile service so that the user can use the RFID application service using smart phone.

Keywords: IOT, RFID System, IoT Architecture, RFID Applications.

90

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-1C6EC1

STUDY ON IOT USING REFERENCE OF M2M

Mr. Sanjay Kumar , Mahendra Singh Panwar · Compucom Institute of Information Technology & Management, Jaipur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Machine to Machine (M2M) transmission or the Internet of Thing (IOT) is evolving by way of a novel form of communications in our humanity. Using some propagation of the IOT/M2M, we have happening to involvement multiple smart facilities like smart home, associated car, e-health, smart network, etc. These IOT/M2M facilities are fixed to progress our life knowingly. However, in IoT/M2M many things only exchange a small amount of data while generate a large amount of requests such as network connectivity requests, notification requests and storage requests. Triggered by the explosion of mobile subscriptions and emerging services such as machine-to-machine (M2M) and internet of things (IoT) in the coming 5th generation time, a suitable totaling design is a crucial part to simplify entrance of companies and people to infrastructures facilities. The field of M2M and IoT communications is rapidly expanding, and this will have impact on national numbering plans because machines need to be uniquely identified and addressed in sequence to interconnect by them. The possible quantity of M2M and IOT campaigns can be enormous.

Keywords: IOT, M2M, oneM2M, Architecture on oneM2M, Technologies in IOT.

91

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-FBD8C3

Benefits and challenges associated with DG installation in distribution network: An Overview

M.R. Farooqi · Professor & Principal, Compucom Institute of Technology & Management, Jaipur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Since nearly about last three decades, there seems to be trend towards deregulation and restructuring of electricity supply industry all over the world. This has resulted in unbundling of generation, transmission and distribution network. The aim behind restructuring was to increase efficiency and to minimize cost of electricity supply to customers in the deregulated environment while maintaining a desired degree of reliability and quality of power supply. The major challenge before the electric utilities nowadays is to provide electricity of good quality due to advent of power quality sensitive equipments. Also to bridge the continually increasing gap between demand and supply of electricity, researchers had no option except to invent new sources and technologies of power generation. Distributed Generation (DG) which is a small scale electric power generation technology using different type of conventional & non-conventional energy sources that provide electric power at or near the load site is an example. It may be connected to the grid, directly to the consumer or both. DG is found to be a promising source of electricity generation that can completely fulfill the requirement of electricity as and when required around the globe. The Distributed Generation also found to relieve the transmission network indirectly as FACTS devices, detailed ahead. Number of benefits have been found of the insertion of Distributed Generation in the distribution network. But at the same time number of problems also arises in the distribution network by the insertion of Distributed Generation. This paper describes in detail the benefits and problems associated with Distributed Generation placement in distribution network. Few heuristic rules are proposed for sizing and siting of Distributed Generators in distribution network.

Keywords: Distributed Generation (DG), Renewable energy, Tidal, Solar, Wind, Biogas, Animal energy, Micro grid, Mini grid.

92

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-F04610

A Review Of various interleavers for Interleave Division Multiple Access in Underwater Acoustic Wireless Communication

Dr Arpita Patel · V.T Patel Department of Electronics and Communications Chandubhai S Patel Institute of Technology, Charotar University of Science and Technology, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The earth is protected with water in a majority space. Underwater (UW) acoustic communication is a technique of sending and receiving messages below water. For the national security reason, UW communication has become quite important for all manhood. For enhancing the multiple access scheme in acoustic channel is the hot research topic now a days. Researchers have reported that multiple access scheme known as IDMA is very valuable in acoustic communication. IDMA uses different interleavers to distinguish users instead on user oriented signature sequences as in case of CDMA. Various interleavers have been reported in literature for IDMA.This paper presents review of acoustic IDMA scheme with various interleaves.

93

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-ADAD42

DESIGN OF RAIN WATER HARVESTING SYSTEM FOR RAMACHANDRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING CAMPUS

Adapa Mohana Venkata Krishna , Goriparthi Venkateswara Rao, Chilukuri Haritha, Puvulla N S S B Vani, Bavisetty Tridev, Bobbili Naveen Kumar, Morampudi Sarika · Students, B.Tech, Department of Civil Engineering, Ramachandra College of Engineering, Eluru, Andhra Pradesh, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The technical aspect of this paper is rainwater harvesting which is considered to be catchment areas of RAMACHANDRA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING campus, Eluru. The campus is situated at the distance of 13 km from Eluru city in a large area of about 11.5 acres with strength of about 2300 students and more than 250 staff. To meet the demands of students and staff Water is the only natural source. If this demand is not met, then it will be lead to water scarcity. This paper dealt with all aspect of improving the water scarcity problem in the Ramachandra College campus by implementing ancient old technique of rainwater harvesting. At present 1,65,52,900 litres of ground water is being extracted every year. In case the RWH project is implemented then 1,10,43,390 litres (66.72% of current total ground water requirement) will be accumulated, which can be used to recharge ground water aquifer. This rainwater harvesting is implemented by the usage of pits.

Keywords: Rain water harvesting, Catchment area, water scarcity, accumulated, recharge, aquifer.

94

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-71DFC4

RELIABILITY STUDY OF HIGH PERFORMANCE CONCRETE UNDER CARBONATION ATTACK: A REVIEW

Adil Yousuf , Nishant Kumar · PG student, Civil Engineering Department, Sharda University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Even though the concrete can be a very strong material, it is also subjected to deterioration. The durability of a concrete structure is affected when it is prone to chemical actions (carbonation, chloride attack, sulphate attack etc). This chemical action may cause cracking of concrete, volume change and deterioration of structure. The penetration of chemical ions and carbon dioxide into the concrete leads to dissolution of thin oxide protective layer surrounding the reinforcing steel, thus affecting the durability of structure and leading to premature failure. Different measures are used to prevent the steel bars from these chemical attacks. Coating steel bars with layers of zinc is one such economical method to protect reinforcing steel concrete structures. In this experiment, the steel bars will be coated with zinc powder and neem powder, the beam specimen will be casted and subjected to saline curing and the corrosion potential of the reinforcement will be measured by using half-cell potentiometer.

Keywords: Corrosion of steel in concrete, High performance concrete, Chemical attack, Chloride, Zinc, Azadirachta Indica (Neem), Potentiometer.

95

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-0EBC22

A REVIEW ON STRENGTHENING OF REINFORCED CONCRETE ARCHES

Mr. Abdul Satar , Dr. Ankur C. Bhogayata, Dr. Mazhar A. Dhankot · P.G. Student, Civil Engineering Department, MEFGI, Rajkot, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Durability and serviceability are one of the primary concerns of reinforced cement concrete (RCC) structures. The RCC structures require periodic monitoring and strengthening with time to enhance the structural performance degraded by varieties of reasons. Arches are one of the extensively used structural elements and can be found in many structures which face the challenges of inadequacy to carry the new loading condition requirements. Furthermore, they suffer from degradation of structure, corrosion of reinforcement steel bars, bad conditions of weather and etc. Therefore, this paper focuses and reviews the materials, methods and processes for strengthening of reinforced concrete arches. The review includes the historical development of repair and strengthening techniques including the state of art material usage. A comparative study is carried out on the success ratio of different processes employed in the strengthening and repair of damaged arch. It is observed that the modern materials and techniques have raised the success ratio of strengthening of the RCC arches. The paper also investigates the current gap of the knowledge and limitations of the area of study and prospects on the future scope of experimental studies.

96

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-CA249D

Equivalent Linear Seismic Analysis of Some Specific Sites in Ludhiana City using DEEPSOIL

Simarpreet Singh Batra , Dr. B.S. Walia · Post Graduate Scholar ,Dept. of Civil Engg. Guru Nanak Dev Engineering College, Ludhiana, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The seismic waves generated due to the occurrence of earthquake, travel through different layers of Earth’s crust. The seismic properties of waves such as Peak Acceleration, Velocity and Peak Amplitude are greatly affected by the soil lying above relatively stiff bedrock. In the present research, an attempt has been made to analyze this effect at some typical sites in Ludhiana city. As per IS 1893 (Part 1):2002 published by Bureau of Indian Standards, Ludhiana is placed in Zone IV having Severe Seismic Intensity of 0.24g. Geotechnical data of some typical sites located at Delta City, Malerkotla Road, Bhai Bala Chowk and Sarabha Nagar Chowk in Ludhiana is collected. Field borehole log data is used to carry out Equivalent Linear Seismic Ground Response Analysis by computer program DEEPSOIL under the influence of Loma Gilroy Earthquake, Uttarkashi Earthquake and Artificially Generated Earthquake Motion using SeismoArtif respectively. The various sites are classified based on average SPT N-Value and were found to be under ‘D’ Class as per NEHRP. After Ground Response Analysis of these sites, Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA) at surface is found to vary from 0.3534g to 0.4524g, Amplification Ratio from 1.111 to 2.286 and Spectral Acceleration from 1.1945g to 1.8191g respectively.

Keywords: Ground Response Analysis, Ludhiana, Equivalent Linear, Peak Ground Acceleration (PGA), Amplification Ratio, Spectral Acceleration, Seismic, Earthquake

97

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-8F2115

Evaluating Dosage of SAP for Self-Curing Concrete

A. Adhithya , C Siva Kumar Prasad · P.G Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Siddharth Institute of Engineering & Technology, Puttur, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Self-curing concrete gaining popularity and attracting the researchers worldwide as it is the need of the hour. The rapid deletion of ground water table and increasing demand for the drinking water has compelled the construction industry to conserve water during construction of concrete structures. Usage of Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP) and Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) as a self-curing agent is drawing the attention of researchers. The current work mainly focusses the obtaining the optimum dosage of SAP based on the mechanical properties such as compressive strength and split tensile strength.

Keywords: Self-Curing Concrete, Super Absorbent Polymer (SAP), Polyethylene Glycol (PEG), Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Optimum Dose

98

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-656875

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH GGBFS AND FINE AGGREGATE WITH CERAMIC WASTE

P. HARIKA , S. AVINASH, E. TEJESWI, V. SUSMITHA, G.V.S. KOTESWARARAO, V. NAGARJUNA, K. BHUVANA · Students, department of civil engineering & ramachandra college of engineering, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In INDIA now-a-days construction is becoming more popular. In construction concrete is the main ingredient in that cement is a sustainable material so we have to replace with another sustainable material and sand is non-renewable resoureces ,so we have to minimize the usage of sand in fine aggregate and also cement and fine aggregate. We replace both cement and fine aggregate with ceramic waste. Ceramic waste is the waste obtained from the ceramic industry so it is so economical to use in concrete. In this we replace the materials with different proportions. In this we compare the compressive strength with the compare of normal concrete.

Keywords: GGBFS , Ceramic Waste , Non-renewable , Sustainable.

99

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-D42AD1

EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE PROPERTIES OF FIBER REINFORCED SELF COMPACTING CONCRETE

D. Vijayalakshmi , K. Madhavilatha · PG.Student, Department of Civil Engineering & GPREC, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Self-Compacting Concrete (SCC) is a concrete that has a high flowing ability with no segregation. . SelfCompacting Concrete added with glass fibers create Glass Fiber Reinforced Self-Compacting Concrete (GFRSCC). SelfCompacting Concrete added with Steel Fibers create Steel Fiber Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete (SFRSCC). The present work deals with the workability and strength studies on Glass Fiber Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete and Steel Fiber Reinforced Self Compacting Concrete of grade M30 with GGBS. The mix proportions for Self-Compacting Concrete were arrived at by performing mix design and then fine-tuning using EFNARC guidelines. In the past, several studies have been carried out on the SCC with addition of fibers. In this study, addition of four different volume fractions of glass fibers and steel fibers viz. 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6% on a M30 grade SCC was investigated. For testing the properties of SCC and Glass Fiber Reinforced SCC (GFRSCC) in fresh state, Slump-flow, L-box and V-funnel and U-box tests were conducted. Whereas for testing the properties in hardened state, Compressive Strength, Split Tensile Strength, Flexural Strengths and durability tests were planned to be carried out for 7days and 28days. In this paper, the results obtained on the fresh and hardened properties of SCC with and without fibers are presented

Keywords: Self Compacting Concrete (SCC), Steel fibers, Glass fibers, Super Plasticizer (SP), Viscosity Modifying Agent (VMA).

100

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-3ECB90

STABILISATION OF MURUM SOIL BY USING PLASTIC WASTE

Dhaval Gohil , Vikram Gupta, Ashutosh Lopes, Arbaz Kazi · U.G Student, Civil Engineering Department, Vidyavardhini’s College of Engineering and Technology. University of Mumbai., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Soil Stabilization is a process which alters the physical properties of soil in order to improve its strength, bearing capacity, durability, or other qualities to meet the engineering requirements. It can be achieved by either controlled compaction, or by addition of suitable admixtures like cement, lime, etc. The cost of adding these admixtures is increasing tremendously; hence there is a need to develop other means of soil stabilisation techniques by using alternative waste materials like plastic, bamboo, fibres, etc. This new technique of soil stabilization can also be effectively used to meet the challenges of society, and to reduce the quantities of waste disposal. Use of plastic products like polyethylene bags, bottles, etc. is escalating alarmingly on daily basis, leading to various environmental related problems. Thus, using plastic as a soil stabilizer can prove economical in utilization for embankments. Since the stability of any pavement depends upon the stability of subgrade soil because it oversee the structural performance, life span, and effectiveness of the pavement. The entire load coming on the pavement is ultimately borne by the subgrade. Hence, the subgrade plays a very important role in pavement design. This study is carried out to examine the productive use of plastic waste in subgrade soil. Using plastic waste in stabilization of murum soil may help in reducing the risk of environmental problems. In India, the major problem is the availability of waste disposal sites. By using the plastic waste in soil stabilization, we will try to enhance the CBR value of murum soil and at the same time reduce environmental pollution.

Keywords: Soil Stabilisation, Murum, Plastic Waste, CBR, Subgrade.

101

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-8EB8AE

BUCKLING ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR HOLLOW FLANGE COLD FORMED STEEL SECTION

M.Monisa Sivagami , Prof. G.Dhamodhara Kannan, Dr.P.Suresh Kumar · P.G.Student, Department of Structural Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Cold formed steel is preferred over hot rolled steel section because of its high strength to weight ratio. Open cold formed steel sections such as C, Z and hat sections are commonly used but they suffer certain buckling modes due to their mono symmetric and eccentricity of shear centre to centroid. Hence hollow sections with two torsionally rigid rectangular hollow flange sections connected by a web are invented in order to eliminate the buckling failures and to increase their load carrying capacities. This study aims to investigate the buckling behaviour of RHFB analytically using ABAQUS 6.16. The aspect ratio of hollow flanges varied as 1, 1.6, 2 with varying thickness as 1.2, 1.6, 2 mm. The stiffeners are placed at a distance of L/3 from both ends. The length of all the specimens are kept constant as 2000 mm. The coupon test was conducted to obtain the material properties. Finally the analytical results for the sections is compared to find out the optimal section exhibiting better load carrying capacity and flexural behaviour.

Keywords: Cold Formed Steel, Aspect Ratio, Buckling Modes, Local Buckling, SCC, Finite Element Analysis and ABAQUS 6.16

102

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-5E366B

IDENTIFICATION OF CONVENIENT INVENTORY MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES IN CONSTRUCTION OF BUILDINGS

Kathan Ramani , Bankim Joshi, Bhavin Kashiyani · M. Tech. Student & SNPIT & RC, Umrakh, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Inventory management is the management of inventory and stock. Inventory management is the administration of the supply and storage and availability of materials in order to insure adequate supply without excessive oversupply, the reason being the minimization of total inventory cost. The inventory takes nearly 60% of the money in a project. Investment in inventory takes up a large amount of working capital of a company and represents a large portion of total assets of a business. Effective inventory management directs and redirects to provide lower cost, the response being rapid and assure flexibility to organization. The investment in inventory constitutes the most significant part of current assets and working capital in most of the undertakings. Thus it becomes essential to have proper control and management of inventory. It is also required that there is a better understanding in inventory management because it ensures availability of materials in sufficient quantity as and when required and also to minimize investment in inventories. The research aim is to suggest the finest inventory technique for the each work packages of construction of buildings. In this research work Just In Time (JIT), ABC, Fast Moving Slow Moving Non Moving (FSN) and Vital Essential Desirable (VED) selective inventory management techniques are applied for inventory in construction of buildings In this research work three buildings are analyzed by these four techniques of inventory management. Data gives the best suitable technique for particular work packages. In this research work results of each technique of each work packages are very similar for every building.

Keywords: Inventory Management, ABC, JIT, FSN, VED, Building Construction

103

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-CD3D1C

A REVIEW ON STRENGTHENING OF BEAM-COLUMN JOINT WITH FRP SHEETS

Jay R. Bhimani , Dr. Tarak P. Vora · Marwadi Education Foundation, Civil Engineering, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Many reinforced concrete structures in our country are in a deteriorated or distressed state. Beam–column joint is the very important zone in a reinforced concrete moment resisting frame. Failure of beam-column joints is main reason of collapse of many moment-resisting frames. Hence strengthening such structures or increasing the load limit on structural component is becoming necessary to extend their service life. Covering research has been carried out in recent years on the use of fibre-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites in the strengthening of reinforced concrete (RC) structures. Different applications of fibre reinforced polymer composites (FRPCs) for external strengthening in civil construction are reviewed in this paper. Experimental as well as analytical and mathematical research contributions have been focussed in the review. The main structural component such as beam-column joints, have been reviewed and structural behaviour of component is discussed briefly. The efficiency and effectiveness of carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets which increasing the shear strength and ductility of deficient beamcolumn joints have been studied. This paper provides a concise review of existing research on the behaviour and strength of FRP strengthened RC structures elements, with a strong focus on those studies which effected directly to the development of strength models. Finally, all concluding remarks are given along with possible future scope of research.

Keywords: moment resisting frame, Beam-column joint, strengthening, frp, CFRP-sheets,FEM ANSYS 16

104

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-2A865B

A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW ON VARIOUS ASPECTS OF CLOUD COMPUTING

Vivek Gehlot , Dr. S.P. Singh, Dr. Akash Saxena · Research Scholar, Department of computer science & engineering, NIMS Institute of Engineering & Technology, NIMS University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Cloud Computing is an emerging computing mode lover the internet which offers anon-demand shared pool of virtualized resources through network access. It is an environment for facilitating convenient, ubiquitous, scalable computing resources that can be hastily provisioned to the end users. In the form of storage& computational abilities, data generated development through the medical & diagnostic public needs the progressive technology& sources introduction. Various difficulties & requirements affecting information technologies for fitness support motivate to adopt latest substructure & alertness primarily on the basis of cloud computing. The distinctive issues focusing to one side to the directorial, managerial,& control components, to the opposite facetworry who performs as a health practitioner/investigator, which wants the substructure to manner, store, control victim in formation, evaluation, analysis, & so on. For the effectively harnessing the ability of cloud environment , the one of the important strides is effective usage of cloud resources. In cloud the load balancing is the most important concerns, in order to ensure that workloads between virtual machines needs to be distributed to ensure that no virtual machine is over loaded or under-utilized. This paper provides the comprehensive review of various algorithms of load balancing in cloud computing. A sensor network can be made scalable by forming clusters.

Keywords: Wireless sensor network, clustering, style, styling, insert

105

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-838951

PRIVACY PRESERVING IN DATA MINING: A REVIEW

Ms. Sandhya Khanna , Ms. Renu Tiwari · Compucom Institute of Information Technology & Management, Jaipur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract To advance a well information from available information, number of techniques and methods has been developed in the area of data mining so far. On the other hand privacy is one of the most important properties of information that any system should satisfy. The secrecy of the information must be maintained while sharing the information among different un-trusted parties. Thus privacy plays a major role and also an important issue in most of the data mining applications. Privacy is main concern in the present technological phase in the world. Information security has become a dangerous issue since the information sharing has a common need. So secrecy is suitable an progressively significant problem in multiple data mining uses in many fields such as medical research, intelligence agencies, hospital records maintenance etc.

Keywords: Privacy preserving, Data mining, Classification, Models, Techniques.

106

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-B784F9

DATA MINING IN HEALTHCARE: A REVIEW

Sandeep Gupta · Dept. of CSE/IT, SATI Vidisha, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In this study, we assemble the related information that demonstrates the importance of data mining in healthcare. As the amount of composed health data is collective meaningfully every day, it is supposed that a sturdy examination tool that is capable of treatment and examining big health information is very important. Data mining DM) is an significant area of study and is practically used in dissimilar domains like finance, medical study, teaching, healthcare etc. In detail, the task of information removal from the medical data is a stimulating attempt and it is a multifaceted task.

Though, the requests of data mining in healthcare, compensations of data mining methods over traditional methods, singular appearances of strength data and new health condition secrets have made DM exceptionally basic for wellbeing information examination.

Keywords: Data Mining, Classification, Clustering, DM Tools.

107

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-9EF090

TIRE DERIVED AGGREGATES IN RIGID CONCRETE PAVEMENTS

Huda Shafiq , Anzar Hamid · Master of Technology, Transportation Engineering., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The increased traffic on roads has led to the increased discarded tires, which in turn adds to the environmental azards. These waste tires need to be disposed off and the best way to dispose them is to use them in construction industry. One such use is to use them as aggregates in concrete. This paper evaluates the properties of concrete in which the tire derived aggregates have been used. The discarded tires are used as partial replacement of fine aggregates in concrete. These were replaced in the percentages of 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, 9% and 11% of fine aggregates and the properties of fresh and hardened concrete were evaluated.

Keywords: Rigid Pavements, Slump test, Compressive strength, waste tire, Rubber aggregates.

108

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-02E99E

Comparative analysis of Passive Shunt Filter with TCR and TSC combination for Power Quality Improvement

Pradeep Patel , Rakeshwari Agrawal · M. Tech Scholar (P.E.), Trinity Institute of Technology, Bhopal (M.P.), IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract A Comparative analysis of Passive Shunt Filter with TCR and TSC combination for Power Quality Improvement was proposed in this paper. A Passive shunt filter (PSF) based on Thyristor control Reactor (TCR) & with Thyristor switch capacitor (TSC) combination was used for Power Quality Improvement with the help of MATLAB software. The proposed TCR & TSC combination with PSF was applied to three phase power system with 415V voltage and 50Hz frequency AC supply connected to a non-linear load. The result shows that the Passive shunt filter with TCR & TSC combination produces lower Total Harmonic Distortion (THD).

Keywords: MATLAB, THD, PSF, TSC, TCR.

109

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-84854A

Seismic Vulnerability Assessment of Existing RC Buildings - Comparative Study of Codal Provisions of Various Countries

Rajeev Goel , G.K. Sahu · Senior Principal Scientist, CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, New Delhi, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract During the earthquakes in several counties including India, loss of human lives and damage to property has occurred in the past due to the collapse of existing buildings. Though, occurrence of an earthquake cannot be predicted and prevented, the loss of human life and damage to the property can be minimized by taking necessary steps on the existing buildings. Several countries have made codes of practices / guidelines for seismic vulnerability assessment of existing structures including RC buildings. This paper presents the results of the comparative study of provisions for seismic vulnerability assessment of existing RC buildings, specified in codes of practices / guidelines of various countries.

Keywords: Seismic, Vulnerability Assessment, Existing RC Buildings, Comparative Study, Codal Provisions, Various Countries

110

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-758771

CAR BUMPER CROSS SIMULATION WITH VERIOUS MATERIALS

K. Hariprasad Reddy , K. Trinath kumar, B. Anjaneyulu, S.L. V Prasad · PG Scholar Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Gates Institute of Technology, Gooty, A.P.-515401, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Bumper is one of the main parts which are used as protection for passengers from front and rear collision. The most important parameters including material, thickness, shape and impact condition are studied for analysis of an automotive front bumper beam to improve the crash worthiness design in low velocity impact. In this project, a front bumper beam made of three materials: aluminium, plastic (glass mat thermoplastic) and steel (high-strength sheet moulding compound) is studied by impact modelling to determine the deflection, impact force, stress distribution and energy absorption behaviour. The mentioned characteristics are compared to each other to find best choice of material, shape and thickness. The results show that a modified SMC bumper beam can minimize the bumper beam deflection, impact force and stress distribution and also maximize the elastic strain energy. In addition, the effect of passengers in the impact behaviour is examined. The time history of the calculated parameters is showed in graphs for comparison. Furthermore, beside the above-mentioned benefits, some more advantages like easy manufacturing due to simple shape without ribs, economical aspects by utilizing low-cost composite material and reducing weight with respect to others can be achieved by steel material.

Keywords: Car bumper, shape and thickness, Aluminium, Plastic (glass mat thermoplastic) and Steel, CAD, Hypermesh (LS_DYNA), Deflection, Impact force, Stress distribution and Energy absorption.

111

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-8D1FD8

A REVIEW ON ANALYSIS OF BLACK SPOTS OF HIGHWAYS AND CITIES IN INDIA

Danish Bashir , Ajay Kumar Duggal · P.G Student Department of Civil Engineering, NITTTR Chandigarh, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract India is among one of the volantly evolving nations in the world, thus supervening in emanation of large traffic volume across the roads. Due to constant increase in traffic volume engendering in snarl-up and escalation of accident rates in India. Therefore black spots are ratified across the country to reduce accidental rates. So these spots should be identified along with its causes so that proper remedial measures can be taken to eradicate the problem and save as many lives as possible. Accidents are the major concern of everyone at every level so a lot of work is being done in this way, and a lot should be done so as to tackle this issue. Around 50% of death rates are due to Strollers, bicyclist and motorbikes on the roads. Thus review of Literature has been carried out so as to get an idea of accidents happening around highways in India along with its causes such as non availability of separate service roads, improper traffic law enforcing agencies and remedies such as proper installation of street lights, providing sufficient sign boards, speed limits etc.

Keywords: Black Spots, Strollers, Accident, safety measures, engendering, snarl-up, ratified, frontage, urban corridor, ominous, déclassé.

112

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-0AB700

A REVIEW ON DURABILITY AND TEMPERATURE CHARACTERISTICS OF HIGH STRENGTH CONCRETE

Suhail Ahmad Ahanger · Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic University of science and Technology, Awantipora, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The incorporation of very fine binding materials in the conventional concrete has revolutionized the concrete industry. The fine binding materials whose size ranges from microns to Nano meters has remarkable effects on the strength of concrete .Apart from strength ,the incorporation of Nano materials in the conventional concrete has greatly affected the durability and temperature effectiveness of the concrete .This paper reviews the various durability and temperature characteristics that occur in the conventional concrete due to the addition of very fine binding materials .Various remarkable effects on the durability of high strength concrete is discussed which clearly differentiates it from the conventional ordinary concrete.

Keywords: Nano materials; Durability of Concrete; Temperature Characteristics; High strength concrete.

113

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-0CD1F7

OPTIMIZATION OF EMBODIED ENERGY FOR LOW ENERGY GREEN CONCRETE

Rahul Chauhan , Ajaysinh Vaghela, Jugal Mistry · Student of M.E. Structural Engineering, Gujarat Technological University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The building plays an important role for energy consumption in the nation. For building construction it equires enormous amount of energy. The production of building materials which involves series of processes, due to the energy used for each process, the carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere and certain expenses done for performing the process. Extraction of raw material, transportation of raw material to site, manufacture of building material it involves mechanical and thermal energies. The sum of the energies of all operations is known as embodied energy of the building material. Hence, there is a good trend to use various building materials for construction which consumes low amount of energy. Concrete has extensive amount of contribution to the building construction, so we will focus on low energy green concrete. Low energy green concrete is a revolutionary topic in the history of concrete. It is not rely on colour. As green concrete uses less energy in the production and generates less carbon dioxide than common concrete, hence it is more preferable. Materials used for building construction such as concrete, complete or partial replacement of cement, fine aggregate & course aggregate can be used as green concrete. Building materials which consumes high embodied energy such as cement can be replaced with low embodied energy materials such as fly ash, ground granulated blast furnace slag, limestone powder, Phosphogypsum powder. By accessing the embodied energy of concrete materials, through comparative study, try to produce green concrete which consumes low energy, would be efficient for its workability and durability and concluded by analytical study that this concrete is suitable for construction work.

Keywords: Embodied energy, Fly ash (class F), Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), Limestone powder (LSP), Phosphogypsum powder (PGP), Green concrete.

114

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-75610D

DESIGN IMPROVEMENTS OF NON-SEISMICALLY DETAILED R/C BEAM COLUMN JOINTS DURING SEISMIC TRANSFORMATION

K. Padmanabham , K. Rambabu · Research scholar (Ph. D), Department of Civil Engineering, Andhra University, Visakhapatnam,(A.P), India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract During the current scenario, Indian subcontinent is conditioned as most active seismic region of the world. Seismicity of the country increased notably during the past few decades and transformed many geographical regions from nonseismic zones to seismic zones. In this context, the design codes are revised and upgrading seismic intensity in many parts of the country. Researchers demonstrated that the substandard and non-seismically detailed joints are explicitly responsible for most structural damages in R/C structures. A beam column joint is one such critical element that governs the integrity and performance of the structure during seismic action. But the current design codes are silent about the future aspects and design provisions of these critical elements and are unable to predict the influence of seismic transformations of the structural elements. In this context, this study is focused on design essentialities and retrofitting techniques of non engineered R/C beam column joints that may be featured under seismic action. The study also ensures bare minimum safety of non-seismically detailed R/C joints and critical components that may be influenced by future earthquakes.

Keywords: Seismic transformation, sub-standard joints, design essentialities, seismic improvements.

115

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-523C93

CONSTRUCTION WASTE IDENTIFICATION AND PRACTICE FOR IMPROVEMENT

Raj K. Chavda , Ms. Neetu Yadav, Mr. Keyur P. Shah · M. Tech. Student & SNPIT & RC, Umrakh, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Construction and demolition waste is a major source of urban solid waste, frequently accounting for 10– 30% of the total waste disposed of at landfills in many cities around the world. C & D waste is becoming one of the most serious environmental problems .Looking towards the seriousness of issue this research has been carried out with concern of, to identified the major construction waste, issues related to generation of construction waste and practices for waste minimization. The study is followed by a questionnaire survey. The analysis of questionnaire has been done by using RII(Relative Importance Index) and SI(Severity Index). total questionnaire distributed 180 among which we have received feed from 100 project managers, engineers and contractors. The outcome of study is help to mitigate the quantum of construction waste and to improve the practices. This study has been done for Surat city from Gujarat State only.

Keywords: Construction & Demolition waste, Practice, Questionnaire, R I I, SI

116

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-C4B0D2

ANALYSIS OF SPEED-DENSITY RELATIONSHIP WITH EFFECT OF ROAD SIDE FRICTIONS AT MODASA

Bhavya S. Patel , Dr. H. R. Varia · PG Student, Tatva Institute of Technological Studies, Modasa, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In light of urbanization, there is frequently a lot of action on and close by these streets, which influences the manner by which they work. This obstruction to the smooth stream of traffic is known as "side frictions". Traffic flow parameters on urban roadway are impacted by different components like sorts of vehicles out and about, width of street, structure of the street, development take a shot at streets, different land utilizes that pull in mechanized/person on foot traffic bound to medical clinics, business region, shoulder and roadway width, passages, territory and so forth. Anyway for urban streets, the effect of side frictions for example transport stops, infringements, on-road stopping, passages and ways out from real streets and so forth are additionally much noteworthy. Side friction occasions causing an effect on traffic execution out and about portion usually depicted as side friction. In this study, Modasa city of Indian state of Gujarat is selected and traffic behavior on the arterials was studied. In this regard classified traffic volume count survey, spot-speed study was conducted on the selected arterial. Traffic flow parameters speed and density on the selected arterial is analyzed with and without road side friction conditions. Free flow speed and jam density on the arterial is determined with and without friction condition.

Keywords: Density, Free flow speed, Jam density, Side friction, Speed, Spot-speed study

117

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-5A9D72

IDENTIFICATION AND PRIORITIZATION OF BLACKSPOTS ON NH-7 IN PUNJAB, INDIA

Nirpinder Jain , Dr. Sanjiv Kumar Aggarwal · Research Scholar, IK Gujral Punjab Technical University, Kapurthala, Punjab, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Losses due to road accidents have increased at an alarming rate for the last decade in India. The causative factors for road accidents and injuries are namely vehicular traffic, road and road users. However, prioritization of the factors which leads to accidents is a tedious task. Moreover, the road crashes do not occur uniformly on the entire road network. Accidents tend to cluster around certain junctions and locations called accident black spots. Hence, the identification of such locations is of significant importance. This study aims to identify the accident prone zones within the study stretch of NH-7, in state of Punjab using Accident Severity Index. For the study purpose the accident data from 2012 to 2016 was collected and Blackspots were identified and remedial measures are suggested.

Keywords: Road accident, Black spot, Accident Severity Index, Identification, Prioritization, NH-7

118

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-732923

EFFECT OF SULPHATE ATTACK ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF ENGINEERED CEMENTITIOUS COMPOSITE CONCRETE: A REVIEW

Bisakha Chalisey , Nishant Kumar · Department of Civil Engineering, Sharda University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Conventional concrete is modified by random dispersion of short discrete fine fibres to improve its properties. Several fibres have been used so far to improve the properties of conventional concrete via: asbestos, steel, glass, carbon, nylon etc. A new advancement in the engineered cementitious composite concrete is the use of polypropylene fibre which has shown better results in improving the compressive & flexural strength of concrete composites. Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a fibre that is used for strengthen concrete and for protection of concrete against micro cracks. The aim of the study is to determine the effect of sodium sulphate on mechanical properties and durability of engineered cementitious composite concrete. Sodium Sulphate solution, prepared by adding a definite percentage (5%) of sodium sulphate (Na2SO4) in deionized water to examine the sulphate resistance of the concrete. The concrete specimens were cured in both normal and sulphate water for 7, 28 and 56 days. The properties which were determined during investigation are workability, permeability, compressive strength and flexural strength and compared with that of the control concrete for both the normal and sulphate environment.

Keywords: Polypropylene fibre, Sodium Sulphate, micro cracks, polypropene, durability.

119

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-606439

OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS OF FRICTION STIR WELDING/PROCESSING FOR DISSIMILAR ALLOY-A REVIEW

Anshul Bindal , B.S. Pabla · ME Student, Department, of Mechanical Engineering, NITTTR, Chandigarh, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Friction stir welding (FSW) is a process of joining of two similar or dissimilar material which uses nonconsumable rotating tool. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) was developed for microstructural modification of material and the effect of the welding parameters such as tool rotation speed, welding speed, tool pin diameter, shoulder diameter and tool pin profile have a significant effect on tensile strength, micro hardness, yield strength and strain rate of friction stir welding.

This review provides an overview of the effects of the Friction stir welding on microstructure refinement, tensile strength of welded joint, and tribological properties. This review conclude with recommendations for future research work.

Keywords: Friction stir welding, Microstructure, Strength, Aluminium alloy

120

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-6D4BAD

Design of I2C Protocol

Dr. Sagar Patel , Prachi Talati, Saniya Gandhi · Chandubhai S. Patel Institute of Technology, CHARUSAT University,Changa,Gujarat,India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract I2C (Inter IC) protocol is a simple two wire line protocol which is used to transfer data from one device to another device. I2C is simple, bidirectional, half Duplex protocol. This Serial Communication Protocol is developed by Philips Semiconductor (NXP Semiconductors) and now it is used by almost all major IC manufacturers.

Keywords: Master, Slave, SDA, SCL, Verilog HDL

121

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-92D212

Fault isolation approach for Test time reduction in DFT at lower geometries

Diksha Soni , Dhara P Patel, Killol Pandya · CSPIT, Charusat University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Design for Testability (DFT) is one of the techniques which is used for design become testable after production. This is the review article about testability process now a days the test time reduction and Low pin count at lower geometry are very challenging in industry. For reduce the test time of testability then the simplest way is to increase the pin counts in the chip. Because of that, time get reduced but with time the power and area of the chip get increased simultaneously. Time, area, power are conflicts between each other’s so for that challenges, there are so many techniques. This paper describe techniques like, Multi Value Logic (MVL) technic which are combine there concept of adding decompressor and compressor with the reduce pin count Test (RPCT) this technique is used for solving the noise and error of the decoded test data. The Skip-Scan methodology which is use the Skip-Scan architecture with using Test pattern reordering and Scan chain reordering technique. The Conflict-Reducing Test Point (CRTP) technique is used for reduce the test pattern count of the design by using Test Point Insertion (TPI). It is reduce the conflicts between internal signals a test generation process and ATPG pattern count. By using these techniques industry trying to sort out these problems.

122

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-C4F1A7

A Real Time Virtual Mouse Conformation by Hand Gesture Tracking using Open CV for HCI

Rohit Shakya , Mahesh Patidar · SAM College of Engineering & Technology, Bhopal, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract As the Technology grown up day by day, the communication between human and machine turned spectacular and touch-less. There are various methods through which a human-computer interface can built such as – mouse interaction, touch-screen and gesture control. But now a virtual mouse pointer using hand tracking may influence the way of interfacing machines. Trending machines only follows certain distinct gestures to address the command for operating machines or computer. The proposed system is able to recognize hand-made mouse gesture and track it as per hand movements. Computer System or device detects hand at real time and works with complex background where a conventional way does not work. Virtual mouse using hand gesture tracking works exactly as traditional mouse which allows clicks, movements, drag and drop. System uses OpenCV (Open Source Computer Vision) library for real time interaction and python IDE (Integrated Development Environment) as platform. There are various packages available through which an intelligent computer vision can be implemented that help in the field of robotics. The HCI (Human Computer Interface) can be developed using color classification, gesture recognition & tracking as well as contour threshold.

Keywords: HCI, OpenCV, Virtual Mouse, Hand Tracking, IDLE, Python, Hand Gesture Recognition, Artificial Intelligence.

123

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-337299

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON PERFORMANCE OF QUATERNARY BLENDED CONCRETE

Vivega R , Dhanapriya, Dr.R. Thenmozhi · PG student, Department of structural engineering, Government College of technology, Coimbatore, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The most extensively used construction material in the world is concrete. Cement is the major ingredient used as binding material in the concrete. Disposal of waste materials such as Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag(GGBS), fly ash, etc. are serious environmental issue. Carbon dioxide emission during cement manufacture also major environmental issue. Hence it is important to reduce cement consumption by the use of waste by products as supplementary materials. The addition of Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) in concrete has dramatically increased along with the development of concrete industry. Use of these by products as SCM facilitates sustainable development and also saving cost and energy. There is a scope of improvement of concrete performance by using quaternary blend. In this project, supplementary cementitious materials like Metakaolin(MK), Alccofine(AF), Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag(GGBS) and Granite powder(GP) are added along with M- sand to obtain the concrete grade of M60. The cement is replaced by 35 % of GGBS and Metakaolin, Alccofine and Granite powder are added in various combinations upto a maximum of 15%. Polycarboxylate ether based superplasticizer is added to the concrete with 0.75% of weight of cement. The various mix proportion for concrete with constant water- binder ratio is studied for fresh and hardened concrete properties. The concrete cubes, cylinders and prisms are cast and tested. The compressive strength of concrete is tested at 7, 14 45and 28 days, split tensile strength and flextural strength of concrete is tested at 28 days of age of concrete. The results of various combinations of SCM are compared to find the concrete exhibiting high performance concrete behavior.

Keywords: Quaternary blended, M sand, GGBS, metakaolin, Alccofine and Granite powder.

124

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A3FFC2

ECONOMICS OF CONSTRUCTION AND DEMOLITION WASTE UTILIZATION IN ROAD CONSTRUCTION

Kishan J. Patel , Vyom B. Pathak, Rushabh A. Shah · PG Student, Civil Engineering Department, S.N.P.I.T & R.C, Umrakh -Gujarat, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Construction & Demolition (C & D) waste is serious problem in any construction site. In India, the development business produces heaps of development squander which caused critical effects on the earth and excited developing open. These is caused by Lack of Awareness in the Industry, Lack of interest from clients, Lack of proper training and education, Lack of skilled labour. So there is need awareness about it. Thus, the minimisation of construction wastes has become a pressing issue. So based on an involved construction waste generation and composition as well as reuse and recycling in the Road construction. It is also analysed the economic feasibility of waste minimisation such as reusing and recycling of construction waste materials in Road Construction. It also studies how Benefit derived and Cost incurred in the project can be worked out. Thus Benefit- Cost ratio is to be studied in addition to technical feasibility and economical viability.

Keywords: Sub-Base course; construction and demolition waste; recycled materials; cost-benefit ratio.

125

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-11ABCA

DAMAGE IDENTIFICATION THROUGH THE STRUCTURAL HEALTH MONITORING IN STEEL STRUCTURE

Neha V. Rakholiya , Dr. Tarak P. Vora, Prof. Husain Rangwala · Civil engineering department & Marwadi Education Foundation, Rajkot, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In this paper using the simply supported undamaged and damage beam analyzed under the free vibration with accelerometer device measure the acceleration. After Study the performed on the behavior of simply supported beam by using finite element analysis computer package known as “Abaqus” from the theoretical and practical points of view. Similar problem is also validating with numerically using wavelet transform method. The process of work in progress analysis on the experimental investigations of the consequences of cracks and damages on the integrity of structures, with a read to detect, quantify, and confirm their extents and locations. Damage is predicted in terms of the change in frequency. The results shows, both the experimental literature results and FE analysis results shows in good agreement. The damage detection schemes employed in this study trusted the measured changes within the first to third natural frequencies and also the corresponding amplitude of the measured acceleration frequency response function. Validation of modeling procedure and analysis is done by solving problems reported in standard literature.

Keywords: steel Beam, Finite Element (ABAQUS), Accelerometer, Damage Identification.

126

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-BE5F18

FLOOD MITIGATION MEASURES IN RIVER JHELUM BASIN

Muzafar Ahmad Kouchay · Department of Civil Engineering, Islamic University, Awantipora-192122-India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Floods are probably the most recurring, widespread, disastrous and frequent natural hazards of the world. India is one of the worst flood-affected countries. In India the Himalayan Rivers account for maximum flood damage in the country. The problem of flood in the state of Jammu and Kashmir is well known and has become a recurring problem to the entire region. The plains of Jhelum catchment are some of the most susceptible areas in India, prone to flooding. Recently in September 2014 a severe flood hit the valley due to the five days of incessant rainfall leaving almost whole of Srinagar city inundated which is the capital of Jammu and Kashmir. Flood forecasting and flood warning are the quite effective non-structural procedures in managing the floods and that decrease the risks and the disasters along with the structural measures which aim at prevention and mitigating the flood impacts.

In view of this an attempt has been made in present work to suggest some non-structural and structural measures keeping in view the Indus Water Treaty. This study introduces to the main drawbacks of current and previous measures. The results obtained from the September 2014 floods are interpreted in a way to find the causes of flood inundation in September 2014 and proposing a solution to save the Srinagar city from floods in future.

Keywords: Flood, River jhelum, Mitigation etc.

127

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-2F1AAF

COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF LEAD RUBBER BEARING ISOLATOR AND FRICTION PENDULUM ISOLATOR FOR IRREGULAR BUILDINGS

Pooja H. Vora , Dr. Mazhar A. Dhankot, Prof. Amit J. Thoriya · Civil engineering department & Marwadi Education Foundation, Rajkot, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Base isolation has been adopted and implemented as one of the promising technologies to resist the earthquake forces. The base isolation decouples the superstructure of building from the ground level by interposing structural element with low horizontal stiffness between superstructure and foundation level. This gives the structures fundamental frequency that much lower than both of its fixed base frequency and predominant frequency of earthquake ground motion. Presence of different irregularities like soft storey, weak storey, re-entrant corners, in plane discontinuity, out of plan offset etc. is major deficiency in building causing problem of stress concentration and additional torsion. Past study shows that due to the presence of these irregularities structures are more prone to damages as compared to regular structures. This research paper will be focus on to study the effect of Lead Rubber Bearing Isolator and Friction Pendulum Isolator on the irregular building. The various dynamic parameters like base shear, top floor absolute acceleration, base displacement, storey drift will be studied for different earthquake ground motions and comparative as well as parametric study between regular and irregular building will be carried out. The analytical study will be carried out by nonlinear time history analysis using SAP200 software.

Keywords: Base isolation, LRB, FPS, Irregular buildings, Time History Analysis

128

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-310B8C

A review on Experimental Study of RC Beam Column Junction

Parshva Sanghvi , Dr. Tarak Vora, Prof. Husain Rangwala · Department of Civil Engineering, Marwadi Education Foundation Group of Institution, Rajkot, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract For any RCC or Steel structure, Connections are the most critical elements, because in past major collapse of structure took place because of connection failure. Connections plays a vital role in transferring forces from one element to another element. Therefore, it is very important to assess the performance of connections used in structure. Various designs have been investigated for estimating the effectiveness of different types of beam column junctions of RCC Structure at different Scales. Failure behaviour of the specimen has been verified by comparing the results with Analytical validation using Software

Keywords: Structural Health Monitoring, Exterior, Interior and Corner RCC Beam Column Connection

129

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-304FD3

“EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON STRENGTH DEVELOPMENT OF FRC WITH PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF SAND BY CRUMB RUBBER POWDER”

Nilesh k. Rohit , Prof.Jugal Mistry, Dr. Lalit s.Thakur · PG Student, Department of Structural Engineering, Sardar Patel College of Engineering, Anand, Gujarat, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Concrete is a man-made structure material and is a standout amongst the most broadly utilized development material after water. Anyway its reliance on vitality expending material and characteristic material makes in an exorbitant material. The present work is an endeavor to improve over the general expense of the material without trading off upon the quality criteria of the material. This is to be accomplished by incomplete supplanting of sand with piece elastic just as expansion of strands to repay any misfortune in quality. The level of substitution of sand will differ from 10%, 15%, 20% with piece elastic and an expansion of metal covered steel strands from 0%,1%, 2%, 3%.and additionally utilize the steel fiber with same extent and look at job of both the fiber. The investigation will investigate the usefulness, compressive quality, flexural quality just as effect obstruction of the solid so framed.

Keywords: Scrap Elastic, BCSF, Effect Opposition, Functionality, Compressive quality, flexural quality, Steel fiber (snared type)

130

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-110B76

A REVIEW OF LITERATURE ON PERFORMANCE BEHAVIOUR OF CONCRETE PAVEMENT WITH STEEL SLAG AS AGGREGATES

Abhilekh Srivastava , Bilal Siddique · M.Tech Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, BBDU, Lucknow, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Steel Slag is a solid waste disposed off in large quantities by the iron and steel industry in India. The recycling of steel slag, in future, will inevitably become an important measure for the environmental protection and therefore will be of great social and economical significance. For economical high performance concrete for highway, it can be used in combination with Super-plasticizer admixture. It also leads to enhanced durability and reduced cement content. Steel Slag with high basicity and being cooled exhibit cementious property. The water absorption and volume of permeable voids displayed higher values with inclusion of steel slag 22. Reduction in number of cycles for fatigue failure was observed in geo polymer concrete mixes containing steel slag as compared to granite 23 aggregates. Overall, the performance of steel slag was found to be satisfactory for structural and pavement application and steel slag 24 can be recognised as new construction material.

Keywords: Steel slag, concrete, aggregates, performance, water-cement ratio

131

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-7B94F6

TIME AND COST MANAGEMENT IN REAL ESTATE CONSTRUCTION USING PROJECT MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES

Dhanesh A Chavan , Harish D Dhawade, Vatsal D Patel, Viren Chandanshive · BE Students, Dept. of Civil Engineering, VCET College of Engineering and Technology, Vasai, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract During the early phase of construction, cost & time management plays the most important role in the success of the project. At the planning stage, limited information is available hence the identification of many unknown factors that influence the project cost become crucial task to project manager. The objective of this study is to develop a cost and time management technique by using a Microsoft Project to manage the total time and cost of residential building construction projects. The work breakdown structure (WBS) is developed for G+4 residential apartment project. The management of time and cost for various activities were successfully carried out by using Microsoft Project (MSP) software for proper scheduling as well as allocating all kinds of required resources for each and every activity. The results and observations show that MSP works as a comprehensive tool for engendering Gantt Chart for effective scheduling and resource allocation residential building construction project. The present study provides an overview about the Microsoft Project software applications for planning and scheduling of building construction project.

Keywords: Microsoft Project (MSP), Planning, Scheduling, Resource allocation, Management, Activities.

132

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-D86809

STABILIZATION OF BLACK COTTON SOIL USING BAGASSE ASH.

Sagar Gohil , Swastik Nakhwa, Chirag Kulkarni, Bhushan Patkar, Arbaz Kazi · U.G. Student, Civil Engineering Department, Vidyavardhini’s College of Engineering and Technology. University of Mumbai., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Over the last decade problems related to disposal of industrial waste has become a serious concern. To overcome this problem of industrial waste generation it is imperative to use this generated waste to some other basic material like admixture for stabilization of soil, stabilization of soil is an technique to improve the properties of soil such as bearing capacity, strength, settlement ,density etc. Montomorillonite mineral which is present in large amount in black cotton soil and results in cracking of soil. it becomes hard on drying and reduce strength and shrink when comes in contact with water. Use of industrial waste like sugarcane bagasse ash, can be used as an admixture for improving the properties of black cotton soil thus waste products of the industry can be used effectively. Hence this study focuses on productive use of industrial waste like sugarcane bagasse ash, and examine to see weather addition of such waste will result in soil enhancements or not. Waste in proportions of 4%, 8%, 12%, 16% will be respectively replaced with the black cotton soil and stabilization of soil will be done and conclusion will be done on the basis of result obtained.

Keywords: Black cotton soil, Industrial Waste, Sugarcane bagasse ash, Soil Stabilization

133

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-63830A

COAL MINE BASED ON WIRELESS UNDER-GROUND SENSOR NETWORK

Veeramani M , Karthikeyan S, Rajamohan L, Uma Maheswari K · Department of EEE, Final year, Chendhuran College of Engineering & Technology, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Wireless underground sensor networks (WUSNs) can enable many important applications such as intelligent agriculture, pipeline fault diagnosis, mine disaster rescue, concealed border patrol, and crude oil exploration. The key challenge to realize WUSNs is wireless communication in underground environments. Many accidents have been done in the coal mine industry with serious casualties and large economic losses. By reducing the accidents in the global mining industry to improve overall mining safety and increase operational efficiency. This paper proposes a WUSN based coal mining safety monitoring. This system also provides an early warning, which will be helpful to all miners present inside the mine to save their lifes before any casualty occurs.

Keywords: WUSN, Coal mine, accidents, environments, safety.

134

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-0DDDF8

EVALUATION OF RESPONSE REDUCTION FACTOR FOR MONOPOLE WINDMILL

Abhishek Goplani , V. R. Panchal · Post Graduate student of Structural Engineering, M. S. Patel Department of Civil Engineering, Chandubhai S. Patel Institute of Technology, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Numerous research has been carried out on dynamic analysis of windmill but apparently no attempts have been made out to find out the response reduction factor (R) for monopole windmill. Therefore, in the present study, two monopole windmills of different heights (i.e., 21.9 m and 28.9 m) are analyzed using pushover analysis to find out response reduction factor (R). The SAP2000 software is used to carry out pushover analysis. From the analysis, for windmill of height 21.9 m, the values of ‘R’ obtained are 6.30 and 2.90 for Zones IV and V, respectively and for windmill of height 28.9 m, are 3.92 and 2.10 respectively. From the results, it is observed that for windmill of height 21.9 m, value of R in Zone IV is higher than that of Zone V. Similar trend is also observed for windmill of height 28.9 m for Zone IV and Zone V.

Keywords: Response reduction factor, Monopole Windmill, Static nonlinear pushover analysis

135

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-4BCDF2

ACCIDENT ANALYSIS FOR ROAD LINK JOINING TO IDAR TO KHEDBRAHMA IN SABARKANTHA DISTRICT

Jay S. Patel , Dr. H. R. Varia · PG Student, Tatva Institute of Technological Studies, Modasa, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In most regions of the world, the epidemic of road traffic fatalities is on the upsurge with over 1.2 million people die every year due to road crashes and about 50 million suffer nonfatal injuries. According to Ministry of Road Transport & Highways (MORT&H) India, the analysis of road accident data 2016 reveals that about 1,374 accidents and 400 deaths take place every day on Indian roads which further translates into 57 accidents and loss of 17 lives on an average every hour in our country. Generally major victims in the accidents are pedestrians, bicyclists and two wheelers, among which generally in the age group of 25 to 65 years. The present study focuses on to understand rural roadway accidents causes. In order to help and find cost-effective solutions for reducing the frequency and severity of crashes, various rural roadways of Sabarkantha district will be selected. In this study, accident data from the respective Police stations will be collected. After analyzing this data, black spots will be decided. Analysis of this information will be helpful to find the remedial measures for reducing the accident rate.

Keywords: Accident, Accident Rate, Black spot, pedestrian, Road accident, Road Crash

136

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-35D001

Comparative Study on Behaviour of RC and Post-Tensioned Building by Pushover Analysis

Gunjan K. Vekaria , Kaushik C. Koradia · PG Student, Civil Engineering Department, Darshan Institute of Engineering and Technology, Rajkot-363650 & Gujarat Technological University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The Buildings which appeared to be strong enough, may crumble like houses of cards during earthquake and deficiencies may be exposed. In this fast-paced and competitive world, building sector is at the apex of the growth of any country. High-rise buildings are admired by every human being. Traditionally the construction of a building is done by RCC but in present world, construction of high rise buildings is done by Post-Tensioning to achieve unobstructed spaces which leads to slender structure. So, here an attempt has been made to study the seismic performances of reinforced-concrete buildings and post tension building by pushover analysis. A widely used computer program SAP is used to perform static nonlinear analysis for different storied buildings. The results obtained from analysis will compare in form of time period, drift, displacement, maximum base shear at Performance point, ductility factor, response reduction factor, and over strength factor.

Keywords: Reinforced Concrete, Post-Tensioning, Multi-storied, pushover analysis, plastic hinges, SAP-2000

137

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-4F8D75

A Comparative Study of Concrete made with Portland Slag Cement, OPC and PPC Containing Silica fume

Niral H Varmora , Yogeshkumar V Akbari · PG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Darshan Institute of Engineering and Technology Rajkot, Gujarat & Gujarat Technological University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Concrete is worldwide second most consumed materials after steel. The advantages of concrete are many but there are side effects leading to environment issues. As a solution of these issues, one way is a use of industrial byproducts in higher value application and need for reduce clinker. This paper focuses on the compression of Physical properties, mechanical properties and evaluate the optimum percentage of silica fume concrete incorporating Portland Slag Cement, Ordinary Portland cement and Portland pozzolana cement with partial replacement by Silica Fume. Total eighty mixes of concrete were prepared including three control mixes, fifty mixes were various three types of cement replacement by Silica fume at 6 % to 14 % at two percent gap variation for Standard grade of concrete M 45. The physical properties investigated in current study include Compacting factor test and slump test. The mechanical properties investigated in current study include compressive strength, splitting tensile strength and flexural strength (modulus of rupture).

Keywords: Portland slag cement, Silica fume, Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBFFS), Mechanical properties, Physical property of concrete

138

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-6107D0

AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF PARTIALLY REPLACEMENT OF CEMENT WITH GLASS POWDER AND FINE AGGREGATE WITH COPPER SLAG

Jaykumar K. Bhadania , Chetan G. Solanki · PG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Darshan Institute of Engineering and Technology, Rajkot, Gujarat & Gujarat Technological University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Conventional concrete made by some ingredients like water, cement and aggregates. Day to day we need to improvement the property of concrete like strength, workability... For this improvement, we need to find some new alternative materials or find some chemical admixture or partial or full replacement of conventional material. In this experimental investigation, to study the effect of using glass powder and copper slag on the property of concrete. OPC53 cement replaced by waste glass powder and fine aggregate replaced by the copper slag. The range of replacement of glass powder with cement is 5% to 15% with an increment of every 2.5% and the range of replacement of copper slag with fine aggregate is 30% to 50% with an increment of every 5%. These all the mixes will be cast for M30 grade of concrete and tested for workability, compressive strength, tensile strength and flexural strength.

Keywords: Cement, Fine aggregate, Waste material, Glass powder, Copper slag, Compressive Strength, Tensile strength, Flexural strength

139

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-4E2508

HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER MODELLING OF LYOPHILIZATION PROCESS FOR FOOD MATERIALSA REVIEW

Vikas Garg , P.Sudhakar Rao · M-tech scholar, Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technical Teachers Training and Research, (NITTTR),Chandigarh, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Modelling of heat and mass transfer during the freeze drying is essential to anticipate the ultimate structure of a lyophilized product. Lyophilization, also known as freeze drying process, is an approach of dehydrating frozen material through a sublimation process under low pressure and temperature ranges. This approach is recognized for its capability to maintain the quality of the food due to minimal loss of taste and fragrance, negligible contraction and water content, which diminishes the risk of microbial growth. This paper presents the state-of-the-art review on heat and mass transfer modelling of lyophilization process for food materials. There is huge potential for the utilization of freeze-drying process in preservation of food materials for increasing their shelf life.

Keywords: Lyophilization, Freeze drying, Heat and mass transfer, Simulation of drying kinetics.

140

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-2289ED

Stiffening the soft storey using carbon fiber strands with varying angle in a low rise G+4 R.C frame Building

Sujith Velloor Sudarsanakumar , B. J Panchal, K. A Parmar · Applied Mechanics Department & Gujarat Technological University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In present scenario of increasing urbanization, open ground storey is a typical feature in commercial and residential building. Such buildings are resulting in their poor performance as observed during past earthquake. These provision reduce the stiffness of lateral load resisting system and progressive collapse become unavoidable in serve earthquake for such building. The seismic performance of building can be improved by using shear wall and bracing. Advantage of carbon fiber strand over shear wall and bracing is getting plenty of free space and increase stiffness of ground storey. In the present study, Alternative method to stiffen the R.C frame building with an open ground storey using carbon fiber strand is analysed. It protect the building against quakes by tying the first floor to ground. The study includes the performance of building using different angle of tying strands with a specific configuration plan having G+4storey and various results are compared with shear wall. The performance of building has been evaluated based on linear static and dynamic analysis using Etabs software.

Keywords: Stiffening, Soft Storey, Carbon fiber strands, Equivalent Diagonal Struts, Static Analysis, Response Spectrum Analysis

141

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A7EAEE

ASSESSMENT OF FUTURE WATER DEMAND FOR RAJKOT CITY FROM BHADAR-1 RESERVOIR

Damini R. Nakum , Prof. Bhavana K. Ajudiya, Prof. K.F. Bhetariya · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, L.E.College, Morbi, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In present study, a Linear Programming technique used to maximize water supply release from Bhadar-1 reservoir. The deterministic inflows were estimated from the monthly probability distribution of observed stochastic inflows. The linear programming model were formulated for different six dependability level for LINGO 18 version. Present and Future population as well as water demand forecasting were done by considering census 2011 for few wards of Rajkot city. The results obtained from different models were analyzed and recommended to release water supply from bhadar-1 reservoir at 50% dependability of level of inflow. The results obtained from model of 50% dependability level of were used for assessment of present as well as future water demand as on year 2018 and 2028 respectively for few wards of Rajkot city. From the calibration, it has been found present and future water demand will be deficit 0.02MCM and 1.94MCM respectively.

Keywords: LINGO 18, Bhadar-1 Reservoir, Future Water Demand, Maximize Water Supply Release and Population Forecasting

142

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-51213D

Review of Programmable Logic Controller and SCADA in Industrial Automation

Dr Sagar B Patel , Ami Lad · V.T Patel Department of Electronics and Communications Chandubhai.S. Patel Institute of Technology, Charotar University of Science and Technology, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In any Industrial Automation there many instruments wired together in a network. In order to make them functioning Programmable Logic controllers (PLC) are used. Programmable Logic Controllers are industry based computers that are used to monitor inputs and control the output based on the logic state of the input. Sometimes the system is placed in remote locations and in order to control the functions of such systems. This is known as Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition System (SCADA).SCADA is system that enables to control, monitor and coordinate devices and components in real time from a remote location with with acquisition of data for analysis and planning from one central location.

Keywords: Automation, PLC, SCADA, Application

143

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-E185E3

A Study on single V-Butt Weld Joint with Constructional Modifications in Weld Edge

Shabir Ahmad Lone , Summera Banday · Department of Mechanical Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Srinagar, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The objective of this paper is to introduce the novel idea of reinforcement of a single V-Butt welded joint by drilling holes at beveled faces of varying diameter and varying number. The number of holes have been varied from one to four and diameter have been varied from 3mm to 4.5mm at a pitch of 7.5mm, 6mm deep on the 12mm thick mild steel plates and then welding by gas metal arc welding at a suitable speed so that these holes are filled with weld metal. Tensile tests of weld specimens were performed on computer interfaced servo-hydraulics universal test machine. Enhancement in strength has been observed in all the cases. It has been found that the strength of weld joint can get enhanced up to 25% more by drilling a series of holes of varying diameter. It has been experimentally verified that the plates 12mm thick with drilled holes of diameter greater than 3.5mm did not reveal sufficient increase in tensile strength.

Keywords: Welding, V-Butt, weld joint, tensile strength.

144

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-254820

Data Classification analysis using Distance Function in Learning Vector Quantization Algorithm

Dushyant Purohit , Yogendra Sharma, Jitender Kumar, Ritu Vashistha · Compucom Institute of technology & Management, Jaipur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are human invented information processing objects, highly parallelized dynamic system that yields output by reapplying output as input. They have confirmed to be beneficial in solving problems which cannot be solved by using heavy algorithmic procedures in area like mining,categorization of large data, image processing etc. Proposed work focus on prediction of diseases like Cancer, Diabetes, patient hospitalization etc. Proposed work is to train the data with a new approach having combined supervised and unsupervised mode and get results with new conceptualize approach on test data. This approach is experimented by Learning Vector Quantization (LVQ) algorithm because of its characteristic of multimode working and uses heuristic approach for searching. Multimode working includes first is unsupervised step and another is supervised. Diabiteas dataset is retrived from UCI learning respiratory to test the proposed idealogy on algorithm . The program is implemented on Matlab and result is shown using AUC (Area under the curve). Our approach is to improving accuracy in such a way that the performance may high and computational cost remain less.

Keywords: Clustering, Artificial Intelligence, Neural Networks, Self Organizing feature Map ,Learning Vector Quantization, Voronoi vectors, Area under the curve(AUC)

145

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-A86E67

PREPAID ENERGY METER WITH SYNCHRONIZED UNITS WITH ARDUINO CONTROLLER FOR ADVANCE BILL PAYMENT SYSTEM

Mayuresh Shiravadekar , Karishma Patil, Ankita Hujare, Prof. Prasan Kamble · Electronics & Telecommunication Engg. Dept., Shivaji University Kolhapur, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Lots of problems are faced by electricity service providers due to conventional bill payment system. The company goes in debt as lots of capital has to be invested for processes like generating bills by sending authorized personal to each and every house to manually note the readings on meter and submitting the same data to the office for data entry. This process consumes lots of time and money. The solution to such types of problems is prepaid system for electricity. To consume electricity, a prepaid recharge has to be done on consumers system. The project allows consumer to use electricity till the account balance is more than the cut off balance. Depending upon the electricity consumption, the balance goes on decreasing. Electricity automatically shuts down once the account balance reduces beyond the cut off balance.

Keywords: Prepayment System, Synchronizing Energy meter with controller, Arduino Uno, Optoisolator, Optocoupler

146

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-F70A28

A CRITICAL REVIW ON IMPLIMENTATION OF KAIZEN FOR QUALITY IMPROVEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY

Hiren A. Tank , Rushabh A. Shah · Student, Construction Engg. and management at S.N.P.I.T. & R.C., Umrakh, Bardoli, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Nowadays construction industry facing the problem of the poor quality and the quality improvement is much needed in this era. Kaizen or continues improvement is a methodology that improves the quality of the production organization. Vital techniques are practically implemented for improvement in quality of construction but the kaizen methodology is unique and better. Here the kaizen tool of lean is practically implemented in the construction industry. In this review, the pilot study and questionnaire carried out to know the parameters that affect the quality of construction and that parameters will be improve by using why-why analysis for root cause. The methodology provides better understanding of Kaizen activity in the construction industry.

Keywords: Lean, Kaizen, Pilot study, Questionnaire, Why –Why analysis

147

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-878A55

IDENTIFICATION FACTORS FOR LABOUR PRODUCTIVITY FOR CONSTRUCTION PROJECT

Mr. Brijesh Rathod , Asst.Pro. Neetu Yadav, Asst.Pro.Vyom Pathak · ME Second year Student,Civil Dept. S.N.P.I.T & RC,Umarakh, Bardoli, Gujarat, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Labour performance is key factor of every successful project. Because of poor labour productivity project may costlier, more completion time of project.Top level management believes that poor labour productivity is one of the primary reasons why construction projects in India exceeded their anticipated budget and schedules. This paper focuses on labour productivity for construction sector. The survey was carried out by a questionnaire survey. The analysis of questionnaire has been done by using RII (Relative important index) method. Total questionnaire distributed 200 among which we have received feedback from 149 site engineers, labour contractors and contractors. The outcome of study is help increase labour productivity and benchmarking. The study has been done for Surat city form Gujarat state only.

Keywords: labour productivity, benchmarking , RII ( relative important index)

148

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-BE13A5

INCREASED ELECTRICAL YIELD OF PHOTOVOLTAIC PANELS THROUGH MITIGATION OF SURFACE TEMPERATURE COOLING

Prof. (Dr.) Dipesh. M .Patel , Dhruval Prajapati, Jay Mistry, Anad barot · Principal-Ipcowala Institute of Engineering and Technology, Dharmaj, Anand, Gujarat Director, Gujarat Technological University Innovation Sankul-1, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract power generation solar PV is increase since the last few year. Now a day we are using ground mounted PV rooftop PV. canal mounted PV mounting system and the available methods in PV for use of solar energy. The efficiency of solar PV system has dependent on the material which is use for construction electric loss. The main factor which affects the performance solar cell is surface temp of solar cell. In this power to study of cooling of solar panel using water and air.

Keywords: solar cell, temperature dependents performance, ways to cooling, efficiency.

149

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-8DDC1A

REVIEW ON LIGHT TRANSMISSION AND STRUCTURAL PERFORMANCE OF TRANSLUCENT CONCRETE

Nawaz Shakeel , Shalika Mehta, Khushpreet Singh · ME scholar in Construction Technology and Management, Civil Engg. Dept. Chandigarh University, Gharuan , Mohali, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Concrete is a bonding material and in present phase is used in the construction field. It normally consists of mix proportion of cement, sand and aggregates i.e, (fine or coarse). Traditional concrete being a solid construction material is being getting renovated. Now engineers approach towards new concept of mixtures which will allows light to pass by using optical fibers. Optical fibers having property of light transmission are used in concrete to make concrete transparent also known as translucent concrete. Fibers are placed horizontally that causes light transmission in two opposite sides of sample block. The main function of this project is that we develop transparent blocks of concrete with use of P.O.F’S and to get maximum use of sunlight so that to reduce the power consumption for green and smart building construction. The tests which were carried out are compression strength, flexural strength, light transmission, workability test.

Keywords: Light Transmission Concrete (LTC), Plastic Optical Fiber (POF), Concrete, Workability, Light Transmission Test, Energy saving, Lux Meter, Architectural.

150

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-7168F1

BASIC STUDY ON FAULT TOLERANCE WITH SOFTWARE ISSUES

Kavita Srivastava · Faculty of BCA, Department of Business Management And Entrepreneurship, Dr. R. M. L. A. University Ayodhya, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Fault Tolerance is imperative phases of value control in article arranged software advancement. Proposed Fault Tolerance methodologies may extraordinarily lessen in general Fault free exertion and improve in the event that we apply this model at Architecture phase being developed life cycle. The framework state is decentralized among the articles and each item deals with its own state information. This paper built up a multivariate procedure show give proficient and viable help to protest situated software. Examine about Fault Tolerance way to deal with programmed Fault free of item situated software which is done at the season of software Architecture. Essentially some procedure model or framework use Architecture level article arranged measurements, to evaluate. Finally we close with an exchange of where Fault Tolerance first in the present and future, software in Architecture phase.

Keywords: Fault Tolerance, Software Attributes, Software Development Life Cycle

151

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-31DD3B

CLASSIFICATION OF SONAR IMAGES USING MULTILAYER PERCEPTRON NEURAL NETWORK

Miss.shraddha vijay joshi , Assis.Prof.A. B.Kharate · Student, Electronic and Telecommunicationof HVPM’S College of Engineering and Technology (India), IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In this paper another characterization calculation is proposed for the Classification of five sort of Side scan Sonar images. So as to create calculation 83 Side scan Sonar images have been viewed as, With a view to extricate highlights from the Side scan Sonar images after picture handling, a calculation proposes FFT changed coefficients. The Efficient classifiers in view of Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) Neural Network. A different CrossValidation data set is utilized for appropriate assessment of the proposed characterization calculation as for imperative execution measures, for example, MSE and order precision. The Average Classification Accuracy of MLP Neural Network containing one concealed layers with 13 PE's sorted out in a run of the mill topology is observed to be predominant (88.33 %) for Training and cross-approval. At long last, ideal calculation has been produced based on the best classifier execution. The calculation will give a powerful option in contrast to conventional strategy for Side output Sonar pictures examination for Classify the five kind of Side scan Sonar images in sea.

Keywords: MatLab, Neuro Solution Software, Microsoft excel, Fast Fourier Transform Techniques

152

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-01C22C

Hydrogeological study of parts of Mahesana district using Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System (GIS)

Karimullah Ahmadi · ME Scholar Geology Department, Gujarat University, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract A systematic hydrogeological study has been carried out to study the nature of ground water conditions of the Mahesana districts. In the study a combined approach of remote sensing and field survey have been carried out to obtained information about the different lithology, geology, geomorphology and structural units contained in the study region having potentiality of water storage and discharge. In this study, Satellite images of LANDSAT supporting with field data is used to demarcate the hydrogeological formations, land-use, land-cover pattern and lithological units which are encouraging the potentiality of groundwater in the study area. Survey of India (SOI) toposheet, No: 46 A/6 have also been used, for the preparation of base map of the study area. Geo-reference processing, classification of satellite data and preparation of different maps has being carried out with the help of ArcGIS and ERDAS imagine processing software. Additionally pre and post monsoon water level depth data has been taken during field survey in order to calculate the seasonal groundwater fluctuation in the study area.

Keywords: Hydrogeology, Geology, Geomorphology, Groundwater, Remote Sensing, Geographical Information System (GIS).

153

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-336410

BIOGAS PRODUCTION FROM THE CO-DIGESTION OF KITCHEN WASTE AND COW MANURE

Tado Gyadi , Mudo Puming · M.Tech Student, Department of Civil Engineering, NERIST, Nirjuli-791109 (A.P.), India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Untreated and Unmanaged Kitchen waste from Domestic consumption, Restaurants, Catering services, Universities, etc. when disposed-off to the landfill or discarded to the surroundings then in return it pollute the environment. And methane emitted from their decomposition, contributes to the global climate change. Under MSW (Management and Handling) Rules, 2016 promulgated by MOEF, Govt. of India, these wastes are becoming difficult to manage and dispose-off using traditional means. Due to an increasing urbanization and awareness of the true economic, land scarcity for landfilling and environmental cost of the conventional land filling, recent interest is to develop technologies that can generate biogas from the kitchen wastes because of its high biodegradability and methane yield characteristic.The current project work focuses on the estimation of amount of Biogas generated and Methane and Carbon dioxide content in the biogas by varying the quantity of the Kitchen Waste and Cow Manure in an anaerobic condition. Also to study the continuous variation in the temperature and pH of the reactor throughout
the process. First three Sets of the experiment consisting of Kitchen waste as Set1, cow manure as Set2 and codigestion of Kitchen waste and Cow manure as Set3 were conducted at room temperature. And as per observation, Set3 yielded more biogas in comparison with other two sets. And then further four more Sets of Set3 were tested at a different ratios i.e. (KW:CM, 1:0 for Set1, 1:1 for Set2, 2:1 for Set3 and 3:1 for Set4) to observe the effect of the mixing ratio of Kitchen waste and Cow manure at room temperature and note down the variation of pH and Temperature throughout the process. And it was found that in case of cumulative production of methane, Set 4 gave the maximum value i.e. 318.76 ml and in terms of percentage, Set 2 gave the maximum value i.e. 68.40%. In Set 1, the biogas generation was quite high but the bio methane content was low and carbon dioxide was the prominent gas.

Keywords: Anaerobic Digestion (AD); Cow Manure (CM); hydraulic retention time (HRT); Kitchen Waste (KW); Municipal Solid Waste (MSW).

154

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-13854F

DAMAGE DETECTION OF FRAME STRUCTURES USING WAVELET THEORY

Dr. Akil Ahmed , Mohd Moeed Akhtar, Alhamd Farqaleet · Jamia Millia Islamia (A Central University), New Delhi, India 110025, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The damage detection of civil and mechanical structures are drawing lot of interest from different fields. Damages cause changes in mass, stiffness, damping in the structures and subsequently change natural frequency and mode shapes of the structure. In this study, the damages are detected in a frame structure using wavelet theory along with natural frequency, mode shapes and curvature mode shapes.

Keywords: structural health monitoring, wavelet theory, MATLAB, SAP2000, damage detection

155

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-CE59BE

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON CONCRETE BY PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE WITH SOLID PLASTIC WASTE AND GRANITE WASTE

Savan G. Hinsu , yogeshkumar V. Akbari · PG Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Darshan institute of engineering and Technology, Rajkot,-36365 & Gujarat technological university, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In recent time, world is observer the construction of very challenging and difficult civil engineering structures. Concrete has been the best construction material for all types of structures. The unaccountable population growth rate makes problem of availability of coarse aggregate for construction. Increases population owing to that raises demand of the industrial products and by products. It has been noticed in India that granite usage as a finishing product of construction materials which create a large quantum of waste as well as some non-biodegradable solid plastic wastes created by industry and individuals, which affects on environment issues owing to this requires large damping sites. These by-products are left largely unused. In this present study, To investigate the strength and density of ordinary concrete mix using solid plastic and granite waste as coarse aggregate together with cement and natural fine aggregate. Furthermore, effects of partially replacement of coarse aggregate by different percentages of Granite Waste (GW) and Solid Plastic Waste (SPW) and check mechanical properties of this composite concrete. The range of replacement of SPW with coarse aggregate as 0% 5% and 10% and GW replaced by coarse aggregate as 0% 10% 20% 30% and 40% by weight of NCA.

Keywords: concrete, environmental problems, coarse aggregate, granite waste, solid plastic waste, partial replacement, strength.

156

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-B65A0A

Behaviour of Concrete with Partial Replacement of Natural Coarse Aggregate (NCA) with Iron Slag and Natural Fine Aggregate (NFA) with Quarry Dust

Khunt Harsh , Yogeshkumar V. Akabari · PG Student, Civil Engineering Department, Darshan Institute of Engineering and Technology Rajkot-363650 & Gujarat Technological University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Aggregate materials and ornamental stones which are extracted mainly from quarrying operations are extensively used for all construction applications. The production of these materials generates large quantities of fine by-products as wastes such as quarry dust. Also the handling and disposal of these fine by-products serves severe problems to the environment and disposal of these wastes becomes extremely costly due to the scarcity of disposal land. Therefore, due to the depletion of NCA and NFA deposits, it is necessary to find some alternative materials which have been studied for use as partial replacement in NCA such as iron slag and in NFA such as quarry dust. In this study, NCA and NFA are replaced with iron slag and quarry dust respectively by various percentage replacement by weight. Various properties of concrete are checked out by doing this replacement such as compression strength test and tensile strength test.

Keywords: Iron Slag, Quarry Dust, Natural Fine Aggregate, Natural Coarse Aggregate, Water, Cement.

157

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-42CF74

STUDY REPORT ON LOCALLY AVAILABLE MATERIALS AND THEIR USE IN BUILDING CONSTRUCTION

S.Vijaya Bhaskar , K. Nagendra Prasad · Research Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, College of Engineering, Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati 517 502, Andhra Pradesh, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Economical advancement of the nation depends on infrastructure development. In the infrastructure development, a lot of materials are used which require high energy consumption. The energy losses are bound to be significant when energy consumptions are high. In order to mitigate this situation there is a need to look for alternative materials. The alternative materials which are drawn from local areas would be compatible with the environment and would result in saving considerable energy. In this aspect, a survey has been under taken to identify different types of materials available in Kadapa district of Rayalaseema Region, Andhra Pradesh. Accordingly, an attempt is made to find out some important properties of these locally available materials and then make use in building construction. The materials identified are Granite, Mud (Red earth, Mud with gravel, Tank silt), Sand, Country Bricks, Lime, Kadapa Stones & Slabs, Fly ash and Flay ash Bricks. These building materials are traditionally used in these areas and are slowly becoming obsolete as the stakeholders are turning their preferences to energy consuming techniques owing to popularity and facility of construction. If these materials are used coupled with latest techniques of building construction would help in mitigating the grim situation of overall environmental destruction. A Scientific methodology and possible improved technical design are proposed based on the survey conducted.

Keywords: Alternative materials, construction technologies, energy saving, locally available materials, sustainable technology.

158

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-DFB70F

Experimental Investigation on Strengthening of RC-Beam and Column Using Epoxy-Bonded Unidirectional Basalt Fibre Fabric

Hani Patel , Jugal Mistry · Student,Dept.of structurl engineering,Sardar patel college of engineering, Bakrol, Vidhyanagar, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The objective of this research is to provide an overview of the state of the art concerning the structural behavior of concrete beam and column externally reinforced with Fiber Reinforced Polymers (FRP) systems effective to enhance the structural load-carrying capacity. Basalt FRP (BFRP) fabric is a promising material for the application to structure strengthening with its advantages of low cost, corrosion resistant and sound mechanical property, but only limited studies of using Basalt FRP fabric to externally strengthen RC beam and column are available. This study is to experimentally explore the effectiveness of application of UD-Basalt FRP fabric with epoxy to strengthen RC beams under two-point bending test and Columns under axial load. Totally five RC-beams and five RC-columns will be casted which will consist of two control beams and columns and three single BFRP U-warpping beams and fully single layer BFRP warpping columns and result are compared for flexure strength of beam and axial strength of columns with M-40 grade of concrete as per IS 10262-2009.UD Basalt fabric retrofitted with U-warpping pattern improved ultimate load carrying capacity (flexural strength) for beam and ultimate load (axial load) carrying capacity for short column than control specimens.

Keywords: RC Beams and RC Short Columns, Strengthening, BFRP UD- fabric, epoxy, U-warpping pattern, Load deflection Behavior, Failure mode , Ultimate load-carrying capacity.

159

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-4853E7

SEISMIC EVALUATION OF EXISTING COMMERCIAL COMPLEX WITH SOFT STOREY BY PUSHOVER METHOD

Ashish Vijay Sojrani , Wankhade Lavkesh R. · M. Tech (Structural Engineering) Scholar, Dept. of Applied Mechanics, Government College of Engineering, Amravati, Maharashtra - India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Damages caused by recent earthquakes have exposed the vulnerability of R.C buildings in India. Many of existing buildings will be found to lack compliance with the current codes of practice, especially in terms of seismic resilience. The risk of failure of structure can be ascertained only after proper structural evaluation. The present study aims to evaluate the seismic vulnerability of one of the existing commercial complex with Soft Storey situated in Amravati, Maharashtra. The non-linear static analysis is done in SAP2000 (v20) to obtain capacity curve of the building and also to track the formation of hinges in structural members. The study highlights the complete process of seismic evaluation of existing R.C building starting from Rapid Visual Screening of building to detailed vulnerability assessment.

Keywords: Seismic vulnerability, pushover, capacity curve, SAP2000, performance point, soft storey

160

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-4324E3

Study the feasibility of CNT for potential use as sensor for smart concrete.

Darshan Parmar , Siddharth Shah, Smit Kacha · Student, Department of civil engineering, Marwadi Education Foundation, Rajkot, Gujarat, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The piezo resistive properties of carbon nanotube/cement composites at different dose of CNT with respect to weight of cement is studied to explore the new and important advancement in the area of greatly sensitive strain sensors made from CNT to investigate its feasibleness as an inserted stress detector for common structures, for example, roads, buildings and bridges. The piezoresistive effect for any material is a variation in the electrical resistivity of that material when mechanical strain is applied. In this research paper, the ongoing significant advancement in the area of strain detector sensors made from the MWCNT by using its piezoresistive property is studied. The piezoresistive reactions of cement mortar moulds with various MWCNT injecting levels are considered. The MWCNTs were fully dispersed in water by using surfactants. Four probe electrical resistance method is used to measure the electrical resistance of CNT/cement composites moulds by using copper plate electrodes and also by using copper wires and graphs of displacement vs load and displacement vs fractional change in electrical resistance were plotted.

Keywords: Multiwall Carbon Nanotube, Piezo resistance, cementitious material, strain, electrical resistance.

161

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-15B421

STUDY OF REFLECTION AND TRANSMISSION COEFFICIENT OF A MICROSTRIPLINE

Surya Deo Choudhary , Kumar Balwant Singh, R. K. Singh · Department of ECE, B. R. A. Bihar University, Muzaffarpur, Bihar, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In this paper the dependence of reflection and transmission coefficients of a microstripline on various parameters such as strip width, spacing between two metal strips and permittivity is studied. As an ideal microstrip directional coupler makes use of the basic features that power flowing in one direction in the main microstripline induces a power flow in the second line in the forward direction or in the reverse direction. The coupling characteristics and reflected waves depend on the microstrip width, spacing between two strips and operating frequency. In the coupler amount of power flowing in the system gets reflected back. So it is necessary to calculate reflection coefficient VSWR and its variation.

Keywords: Microstripline, Reflection, Transmission, Coupling, Coefficients Stripwidth, Permittivity

162

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-552337

VIBRATION MEASUREMENT OF SCALED BRIDGE STRUCTURE IN LABORATORY THROUGH INTERNET OF THINGS

Shreyas B. Bhagde , Dr. Siddharth G. Shah, Ravi Butani · Student, Department of civil engineering, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Bridges are lifeline structure and must remain functional even after disasters. Henceforth its heath monitoring and real time data is vital. Recent development of Internet of things (IOT) based SHM of structures have attracted many researchers to work in this direction. This paper is focused on attempting to get the real time data of ambient vibration of scaled model bridge structure connected through various sensors and circuits through IOT. IOT works in three steps, in first step data is collected from object or device, in second, data is send to the cloud and in third step the software process the data and send it to user. The information send to end-user via an alert to the user. This has advantage of securing serviceability and safety of bridge at the any desired place away from the bridge site itself. For this, the bridge at 150 ft. Kalawad road, Rajkot named as Chimanlal Sukla Bridge with 4 lane 1.3 km long with multiple spans of 25m prestressed concrete Box and I girder resting on 24 pillars is modeled with 1:100 horizontal and 1:10 vertical scale in laboratory. The model was fixed with sensors and IOT assembly at critical locations, found out by FEM based software. The bridge is given vibrations of varying frequency till its resonance. Further, the alarm is set to buzz at this resonant frequency which enables authority to take remedial actions like stopping traffic and advocating detailed physical inspection.

Keywords: Internet of things (IOT), SHM, Bridge, Sensor, Real-Time data, Vibration.

163

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-627F62

Effect of addition of Multiwalled Carbon nanotube (CNT) on Sorptivity, water absorption and impact energy of Self Compacting Concrete (SCC)

Parth Shah , Dr.Siddharth G.Shah · Student, Department of civil engineering, Marwadi Education Foundation, Rajkot, Gujarat, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Self compacting concrete (SCC) is a versatile concrete which doesn’t required any vibration or tamping compaction and has great ability to flow and reach the farthest corner or within congested reinforcement while casting an RCC member like beam, column and slab. Recent technological advancement in nano materials as well as increasing popularity of SCC has urged the researchers to study the use of nano materials in concrete. Carbon nanotube imparts massive changes in material’s strengths and durability. In this paper an attempt is made to investigate the effect of addition of carbon nanotube (CNT) in Self Compacting concrete such as durability. To achieve this, CNT dosage from 0 to 0.75% by weight of cement in the increment of 0.25% are incorporated and fresh as well as hardened concrete test derived from above is tested. For durability aspect water permeability, Sorptivity and impact resistance are performed and analyze. The results revealed that SCC derived with 0.75% CNT by weight of cement shows significant improvement on its durability in terms of reduction in water absorption, less capillary action in Sorptivity and reduced impact energy absorbed as compared to normal SCC.

Keywords: Self Compacting Concrete (SCC), Carbon Nanotube (CNT), Durability of concrete, Water absorption, Sorptivity, Impact test.

164

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-8D005B

COMPARISON OF RESPONSE SPECTRUM OF RECORDED EARTHQUAKES WITH INDIAN STANDARD CODE

Krishna Hareshkumar Shah , Dr. Major Chaitanya S Sanghvi · Post-Graduate Student in Structural Engineering, L. J. Institute of Engineering & Technology, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Earthquake is natural calamity, results from ground movement which causes damage or sometimes complete collapse of structures. It is important to understand the response of structures subjected to strong ground motions. Maximum response of structure under strong ground motion is important for earthquake resistant design. Present paper attempt to develop Pseudo-Acceleration response spectrum for recorded earthquakes in India. The paper highlights on comparison of response spectrum of recorded earthquakes with Indian Standard Code for Maximum Pseudo-Acceleration. The analysis shows the highest and the lowest value of Pseudo-Acceleration for different earthquakes. The response spectrum is developed by solving equation of Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) system.

Keywords: Earthquake, Strong Ground Motion, Response Spectrum, Pseudo-Acceleration, Single Degree of Freedom (SDOF) system, Newmark’s beta method, MATLAB-code, Indian Standard Code

165

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-C8EBD5

EFFECT OF HIGHER AXLE LOAD FREQUENCY ON CEMENT CONCRETE PAVEMENT THICKNESS

Ezatullah Rahimi , S.N. Sachdeva · M.Tech student, Department of Civil Engineering, National Institute of Technology Kurukshetra,Haryana-136119, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Design of rigid pavements is done considering the flexural stress under the simultaneous action of load and temperature gradient for different categories of axles. Sum of cumulative fatigue damage caused by single, tandem and tridem axle load applications causing tensile flexural stress at the top and the bottom of the pavement slab should be less than one for the design to be safe. In this paper the thickness of a rigid pavement has been designed with variation in the frequency of rear (single, tandem and tridem) axles type. The variation considered in frequency for five types of highest load group for single axles (190 to 150 kN), for tandem axles (390 to 310 kN) and for tridem axles (545 to 425kN) is from 8.33% to 100% for the five highest load categories. Variation in frequency has also been taken in a random manner.

Keywords: axle load frequency, rigid pavement, thickness design, subgrade strength, tied concrete shoulder.

166

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-8810AC

Survey on Data Recovery Techniques such as HS-DRT, Parity Cloud Service and Mirroring Technique for Lost Data in Cloud Computing

Miss. Ashwini T. Chauhan , Prof. J. M. Patil · Computer Science And Engineering , Shree Sant Gajanan Maharaj Collage Of Engineering,Shegaon,India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Storing the data on the cloud is one of the methods for the computation and data saving. Data has been saved by clients to the one or multiple servers via web. While saving those data over the servers or clouds there are many chances that data could get deleted or get lost. If the data is corrupted. There are many more disastrous or manmade chances for data corruption. Some of these corruptions are able to get recovered but some can’t get recovered. So for theses reason there should be have some backup of lost data for clients whenever the client requires. The recovery of the data is main aim to get backup of lost data.

Keywords: Cloudcomputing ,Storage , data , loss , encryption , backup , key , distributed.

167

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-825CF9

A REVIEW ON ASPECT BASED SENTIMENTAL ANALYSIS USING TECHNIQUES

Miss Ravina D. Shukla · Department of computer science and engineering SSGMCE , Shegaon, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Today’s world is a world of internet, All work can perform with the help of internet.everyone is addicted to it from children to older one’s. They spend most of the time on internet by surfing and almost all official unofficial work can be done with the help of online services.such as freelancer work, shopping, booking, sharing, etc users not only use sites they make reviews and share it as in the form of feedback. In that way sentimental analysis play huge role in identifying sentiment of that text.opinion must be positive, negative, neutral.as already research has being done about the challenges that determines the aspect of given reviews. In this paper, discuss what additional features has been added to it to make better polarity of aspects and make wide dictionary to sentiments better in a graphical on every post.

Keywords: Sentimental analysis(SA), ,Product Review, Natural language processing, Social networks.

168

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-D889DE

DRINKING WATER QUALITY ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT SOURCES OF RAJOURI TOWN, JAMMU AND KASHMIR

Yawar Mushtaq Raina , Fida Anjum · Junior Engineer,Public Works(R&B) Department, Division Rajouri-185131, Government of Jammu & Kashmir, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Water Quality Analysis of Different Sources of Rajouri Town in Jammu and Kashmir was done to know weather water which the people are drinking in this area is fit or not. Three water samples were collected in July from different locations and then analysed in Public Health Engineering (PHE) Division Rajouri lab using the method recommended by Indian Standard Drinking Water-Specification (Second revision). The average value of the three was considered as the value of particular parameter. The analysis was done for some important physical and chemical parameters like colour, taste & odour, and turbidity, pH, TDS, Alkalinity, Hardness , Chloride Content, Calcium, Copper, Iron, DO, manganese, sulphates, and nitrates and fluorides. The values were than compared with the limits set by Indian Standard Drinking Water-Specification (Second revision). It was found that water on the whole for Rajouri Town was found to be safe on most of the locations except (L4) location near Abdullah bridge at Bela Colony, here almost all the parameters except TDS were exceeding the acceptable limit prescribed by IS code. The locations which was safest for drinking purposes among all was the Eidgah hand pump (L7) followed by spring near Power house (L3) and then the spring near Rajouri Airport (L8). However at some location where certain parameters like TDS hardness and iron etc were exceeding the prescribed limit the water to be should be boiled before being used for drinking purpose.

Keywords: Water Quality, Rajouri Town, Parameters, Springs, Tube wells, Hand Pumps, Drinking.

169

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-AEA047

DOMAIN ONTOLOGY AND GRANULAR CONCEPTUALIZATION FOR PUNJABI LANGUAGE

Gursimran Kaur , Jaswinder Singh Bhatia · Assistant Professor, Department of computer science, Chandigarh University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Natural Language Processing aims at designing a system which can perform processing like humans. The main concern is to understand how computers can understand and manipulate human language through speech and text. A great deal of work is done in issues and uses of Natural language handling with high precision on foreign dialects however on Indian dialects this is still on beginning stages. We present a framework to create domain ontology for Punjabi language which is express portrayal of ideas in the language. By having domain ontology explicit to the language, we can build up a vocabulary which is allocated with idea chain of command in the domain of this language. We construct a controlled vocabulary of ideas for Punjabi words in form of domain ontology. This created resource can additionally be utilized in various semantic NLP undertakings in Punjabi language.

Keywords: Natural Language Processing, Punjabi Language, Domain Ontology, Conceptualization, Vocabulary resource building

170

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-8C52C3

Seismic Response Control of Two Parallel Structures Using Lead Extrusion Dampers

Nirav vipani , Amit thoriya, Chirag asodariya · Departmentof civil engineering,MEFGI,Rajkot, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Among the various available passive control techniques for protection of structures, linking of two adjacent structures called coupling through various energy dissipation devices is proved as an effective alternate technique. Several researchers have put their efforts to study the effectiveness of various energy dissipation devices in connecting two adjacent structures. In this paper response behaviour of two parallel multi degree of freedom structures couple by lead extrusion damper will be investigated. The equation of motion of the two parallel structures by connecting by lead extrusion damper will be formulated. The seismic responses of connected structures with optimum damping will be studied.

Keywords: Adjacent structure, Lead extrusion damper, Seismic response, Damping, Parallel structures

171

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-FD38BC

The Significant Factors for the Implementation of Digital Records Management Initiatives in Yemen: A Conceptual Framework

WALEED ALKHOFANI , ZAWIYAH M. YUSOF, HAZURA MOHAMED, MUAADH MUKRED · Faculty of Information Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The current exponential increase in the volume of information has transformed the businesses of both public and private companies. One of the initiatives to handle information is known as Digital Records Management (DRM). DRM is a management program with the primary aim is to replace paper records with those in digital format. The implementation of DRM calls for the identification of factors that could contribute to the successful implementation of the initiative. Previous studies failed to integrate the factors required for the implementation of DRM Thus, this paper seeks to identify the significant factors for ensuring the success of DRM implementation in Yemen since the country is still lagging behind in the implementation of such an endeavor. The study was carried out by means of literature review and also the opinion of experts in the area. The analysis of the literature showed that there are 10 factors paramount to the implementation of DRM initiative in the developing countries while the experts opined recommended the extracted factors.

Keywords: Digital Records Management (DRM), significant factors, implementation, developing countries, framework.

172

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-B2CF94

PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF ACSS CONDUCTOR WITH CONVENTIONAL ACSR CONDUCTOR FOR INCREASINFG THE THERMAL LOADING OF TRANSMISSION LINE-CASE STUDY

Akshit Kachhadiya , Chetan Sheth, Krunal Darji · G.H.Patel College of Engineering & Technology, Vallabh Vidhyanagar, 388120, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In India, ACSR and AAAC conductors are ordinarily used for transmission of electricity. As the consumption of electricity jump up across the country in order to speedy expansion in industrial, agriculture and commercial section. In outcome, amount of power transfer capacity has to be raised on overhead transmission lines, diminution of losses and optimization of Right of Way are the big matter we are facing presently. To overcome these affairs, new generation high performance conductors are appropriated which would support in rise the power transmission capacity and meet today’s demand under normal as well as in emergency situation. So HTLS ( High Temperature Low Sag) conductors is the one of the progressive way to expand the transmission line capacity and settling the matter like growing congestion in existing network. It is wise option to change the ACSR conductor with the HTLS conductor which can be treated as the re-conductoring of the transmission network. Choose of HTLS conductor is also a vital parameter for re-conductoring of any transmission line.This paper examine the problem of overloading of transmission line and mitigation by re-conductoring through HTLS conductors. A case study is described by reconductoring of ACSS type conductor and optimum solution is recommended for bypass burden of transmission line.

Keywords: ACSR conductor, ACSS conductor, Re-conductoring, Ampacity, Thermal Loading Limit.

173

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-800E7F

USE OF ROOT ZONE TECHNOLOGY FOR VARIETY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT: A REVIEW

Jadhav Pradeep , Khobragade Kshama, Ghutke Aman · Research Scholar, Department of Environmental Science S.B.E.S. College of Science. Aurangabad-431001 (M.S), India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The water resources have been a large amount of exploited natural system since man strode the earth. Water bodies’ pollution is growing gradually due to rapid growth of population, urbanization, industrial operations, increasing living standards and wide spheres of human activities due to increased use of water and thus release of domestic sewage and other variety of wastewater. Proper treatment of wastewater is necessary to ensure that the receiving water into which the effluent is finally discharged is not drastically polluted. Constructed wetlands have been used for decades mostly for the treatment of domestic or municipal sewage. However, recently constructed wetlands have been used for many other type of wastewater including industrial and agricultural wastewaters, landfill leachate or stromwater runoff. As many of these wastewaters are difficult to treat in a single stage system, hybrid systems which consist of different types of constructed wetlands staged in series have been introduced. (Vymazal, 2005). Root zone treatment system has been developed for variety of wastewater treatment. This technique accomplishes the natural capability of the plant species to transport large amount of oxygen from the atmosphere to its root zone, where a diversity of microorganisms present in the soil to eliminate pollutants from the wastewater.

Keywords: Root zone technology, Phragmites Australis, microorganisms, Wastewater.

174

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-F22E67

FORECASTING UNION BUDGET OF INDIA BY LINEAR REGRESSION WITH STANDARD ERROR ADJUSTMENT

Mohd Ashar S.A. Khan , Prof. C. M. Mankar · CSE Dept., SSGMCE, Shegaon, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract An accurate budget forecast of any country before starting of any financial year is very important; it is a key factor in determining the budgetary allocation to various subjects. India is a vast country with nearly 1.2 billion people. Hence, it is difficult to forecast Indian budget quickly and accurately at the planning stage, when data, documentation, etc. are incomplete. The solution of this problem is addressed by our model. Using this model is an easy, fast and accurate way without having to prepare the data and other documentation first, even when just enough data, for example previous year’s budget is given. The suggested solution using the model can be used to predict how much the Indian budget will be. The suggested model has passed statistical test of linear regression analysis. Forecasting budget using this model is easier, fast and accurate, so decision for making the necessary budgetary allocation can be done very quickly.

Keywords: Machine learning, Time series, Artificial intelligence, Linear regression, Predictive analytics.

175

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-519BCF

“EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON COMPRESSIVE AND BONDING PROPERTIES OF CONCRETE CONTAINING E-WASTE AS PARTIAL REPLACEMENT OF COARSE AGGREGATE”

Divyang p. Patel , Prof.Jugal Mistry, Dr. Dinesh Shah · PG Student, Department of Structural Engineering, Sardar Patel College of Engineering, Anand, Gujarat, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Disposal of electronic waste generated from discarded computers and their accessories, mobiles and gadgets have been observed on rapid growth in today's era. These wastes generate contains extremely dangerous chemicals such as lead, mercury, beryllium, cadmium, polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and phosphorus compounds. Hence, one of the solutions of E-Waste can be integrated in concrete to make a sustainable environment and reduce its adverse effect. The aim of study is to investigate experimentally on partial replacement of coarse aggregate by electronic plastics waste in M20 & M30 grade of conventional concrete. The obtain results will be compared with past research. Further, aim is to check its compressive and bonding properties of the same as a field acceptance.

Keywords: E-Wastes, concrete, partial replacement, Disposal, Bond strength test.

176

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-0C604F

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF BASALT FIBER MODIFIED RUBBERIZED CONCRETE (BFMRC)

Vinit Mungalpara , Prof. Bhavik Daxini, Prof. Amit Thoriya, Prof. Shaishav Viradiya · Department of Civil Engineering, Marwadi Education Foundations Group of Institution, Rajkot, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Crumb rubber as a composition of concrete is used to produce environmental friendly crumb rubber concrete (CRC). It provides substitute technique for recycling of waste tyres scientifically. CRC shows various advantages in comparison to conventional concrete. Though, the application of CRC is restricted due to its low compressive, tensile and flexural strengths. This paper suggests new modified method of concrete by adding basalt fiber in CRC. Material properties’ testing of thirty six concrete mixtures was studied, considering M30 grade BFMRC and crumb rubber contents (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%). In addition, five different Basalt fiber contents (0%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4% and 5%) were taken into consideration. The main advantage of BFMRC is brittle failure of the concrete can be minimized and the compressive strength can be increased from the test conducted on concrete containing basalt fiber and crumb rubber.

Keywords: Modified concrete, Crumb rubber, Basalt fiber, Waste utilization, Compressive strength

177

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-6160DD

A BRIEF REVIEW ON FEED RATE OPTIMIZATION AND DIFFERENT TYPE OF TOOLPATH USE IN POCKET MACHINING

BAVARAMANANDI SWETANGKUMAR K , Dr. DIVYANG D PATEL, HARDIK R. DODIYA · Department of mechanical engineering at SVIT vasad, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract the implementation and selection of cutter path and process parameter are most important in aerospace and mould and die industries. Proper selection of this parameter save machining time, improve workpiece surface quality and improve tool life. This lead to overall cost reduction and higher productivity. This paper identifies and review the different type of cutter path (tool path) and compare them based on tool path length, cutting time and cutter life. Also review the different feed rate selection strategies for pocket milling.

Keywords: Pocket Machining, High Speed Machining (HSM), Feed Rate, Toolpath, Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM), Offset Curve, Voronoi Diagram, Force-based Feed Rate Scheduling (FFS), Feed Rate Scheduling Strategy (FSS), Adaptive Control (AC)

178

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-9885E7

INFLUENCE OF CHEMICAL ADMIXTURE ON MARINE SOIL

Manisha Solanki , Assistant Prof. Bhoomi kamdar, Dr.Manish Shah · Dept. of Civil Engineering & Parul Institute of Technology Vadodara, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract When soil looses the moisture content below the ground, it is create the volume reduction in the soil and cause the shrinkage cracks on the soil surface. This condition creates moderate to several problematic damage to the Geotechnical Engineering works. Shrinkage of the soil reduced in many ways, but chemical admixture technique is world wide technique to reduce the shrinkage of the soil. In this research paper, using Potassium Carbonate (K2CO3) as a chemical admixture in various proportion such as 0%, 1%, 1.5% and 2% in marine soil to reduce the shrinkage characteristics of the soil. Use of Potassium Carbonate (K2CO3) in marine soil and observed the behaviour of chemical in the soil. Results are concluded that the shrinkage limit is reduced by 32.27% in addition of optimum percentage of chemical.

Keywords: Atterberg’s limit, Shrinkage limit, Marine soil, Potassium carbonate, Cation exchange capacity:

179

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-C3D64F

CONCRETE STRENGTH BY COMBINATION OF NON-DESTRUCTIVE TECHNIQUES

Prof. P. S. Lande , Santosh B. Kanase · Department of Applied Mechanics, Government College of Engineering, Amravati, India, 444604, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Due to limitation of conventional method to determine the different characteristics properties of concrete, new technological breakthrough in the field of non-destructive testing (NDT) are emerging as a powerful quality control tool for determination of various characteristic properties of concrete qualitatively. The accuracy and reliability of non-destructive test are influence by the number of variable associated with the harden concrete. Through most of the non-destructive method are based on statistics, it is observed that in actual practice much of this testing is done without use statistical principles leading to erroneous results.

The present work focus on the study of the reliability in interpreting non-destructive testing results of concrete structure and calibration of the NDT instrument such as Rebound Hammer, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity, and Impact Echo. An experimental work is carried out involving both destructive and Non-destructive testing method applied to different nominal concrete grade of M20, M30, and M40. The specimens consisting 20 each cubes of size 150mm are casted for the correlation purpose.

Correlation between destructive and Non-destructive testing data is established using statistical techniques such as linear regression analysis, and multiple regression analysis. Software MATLAB and Microsoft Excel would be used for this purpose.

Keywords: Rebound Hammer, Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity, Frequency Spectrum, Impact Echo Test, Non-Destructive Testing, Compressive Load, Goodness of fit, R-square, RMSE, MATLAB.

180

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-07A9EE

Application of Critical Chain Project Management (CCPM) for infrastructure project: A case study

Milan R. Sheta , Neetu B. Yadav · M.E. C.E.M, S.N.P.I.T & R.C, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Critical Chain Project Management is a scheduling tool which is used for planning and managing projects based on the resources that required to execute project tasks within predefined time and budget. In this research work primavera P6 based step by step process of scheduling which helps in applying CCPM infrastructure projects was identified. The detail process of scheduling starts with identification of tasks, resources, activities, calculation of labour productivity, labour assignment and at last assign duration for each activity based on which resource availability is checked and finally authors were able to prepared final CCPM schedule for particular activities.

Keywords: Critical Chain; Primavera scheduler; Project Management; Scheduling; Software.

181

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-B05335

REVIEW OF MICROGRID TOPOLOGY AND DIFFERENT POWER SHARING STRATEGY

Dhruval P. Jivani , Prof. (Dr.) M. H. Pandya · Electrical Engineering Department, Lukhdhirji Engineering College, Morbi, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Micro sources, loads and storage system together forms Microgrid. It may be AC, DC or Hybrid. Micro source means it’s having very small capacity. In AC microgrid AC microsources (Wind turbine, small generators) and AC loads directly connected to AC bus whereas DC microsources and DC loads are connected with DC-AC converters. Similarly, In DC microgrid DC microsources (Solar PV, Fuel cells) and DC loads directly connected to DC bus whereas AC microsources and AC loads are connected with AC-DC converters. So only AC or Only DC microgrid requid more number of converters. Solution is Hybrid microgrid which reduce number of converters (AC-DC-AC & DC-AC-DC). In Hybrid microgrid all AC microsoures and AC loads are connected to one bus (AC
bus) and all DC microsoures and DC loads are connected to another bus (DC bus) and then interlinking converter (I.C) links AC bus as well as DC bus. Power flow control for I.C also reviewed at last in this paper also different power sharing control strategy reviewed for AC-DC micro grid.

Keywords: AC microgrid, DC microgrid, Hybrid Microgrid, Power sharing strategy of interlinking converter (I.C), Droop control.

182

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-66B09C

MECHANALYSIS OF LEAKAGES IN FIN-TUBE TYPE RADIATOR

Bhavin R. Patel , Dr. Vina D. Chauhan, Dhara P. Trivedi, Sunil D. Kininge · P.G scholar, Mechanical Engineering Department, Birla Vishvakarma Mahavidyalaya Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar – 388120, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In this paper, leakage analysis of radiator in manufacturing is conducted to identify defects. The fabrication of aluminium radiator assembly features high production efficiency and light weighted radiator have high heat dissipation. The quality of these radiators plays a key role in vehicle performance because it ensures the integrity of the engine and also it will cause significant mechanical complications in case of malfunction. Various types of leakage are identified in leakage analysis of radiator. Manufacturing defects can reduce the overall production rate so it is necessary to identify types of leakage occur in manufacturing for identification. Visual identification method & leakage testing methods are applied for identification of leakage. Leakage is elaborated with the help of cause-effect diagram to analyse the source of problem. Slot profile is analysed on profile projector. Rectification of leakage in radiator on the basis of identification of defect during manufacturing help to increase production rate.

Keywords: Radiator leakage analysis, Heat exchanger leakage, Radiator manufacturing defects, Leakage testing of radiator

183

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-7EF0A1

Comparison of Gray Cast Iron with Aluminum Silicon Carbide and Nylon 66 On Helical Gear

Sarth Shah , Krupal Shah · Student, Automobile Engineering, INDUS University, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Gearing system is a standout amongst the most basic parts in a mechanical power transmission framework and in most modern pivoting hardware. As of late, it is required to work machines at different load and speed. Gear teeth ordinarily fizzle when the heap is expanded over a specific limit. Consequently, it is required to investigate elective materials for gear fabricating. Composite materials give sufficient quality weight decrease and they have developed as a superior option for supplanting metallic gears. In this work, an endeavor has been made to supplant the metallic gears of Grey cast iron with the composites. The composites consider were the Aluminum Silicon carbide composite, and Nylon 66 composite. Endeavors have additionally been done for demonstrating the transmitting power gear get together on SolidWorks 2016 and FEA based basic conduct of various material was contemplated. Ansys 18.0 is utilized for the examination instrument in the present work to decide the aggregate disfigurement, Equivalent pressure, Factor of security and weight of the gear get together. Composite gears offer enhanced properties over steel compounds and these can be utilized as a superior option for supplanting metallic gears.

Keywords: Helical Gear, FEA, SolidWorks 2016, Ansys 18.0, Gary Cast Iron, Aluminum Silicon Carbide, Nylon66.

184

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-C0A2C7

SHORT CIRCUIT LEVEL REDUCTION OF 220 kV SUBSTATION

JAY JOGI , CHETAN SHETH, KRUNAL DARJI · PG Student, Electrical Engineering Department, G.H.Patel College of Engineering & Technology, Vallabh Vidhyanagar- 388 120, Gujarat, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract With the inflation of network, there is supplement of new generating station and transmission lines by virtue of which the short circuit levels at some of the substation increases apart from it’s design limit. The short circuit current induces abusive thermal and mechanical stresses and causes damage to the equipment. Thus, the diminution and adjustment of short circuit current is imperative. For the deplection of short circuit current, one of the solution is to revamp the equipments in order to foresee fault current are inward equipment capacity, Theses universally recommend the remaking of the substation. But, this solution is lavish. All the protection equipment is to be renewed and certified since revamp of whole substations is totally ambiguousc process. There are techniques reachable for the reduction of short circuit level namely: (1) Application of high impedance transformer, (2) Current Limiting Reactor, (3) Power System Reconfiguration etc. This paper explain some of the techniques in brief and simulation of case study with Application of High Impedance Transformer for the diminution and contraction of short circuit level.

Keywords: Short Circuit Current, Fault Level, Bus Splitting, Power System Planning, Reliability

185

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-064FB8

AUTOMATIC DATA FEEDING OF MID DAY MEAL SCHEME

Vinayak Gurav , Pritam Majgaonkar, Nilesh Powar, Ass. Prof. Prasan Kamble · Electronics and Telecommunication & Shivaji university, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract According to current government scheme Government provides food material like lentils, rice etc. to ZP schools for mid day meal. In this scheme teachers have to fill data about all daily material used for making mid day meal, on the government website. It leads to waste lot of time for daily feeding of data. Even sometimes it leads to corruption in received material from government.

We are going to develop a automatic data feeding system so as to save teachers time and corruption too .We are going to store the received material in such a way that according to daily expense all the details are automatically fed to respective website without any manual efforts. We are also going to develop a website for demonstration, so it will become hardware and software project.

Keywords: Wi-Fi Module, Container, Microcontroller, Strain gauge, Keypad.

186

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-E8F65A

Fragility analysis of RC frame structure

Lalkishan D. Padiya , Prof. Dipak k. Jivani · PG student, Department of civil engineering, DIET, Rajkot, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract After experiencing few vulnerable earthquakes seismic evaluation of structure has become vital even postearthquake assessment are emphasized. This study will cover an approach to assess a seismic vulnerability of earthquake. Conditional probability of structural response when subjected to earthquake loads as a function of ground motion intensity or other design parameters are represented by Fragility curves. These curves are valuable tools for the valuation of probability of structural damage due to earthquakes as a function of ground motion indices or design parameters. Fragility curves - show the probability of failure versus peak ground acceleration. Seismic fragility analysis helps in improving the performance of a structure. For the analysis, the RC buildings were modelled in SAP Computer Program. Non-linear Static analysis procedure is used for the analysis of RC buildings. Model of Existing building designed for nonlinear Static analysis. In the present study, For the purpose of generating fragility curve bunch of eight Indian earthquake ground motions are selected. Demand is obtained from spectra constructed for corresponding seismic events normalized, and scaled from 0.1g to 1.0g. Using Capacity Spectrum Method maximum displacements are obtained and response matrix is created. Based on the damage states and the response matrix, the fragility curves of the Building are constructed. Finally, using constructed fragility curves various performance level requirements were estimated. The fragility curves developed from the analysis were used to study the seismic performance of building models.

Keywords: Fragility analysis, Static nonlinear analysis, Fragility curve, Seismic vulnerability, RC frame

187

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-F43F64

Solar Farm (SF) Inverter as a STATCOM during Night time to Regulate Grid Voltage

Sagarkumar N. Tank , Prof. Shilpa L. Kaila · Electrical Engineering Department, L. E. College-Morbi,GTU, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract PV solar inverter plays essential role for generating the electricity at distribution end. A large scale PV generation includes photovoltaic array, DC/AC converters and related controllers. PV solar farm feed active power during day time and become inactive in the night time. The increasing penetration level of renewable based distributed generators causes a rise in voltage at point of common coupling (PCC) due to reverse power flow. To regulate voltage at PCC; utilities need to install voltage regulating devices like FACTs. In proposed work utilization of voltage source converter of PV solar farm as a STATCOM for grid voltage regulation at night time when there is no generation of PV farm. It avoids the other voltage compensating devices. A MATLAB/Simulink based simulation study is presented to validate the performance of proposed work.

Keywords: PV solar farm inverter, PV-STATCOM, Reactive power compensation, Grid voltage regulation, Wind farm

188

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-FDB7DA

REVIEWS ON DIFFERENT FAULT LOCATION CALCULATION METHODS ON TRANSMISSION LINE

Prashant B. Hansalpara , Prof.P. D.Raval · Electrical Engineering, Lukhdhirji Engineering College, Morbi, INDIA, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The location of faults in high voltage transmission line compensated by series compensated device is a challenging problem. In recent years different researchers have attempted to address to this problem using different methods. The paper proposed different method of calculation of fault location on transmission line. And compare all and come to the solution that the kalman filter is more accurate method for calculation of fault location in transmission line. Intelligent technique for fault location using combined kalman filter and AI technique is proposed in transmission line with Series compensation which provides promising results. This paper gives general overviews of fault location calculation on the transmission line using the different fault location techniques.

Keywords: Different methods of fault location calculation, Wavelet transform, Fourier transform, Kalman filter

189

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-E9BDA5

ANALYTICAL STUDY ON COLD FORMED STEEL FLEXURAL MEMBERS USING FINITE STRIP METHOD

R. Tamizhsudar , Prof. G.Dhamodhara Kannan, Dr.P.Suresh Kumar · P.G.Student, Department of Structural Engineering, Government College of Technology, Coimbatore, India., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract To the date, Cold Formed Steel structural members have been increasingly used to improve the strength and performance in practice provided buckling is properly dealt. These cold formed steel members can be produced in a wide variety of section profiles, e.g. Channel(C) sections, Z – sections, angle sections (L), tubular sections and hollow flange section. The escalating demand of economic and efficient materials has favoured adapting the Cold Formed Steel as it has the effect of increasing the yield strength of steel as it works well in to the strain hardening range. In spite of being expedient it suffers a serious disadvantage that it is susceptible to buckling due to its slenderness, mainly under compression. But hollow flange section has high buckling capacity due to its unique shape. The distortional buckling is eliminated by the torsionally rigid hollow flanges and its local buckling capacity is improved due to the absence of free edges and reduced width of the web. The study is focused on optimizing the structural dimensions of cold formed hollow steel channel sections using finite element software ABAQUS 6.16. The most efficient channel section with respect to loads and stresses identified. The sections having breadth smaller than the depth with respect to the adjacent member withstands layer loads and intron subjected to out of plane moments between each other.

Keywords: Cold formed steel, ABAQUS 6.16, Finite Strip Method, Channel Section.

190

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-2D569D

Rainfall Runoff Modelling of Machhu II basin, Morbi, using Soil and Water Assessment Tool

Prapti Ganatra , Ass.Prof. Vidhi Khokhani · Post Graduation Student, Department of Civil Engineering, Gujarat Technological University, Ahmedabad (Gujarat), IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract “The objective of this study is to estimate the runoff on Machhu II basin by applying the SWAT (Soil and Water Assessment Tools). The present Watershed covers an area of 427.34sq km. To perform the study at regional scale, an effort is made to combine the geospatial data with the available hydrological and meteorological data. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was designated to spot its applicability in developing urban basins. This work provides a case study for simulating hydrologic processes on small Watershed, which is experiencing the rapid urbanization, by adapting SWAT modelling tools on ArcGIS platform. Simulation of SWAT for daily, monthly as well as yearly basis is done by using 35 years of daily precipitation as well as daily maximum and minimum temperature, to obtain the runoff for corresponding precipitation. The coefficient of correlation (r) obtained for rainfall and corresponding to runoff is found to be 0.9657.

Keywords: Runoff, SWAT, Rainfall, ArcGIS, Urbanization.

191

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-E13D0A

A Review on Class Association Rule Mining

Ms. Ayushi Biyawala , Mr. Mihir Patel, Ms. Himani Parekh · Dept. of Computer Engineering and Information Technology,Uka tarsadiya university, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In a real world huge amounts of data are collected daily. Extracting useful and interesting knowledge from those data is called data mining. There are several techniques for extracting knowledge like clustering, classification, association mining, outlier detection etc. Association Classification (AC) is an important study, which supporting classification and prediction. There are some well-known AC algorithm: CBA, CMAR, MCAR, FACA, ECBA and WCBA. The AC techniques uses the association rules in the classification process to enhance hidden pattern for better accuracy of the classification process.

Keywords: Association classification, Classification, Prediction, Weighted approach, Harmonic Mean (HM) measure

192

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-97843B

EFFECT OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE WATER CONTAMINATION ON GEOTE-CHNICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL

Nafisa D. Shaikh · Assistant Professor, Civil Engineering Department, P PSavani University, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Industrial development is necessary. But due to this industrial development solid as well as liquid waste also genetated. This kind of liquid waste mixed with soil and the physical and chemical properties od soil goes to change. Change in basic properties of soil effects on the foundation soil. Due to the waste contaminated to the foundation soil the the structure foundation becomes weeker as studies many researchers. In this research the research area taken is GIDC region near Jhagadia, Gujarat. There are so mant chemecical and pharmaceutical industries situated here. And waste water fenerated by these industries contain chemicals ehich contaminated with the foundation soil of this area. Due to this contamination the Physical and chemical properties of the near by region goes to change.

Keywords: Soil-Waste water, Contamination, Physical properties of soil, Chemical properties of soil

193

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-36B8B7

EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON SUSTAINABLE STABILIZED BUILDING BLOCKS WITHOUT CEMENT STABILIZER

K. Karthikeyan , M. Praveen Kumar, Dr.R. Thenmozhi · PG student, Department of structural engineering, Government College of technology, Coimbatore, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract In the growing concern of awareness regarding sustainable building material, Stabilized sustainable building blocks gives the view of energy efficient, cost reduction, environmental friendly materials and overall contribution of the sustainable development. Above to this it is eco-friendly bricks which save environmental damage caused by cement based fly ash bricks which release enormous amount of carbon di-oxide in environment, which is almost equal to the production of cement. In the present investigation a stabilized sustainable building block specimen is cast using fly ash, clay, river sand and chemical stabilizer. Some of the chemical stabilizers available for making the blocks are Di-Ammonium Phosphate, Ammonium Phosphate, Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA), Starch, Dextrin, etc.,. DiAmmonium Phosphate and Ammonium Phosphate chemical stabilizer are eco-friendly and easily available when compared to the above mentioned chemical stabilizer, hence the blocks are made by using it. The blocks are made by varying mix composition of clay, fly ash and river sand as 1:1:2 and 1:2:1 with addition of gypsum about 0.5%and 1% and chemical stabilizer are in ratios of to dry weight of fly ash and clay as 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, 10% and 12.5% respectively. The brick specimens are cast using standard brick mould of size 19cm x 9cm x 9cm and are compacted using table vibrator. Totally 32 specimens are casted. The cast specimens are cured by air curing and tested for the compressive strength and the results are obtained.

Keywords: Fly ash, Bottom ash, River sand, Chemical stabilizer, Compressive strength test, Water absorption test, Initial rate of absorption test and Efflorescence test.

194

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-0B62F2

POTENTIAL SOURCES FOR ENERGY DEVELOPMENT/CONSERVATION & ITS APPLICATIONS: A REVIEW

Dhairya J. Zaveri , Rishi R Saxena, Dr. P. V.Ramana · Department of Mechanical SVIT, VASAD, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Utilization of wind energy is an ancient technique where wind turbines are used to harvest kinetic energy from the wind & utilize in different forms for hundreds of years. This paper discuss about the utilization of various sources of air to generate the useful power. High rise buildings and moving rail wagon, industries have the great possibility to abstract wind energy & generate power. Energy recovery, as well as extraction, depends on the area of the duct & velocity of the wind. The wind coming out from the duct has great potential to recover energy. Various source for the same is been listed in this paper. Turbine blade material & no. turbine blades are the crucial part of the recovery/abstraction system. Hence, the review is focused on the types of material and its blade along with the effect of nozzle, diffuser, and nozzle-diffuser is been discussed. This work can be utilized by the successive research scholars to have idea in the field of wind energy recovery system.

Keywords: Wind Turbine, High Rise Buildings, Blade Materials, No. of Blades, Energy Sources

195

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-1E170F

Protection of Transmission Line Using Over-current Relay in MATLAB/Simulink Simulation

Sandeep Makwana , Vijay Makwana · Department of Electrical Engineering, G H Patel College of Engineering and Technology, Vallabh Vidyanagar 388 120, Gujarat, India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Protection relays which used in power system must be authentic and judicious in both way financial and size. Over-current relay is one of the most meticulous relay in the power system protection. So designing of overcurrent relay in any computerize software is much needed and preferable. Also for detailed work training and researching of over-current relay for different situation, simulation is one of the best way. This paper deals with MATLAB/Simulink simulation of Over-current relay for transmission lines. This simulation sub-system of IDMT (inverse definite minimum time) over-current react on different power system faults like single line- ground, double line and double line to ground and gives results of time of operation of relay.

Keywords: MATLAB/Simulink, Over-current relay, Power system faults, Power system protection, Simulation.

196

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-3F6B6B

Application of Convolutional Neural Network for Content Based Image Retrieval

Rahul M.Bhutada , Prof.V. S.Mahalle · Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Shri Sant Gajanan Maharaj College of Engineering, SGBAU University, Shegaon,India, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The problem is to extract the image features that represent the image contents in a database. Such kind of extraction requires a evaluation of retrieval performance of features of image. Related work is the foundation for understanding and improving more knowledge regarding precise field. This paper proposes Content Based Image Retrieval via Convolutional neural network. Content Based Image Retrieval is a technique for extracting features of images like color, shape, texture, blob detection, edge detection, contour detection and etc. That sort of work of extracting features from image will be done by convolutional neural network here. Once features are extracted from a query image then same procedure will be used for extracting features of database images. For comparing features of both images Euclidian distance can be used to produce the best result. The key part of retrieval system is feature extraction. Until now, the only way of penetrating these collections was based on keyword indexing, text, or just by browsing. In this paper we survey some practical aspect of current CBIR texture, and shape for exact and efficient CBIR after doing the study of related works.

Keywords: CBIR, CNN, Features, Image Retrieval, Classification, Neural Network

197

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-04C172

DESIGN OF ECONOMIC MENSTRUAL WASTE TREATMENT PLANT

Krupa Narendra Savalia , Rakshanda Subhash Chavan, Muthulaxmi Devendra Kudumber, Prof. Poonam Satish Patil · Civil Department, SPPU, Student, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Nowadays, the disposal of sanitary waste in India is a complex issue. Indian women are in discomfort in discussing menstrual hygiene openly; it dedicated how women dispose of their sanitary napkin. Due to this, it affects the entire environment. As there is no proper method of sustainable sanitary waste disposal, people dispose of it in the soil, air, and water which causes contamination. Lack of education awareness for people, unwilling to accept otherwise, still leads to restrictions on women’s lives during their menstruation. To overcome this problem we have decided to prepare a model on menstrual waste disposal for our college. For this, we have conducted a questionnaire survey and collected responses. From those responses, we understand what brand they use, how it is disposed of at home and in public places. Then the planning and design of the model was conducted. After the model was prepared, testing was carried out on different parameters.

Keywords: Menstrual hygiene, Menstruation, Disposal, Environment

198

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-550379

CROP DISEASE DETECTION USING MACHINE LEARNING APPROACH

Mr.K.Ravi Kumar , N.Durga Sai Priyanka, P. Vasavi, S.Sandeep Kumar Reddy, S.Sai Teja · Sr. Assistant Professor, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Identification of the harvest sicknesses is the way to keeping the misfortunes in the yield and nature of the rural item. The investigations of the harvest ailments mean the investigations of outwardly discernible examples seen on the plant. Well being observing and sickness discovery requires gigantic measure of work, information in the plant ailments, and furthermore require the additionally preparing time. It is hard to screen the plant illnesses, and furthermore there were no fitting systems for this procedure. Thus, picture handling is utilized for the identification of plant ailments. So we can utilize picture preparing for ID of leaf malady in MATLAB. Recognizable proof of illness pursues the means like stacking the picture, differentiate improvement, changing over RGB to HSI, separating of highlights like mean, homogeneity, vitality, connection, entropy and so forth., by utilizing gray level co-occurance matrix properties (GLCM technique) and afterward we use SVM classifier for order. It gives the data to the client in regards to the yield malady.

Keywords: Image processing , SVM classifier, K-means clustering, GLCM

199

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-87E958

REVIEW ON LABORATORY INVESTIGATION OF DENSE BITUMINOUS MACADAM MIX USING GRANITE POWDER AND WAST PLASTIC BOTTLE PIECES AS ADDITIVES

Pravin metaliya , Charmin Jarsania, Yogesh Alwani · Student, Department of civil engineeringMarwadi Education Foundation Rajkot, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract This article reviews current research into the effects of Granite Powder And Small Pieces of Waste Bottles on bituminous mixtures. Bituminous mixtures are most regularly used global. Day by day, the economic costs of bitumen and the lack of accessibility of ordinary material resources increase. For this reason, the possibility was discovered of locally available waste material such as Granite Powder, fly ash, lime, fibers, ceramic waste, silica fumes, slag, Small Pieces of Waste Bottles plastic, etc. to discover. Granite Powder And Small Pieces of Waste plastic Bottles (Polyethylene Terephthalate(PET)) are by-products that cause excessive environmental hazards, damage to the land and the environment in which it is disposed of. To solve this problem, a laboratory evaluation of the mechanical performance of Dense Bituminous Macadam mixtures using Granite Powder and Small Pieces of Waste plastic Bottles as a partial replacement of fillers is carried out here. In this experimental study, the Marshall Stability Test was considered to be a design and evaluation of bituminous pavement mixtures. The mechanical properties of these two materials are tested, whether or not it is advantageous for the bituminous paving mixes

Keywords: Dense Bituminous Macadam, Marshall Parameters, Granite Powder, Small Pieces of Waste plastic Bottles, Environment.

200

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-D20A32

ACCIDENT PREVENTION IN VANET: A REVIEW

Mohit Gambhir , Sapna Gambhir · Verispire Technologies Pvt. Ltd, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract The opportunities presented by VANETs are unlimited. Vehicular networks offer tremendous opportunities to increase the safety of the transportation system and reduce traffic fatalities. The protocols and accident safety measures find their scope in the current VANET applications to avoid vehicle collisions and prevent accidents at intersections. Human conduct, Red Light jumping, traffic rules violation, accident prevention, vehicle tracking etc. are some of the main application areas. In this paper, various accident prevention techniques in VANET are analysed in order to identify the areas where there is possibility of more optimization.

Keywords: Vehicular networks, Accident prevention and avoidance

201

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-33FB47

SECURE DATA AGGREGATION USING WATERMARKING SCHEME IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS

Mohit Gambhir , Sapna Gambhir · Verispire Technologies Pvt. Ltd, IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract A wireless sensor network (WSN’s) generates a huge amount of data with limited resource constraints which are susceptible to communication failure and various security attacks due to broadcast nature of communication. We use data aggregation techniques to gather data from different sources to eliminate redundant and duplicate data. There are issues in data aggregation such as delay, redundancy elimination, accuracy, traffic load and security. In this paper, we focus on security issues related to data aggregation techniques: data confidentiality, data integrity, node authentication and aggregator node availability. A sensor node which is providing data to the aggregator node must be an authentic node and aggregator node must be capable of detecting false data from unauthorized nodes in order to avoid flooding of unnecessary data which may lead to denial of service attack. In this paper, a secure data aggregation technique in which synopsis is generated with watermarking by sensing nodes and aggregator node to protect data integrity is proposed. In watermarking, each sensor node embeds a unique watermark to sensor data so that base station can verify the data integrity and combating data modification, data deletion and false data insertion attack.

Keywords: secure data aggregation, wireless sensor networks, sensor nodes, aggregator node, watermarking, and data integrity.

202

Vol.5, Issue 3 · (July - September) 2019 · ID: IJT-2021-BA1B6B

A REVIEW ON EFFECT OF VARYING PROPORTIONS OF PET FIBRE WITH FLY ASH, BAGASSE ASH AND METAKAOLIN ON STRENGTH OF CONCRETE

TANVEER SINGH BAINS , KHUSHPREET SINGH · M.E Scholar, Department of Civil Department, Chandigarh University., IN

📄 View / Download PDF 📄 View Details

Abstract Today researchers everywhere are concentrating on methods for using either industrial or agricultural wastes as a wellspring of raw materials for the development business. These squanders usage would not exclusively be affordable, yet may likewise make a manageable and contamination free condition. They are focusing on utilization of industrial or agricultural wastes as a source of raw materials for the purpose of construction of concrete. Wastes utilization shall not only be cheaper but may also become a sustainable and pollution free raw material. Geopolymer concrete is another methodology of concrete generation by rejection of common Portland cement altogether with pozzolanic material. Adjacent to water, concrete is the biggest devoured substances, which request immense part of Portland cement. Geopolymer concrete is designed by replacing 100% cement with sustainable and recycled material
which is a new technique of concrete production. Apart from water, demand of production of concrete is very huge in which cement is the main constituent. In this paper, the effect of adding industrial or agricultural wastes i.e. Pet fiber with Fly ash, Bagasse ash and Metakaolin in the concrete has been reviewed. From various studied, it is concluded that Pet fibre with Fly ash, Bagasse ash and Metakaolin increase the compressive and flexibility strength of concrete.

Keywords: Geopolymer concrete, Metakaolin, Fly ash, Concrete.

Journal	:	IJTIMES
Full Name	:	International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science
ISSN Online	:	2455-2585
UGC No.	:	47719
Impact Factor	:	5.99
Frequency	:	Quarterly (4 Issues/Year)
Started	:	2015
Language	:	English
Review Type	:	Double-Blind Peer Review
Review Time	:	12-15 weeks
Access	:	Open Access
UGC Approved	:	Yes
Discipline	:	Engineering & Technology
Email	:	editor@ijtimes.com

Email	:	editor@ijtimes.com
Hours	:	Mon–Sat, 10AM–6PM IST
Response	:	Within 1–2 working days

Published Volumes & Issues